Abstract: A method for eliminating bubbles from a liquid dispensing system includes flowing a liquid containing bubbles into a liquid inlet of a tank from a filter to substantially fill the tank, wherein substantially all bubbles accumulate in an upper portion of the tank having a lateral dimension greater than a lateral dimension of a lower portion of the tank, and flowing the liquid into the tank comprises flowing the liquid through an inlet pipe extending at an acute angle relative to a horizontally-oriented axis of the tank. The method further includes flowing a liquid substantially free of bubbles out of the tank via a liquid outlet at the lower portion of the tank for dispensing to a substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a single diffusion break (SDB) structure dividing a fin-shaped structure into a first portion and a second portion, an isolation structure on the SDB structure, a first spacer adjacent to the isolation structure, a metal gate adjacent to the isolation structure, a shallow trench isolation (STI around the fin-shaped structure, and a second isolation structure on the STI. Preferably, a top surface of the first spacer is lower than a top surface of the isolation structure and a bottom surface of the first spacer is lower than a bottom surface of the metal gate.

Abstract: A pipe cutter includes a mouth formed in the front portion of a body for receiving a pipe to be cut, a handle pivotally coupled to the body and located in front of a grip, an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder coupled together, a container disposed in the body, and a cutter fixed to the piston rod of the upper cylinder. The container is connected between the cylinders. The hydraulic oil contained in the lower cylinder can be caused to flow into the upper cylinder when the handle is repeatedly pulled so that cutter can be caused to move forward in order to cut the pipe.

Abstract: A rotary engine is comprised of at least one rotor assembly including a drum rotor and a cylinder rotor in internal contact with the drum rotor. The drum rotor bounds, with the cylinder rotor, and a crescent shaped working chamber and an annular working chamber, with the inner surface of the housing. The annular working chamber includes a first segmented annulus portion, a second segmented annulus portion of greater width than the first portion, and a transition portion of gradually increasing width connecting one end of first and second segmented annulus portions. A portion of the inner surface of the housing is inwardly projected between another end of first and second segmented annulus portions to come into contact with the periphery of the drum rotor.

Abstract: A modularized error correction apparatus for correcting package errors is provided by expanding an N bit single error correction, double error detection code to cover N packages of M bits each, so that the Exclusive-OR of all M bit single bit error syndromes in any given package results in a composite syndrome which is unique for each package. See FIG. 2 for the parity matrix H and the matching matrix M for the error correction code.

Abstract: This specification covers a simplified and high speed decoding scheme for Reed-Solomon codes capable of correcting up to three symbol errors in code words made up of k data and n-k check symbols where each symbol consists of m binary bits of information. In such a code the error location polynomial .sigma. (x) = x.sup.e + .sigma..sub.1 x.sup.e-1 . . . . .sigma..sub.e where e equals the number of symbol errors and the coefficient of .sigma.(x) are related to the error syndromes S.sub.i by the equationS.sub.i+e + .sigma..sub.1 S.sub.i+e-1 +. . . . + .sigma..sub.e-1 S.sub.i+1 + .sigma..sub.e S.sub.i = 0.The decoder first tests if S.sub.0 = 0. If S.sub.0 .noteq. 0, the assumption is made that a single symbol error has occurred. The decoder quickly verifies this by determining if S.sub.2 + .sigma.S.sub.1 = 0 and S.sub.3 + .sigma.S.sub.2 = 0 when .sigma. = S.sub.1 /S.sub.0.