Abstract: Technology is disclosed herein for managing timing parameters when programming memory cells. Timing parameters used sub-clocks in an MLC program mode may also be used for those same sub-clocks in a first SLC program mode. However, in a second SLC program mode a different set of timing parameters may be used for that set of sub-clocks. Using the same set of timing parameters for the MLC program mode and the first SLC program mode saves storage space. However, the timing parameters for the MLC program mode may be slower than desired for SLC programming. A different set of timing parameters may be used for the second SLC program mode to provide for faster program operation. Moreover, the different set of timing parameters used for the faster SLC program mode do not require storage of a separate set of timing parameters.

Abstract: A memory apparatus and method of operation are provided. The apparatus includes memory cells each connected to word lines and disposed in strings and configured to retain a threshold voltage. The memory apparatus also includes a charge pump configured to ramp up to a program voltage in a pump setting process and supply the program voltage to the word lines during a program operation and ramp down from the program voltage in a pump resetting process. A control means is configured to successively apply one of a series of pulses of the program voltage from the charge pump to each selected one of the word lines to program the memory cells during the program operation. The control means is also configured to skip the pump setting process and the pump resetting process of the charge pump in between each of the series of pulses of the program voltage.

Abstract: A memory apparatus and method of operation is provided. The apparatus includes memory cells connected to word lines. The memory cells are disposed in memory holes and grouped into a plurality of tiers. The memory cells are configured to retain a threshold voltage corresponding to one of a plurality of data states to store one bit as single-level cells and a plurality of bits as multi-level cells. The apparatus also includes a control means coupled to the word lines and the memory holes and configured to select a predetermined strobe quantity of the plurality of tiers of the memory cells separately for the memory cells operating as the single-level cells and the memory cells operating as the multi-level cells. The control means is also configured to trigger sensing of the predetermined strobe quantity of the plurality of tiers of the memory cells during a verify operation.

Abstract: A memory apparatus and method of operation are provided. The apparatus includes memory cells connected to one of a plurality of word lines and arranged in strings and configured to retain a threshold voltage corresponding to one of a plurality of memory states. A control circuit is coupled to the plurality of word lines and strings and is configured to erase the memory cells using a stripe erase operation in response to determining a cycle count is less than a predetermined cycle count maximum threshold. The control circuit is also configured to perform a dummy cycle operation in response to determining the cycle count is not less than the predetermined cycle count maximum threshold.

Abstract: A memory apparatus and method of operation are provided. The apparatus includes memory cells connected to one of a plurality of word lines and arranged in strings and configured to retain a threshold voltage corresponding to one of a plurality of memory states. A control circuit is coupled to the plurality of word lines and strings and is configured to erase the memory cells using a stripe erase operation in response to determining a cycle count is less than a predetermined cycle count maximum threshold. The control circuit is also configured to perform a dummy cycle operation in response to determining the cycle count is not less than the predetermined cycle count maximum threshold.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory control method includes a step of writing, repeatedly to a nonvolatile memory cells. The method continues with detecting when writing reaches a writing threshold value. Upon reaching the writing threshold, the method continues with driving a charge to at least one parasitic area intermediate at least two charge storage areas of the nonvolatile memory cells to improve data retention in at least one of the at least two charge storage areas of the nonvolatile memory cells.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory control method includes a step of writing, repeatedly to a nonvolatile memory cells. The method continues with detecting when writing reaches a writing threshold value. Upon reaching the writing threshold, the method continues with driving a charge to at least one parasitic area intermediate at least two charge storage areas of the nonvolatile memory cells to improve data retention in at least one of the at least two charge storage areas of the nonvolatile memory cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wind and solar power electric generator, with application in a moving vehicle, wherein the vehicle is internally installed with rechargeable batteries. The front of the vehicle is provided with an engine cover and an air inlet, and the rear of the vehicle is fitted with a windshield. The top portion of the vehicle is provided with a top portion solar panel, and the power generated by the top portion solar panel connects to the rechargeable batteries. The present invention is characterized in that a front solar panel is assembled on the engine cover, and front fan electric generators are additionally installed at the air inlet, and the total electric power generated by the front solar panel and the front fan electric generators connects to the rechargeable batteries.

Abstract: A connector against contrary flowing for medical treatment, as to its structure, it includes a connecting seat to connect with a transmitting pipe, an insertion connecting cap fixed on the connecting seat for insertion of an external connecting terminal and a needless injection cylinder, and an elastic valve plug provided between the connecting seat and the insertion connecting cap, when the injection cylinder is pulled out of the insertion connecting cap, the elastic valve plug can impede the reverse pressure generated by the transmitting pipe (or the connecting seat), in order to avoid generating reverse flow of blood of a patient to reduce pain.

Abstract: A portable electronic device and method for measuring electric current of an external electronic device by the portable electronic device are provided. The method includes detecting whether an external device is connected, through the earphone jack, or whether a simple headset is connected through the earphone jack. The earphone jack can pass audio signals from the headset, but if an external device is detected, software is implemented to measure the amplitude of electric current from the external electronic device.

Abstract: Provided is an OTP memory cell including a first antifuse unit, a second antifuse unit, a select transistor, and a well region. The first and the second antifuse unit respectively include an antifuse layer and an antifuse gate disposed on a substrate in sequence. The select transistor includes a select gate, a gate dielectric layer, a first doped region, and a second doped region. The select gate is disposed on the substrate. The gate dielectric layer is disposed between the select gate and the substrate. The first and the second doped region are respectively disposed in the substrate at two sides of the select gate, wherein the second doped region is disposed in the substrate at the periphery of the first and the second antifuse unit. The well region is disposed in the substrate below the first and the second antifuse unit and is connected to the second doped region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a connector against contrary flowing for medical treatment, as to its structure, it includes a connecting seat to connect with a transmitting pipe, an insertion connecting cap fixed on the connecting seat for insertion of an external connecting terminal and a needless injection cylinder, and an elastic valve plug provided between the connecting seat and the insertion connecting cap, when the injection cylinder is pulled out of the insertion connecting cap, the elastic valve plug can impede the reverse pressure generated by the transmitting pipe (or the connecting seat), in order to avoid generating of contrary flowing of blood of a patient to reduce pain.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory cell structure includes a doping well disposed in a substrate, an antifuse gate disposed on the doping well, a drain disposed in the substrate, an optional select gate disposed on the doping well and an optional shallow trench isolation disposed inside the doping well.

Abstract: A portable electronic device and method for measuring electric current of an external electronic device by the portable electronic device are provided. The method includes detecting whether an external device is connected, through the earphone jack, or whether a simple headset is connected through the earphone jack. The earphone jack can pass audio signals from the headset, but if an external device is detected, software is implemented to measure the amplitude of electric current from the external electronic device.

Abstract: Provided is an OTP memory cell including a first antifuse unit, a second antifuse unit, a select transistor, and a well region. The first and the second antifuse unit respectively include an antifuse layer and an antifuse gate disposed on a substrate in sequence. The select transistor includes a select gate, a gate dielectric layer, a first doped region, and a second doped region. The select gate is disposed on the substrate. The gate dielectric layer is disposed between the select gate and the substrate. The first and the second doped region are respectively disposed in the substrate at two sides of the select gate, wherein the second doped region is disposed in the substrate at the periphery of the first and the second antifuse unit. The well region is disposed in the substrate below the first and the second antifuse unit and is connected to the second doped region.

Abstract: A Light Emitting Diodes chandelier includes a base board, a ventilation unit, a case and a cover. Multiple Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are located beneath the base board and the ventilation unit is located above the base board. The case is mounted to the base board and the cover is a transparent cover and located beneath the LEDs. The ventilation unit has multiple plates which contact the top of the ventilation unit. The plates and the case are made by heat-conductive material. The case has two openings defined in two ends thereof so as to provide better convection and brings heat away.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an LED bulb and its lamp holder. The lamp holder is provided for guiding light sources. The light sources emitted from single LEDs in the LED bulb is diffused uniformly and merged with each other to provide good illuminations. A light guide pipe is integrated with an internal periphery of a transparent casing of the lamp holder and disposed at a position opposite to each single LED. A root portion of the light guide pipe has a larger external diameter at a position proximate to the transparent casing, and the root portion is extended to an end portion proximate to a position of the LED having a tapered external diameter to form a conical shape, such that the light source produced by each single LED can be passed through the corresponding light guide pipe and uniformly diffused to transparent casing, and then to the outside.