Abstract: A physical unclonable function (PUF) generator including a substrate and semiconductor units is provided. Each of the semiconductor units includes an isolation structure, a first conductive line, and a second conductive line. The isolation structure is located in the substrate. The isolation structure has a first protrusion portion and a recess. The first protrusion portion and the recess are adjacent to each other. The first conductive line is located above the first protrusion portion and the recess. The second conductive line is located above the first conductive line. At least one short circuit randomly exists between at least one of the first conductive lines and at least one of the second conductive lines in at least one of the semiconductor units.

Abstract: Embodiments and methods perform ear cavity frequency response (EFCR) adaptive noise cancelation (ANC) with path-compensation over an entire main path to the eardrum (MPED) of a user. A number of ANC filter models are pre-trained to include respective anti-noise path (ANP) filter models and respective MPED filter models representing ANC filter configurations. As a user wears a headphone earpiece, characteristics of the wearer and the position/orientation of wearing manifest a wearer/wearing condition. Techniques described herein can continuously or periodically and efficiently determine which of the pre-trained ANC filter models most closely described the present MPED of the present wearer/wearing condition, and can continuously or periodically update the ANC filter configuration based on the pre-trained models to maintain high-performance ANC that includes EFCR path-compensation.

Abstract: Embodiments and methods perform ear cavity frequency response (EFCR) adaptive noise cancelation (ANC) with path-compensation over an entire main path to the eardrum (MPED) of a user. A number of ANC filter models are pre-trained to include respective anti-noise path (ANP) filter models and respective MPED filter models representing ANC filter configurations. As a user wears a headphone earpiece, characteristics of the wearer and the position/orientation of wearing manifest a wearer/wearing condition. Techniques described herein can continuously or periodically and efficiently determine which of the pre-trained ANC filter models most closely described the present MPED of the present wearer/wearing condition, and can continuously or periodically update the ANC filter configuration based on the pre-trained models to maintain high-performance ANC that includes EFCR path-compensation.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a physically unclonable function (PUF) device includes the steps of first defining a PUF cell region on a substrate and then performing a process to form a defect on the PUF cell region. Preferably, the formation of the defect could be accomplished by forming a shallow trench isolation (STI) on the substrate, forming a gate material layer on the substrate and the STI, patterning the gate material layer to form a first gate material layer and a second gate material layer, and then forming an epitaxial layer between and connecting the first gate material layer and the second gate material layer.

Abstract: A design method of a dummy pattern layout including the following steps is provided. An integrated circuit layout design including resistor elements is obtained via a computer. The locations of dummy conductive structures are configured, wherein the dummy conductive structures are aligned with the resistor elements. The locations of dummy support patterns are configured, wherein each of the dummy support patterns is configured between two adjacent dummy conductive structures, and each of the dummy conductive structures is equidistant from the dummy support patterns on both sides.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a hybrid adaptive active noise control unit (HAANCU) configured to provide an anti-noise signal to an ear speaker from a reference noise signal of a reference microphone and an error signal of an error microphone, a decimator configured to decimate the reference noise signal and error signal, an adaptive hybrid ANC training unit (AHANCTU) including at least one noise cancellation filter and a filter configured to provide a feedback signal to the at least one noise cancellation, which trains parameters of the AHANCTU based on the decimated reference noise signal, the decimated error signal, and the feedback signal. The apparatus further includes a rate conversion unit configured to up-sample the parameters and update the HAANCU with the up-sampled parameters.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a hybrid adaptive active noise control unit (HAANCU) configured to provide an anti-noise signal to an ear speaker from a reference noise signal of a reference microphone and an error signal of an error microphone, a decimator configured to decimate the reference noise signal and error signal, an adaptive hybrid ANC training unit (AHANCTU) including at least one noise cancellation filter and a filter configured to provide a feedback signal to the at least one noise cancellation, which trains parameters of the AHANCTU based on the decimated reference noise signal, the decimated error signal, and the feedback signal. The apparatus further includes a rate conversion unit configured to up-sample the parameters and update the HAANCU with the up-sampled parameters.

Abstract: An apparatus for canceling noise at an ear speaker includes a wideband active noise cancellation filter having a first bandwidth and configured to generate a wideband anti-noise signal from a received reference noise signal, a narrowband active noise cancellation filter having a second bandwidth smaller than the first bandwidth and configured to generate a narrowband anti-noise signal from an error noise signal, a filter between the ear speaker and an error microphone and configured to generate a feedback noise signal, and a controller. The controller is configured to eliminate the error noise signal by modifying coefficients of the wideband active noise cancellation filter and the narrowband active noise cancellation filter in response to the wideband anti-noise signal, the narrowband anti-noise signal, and the feedback noise signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for canceling noise at an ear speaker includes a wideband active noise cancellation filter having a first bandwidth and configured to generate a wideband anti-noise signal from a received reference noise signal, a narrowband active noise cancellation filter having a second bandwidth smaller than the first bandwidth and configured to generate a narrowband anti-noise signal from an error noise signal, a filter between the ear speaker and an error microphone and configured to generate a feedback noise signal, and a controller. The controller is configured to eliminate the error noise signal by modifying coefficients of the wideband active noise cancellation filter and the narrowband active noise cancellation filter in response to the wideband anti-noise signal, the narrowband anti-noise signal, and the feedback noise signal.

Abstract: A design method of a dummy pattern layout including the following steps is provided. An integrated circuit layout design including resistor elements is obtained via a computer. The locations of dummy conductive structures are configured, wherein the dummy conductive structures are aligned with the resistor elements. The locations of dummy support patterns are configured, wherein each of the dummy support patterns is configured between two adjacent dummy conductive structures, and each of the dummy conductive structures is equidistant from the dummy support patterns on both sides.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure including a substrate, dummy conductive structures, and resistor elements is provided. The substrate includes a resistor region and has isolation structures and dummy support patterns located in the resistor region. Each of the isolation structures is located between two adjacent dummy support patterns. Each of the dummy conductive structures is disposed on each of the isolation structures and equidistant from the dummy support patterns on both sides. The resistor elements are disposed above the dummy conductive structures and aligned with the dummy conductive structures.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a hybrid adaptive active noise control unit (HAANCU) configured to provide an anti-noise signal to an ear speaker from a reference noise signal of a reference microphone and an error signal of an error microphone, a decimator configured to decimate the reference noise signal and error signal, an adaptive hybrid ANC training unit (AHANCTU) including at least one noise cancellation filter and a filter configured to provide a feedback signal to the at least one noise cancellation, which trains parameters of the AHANCTU based on the decimated reference noise signal, the decimated error signal, and the feedback signal. The apparatus further includes a rate conversion unit configured to up-sample the parameters and update the HAANCU with the up-sampled parameters.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure including a substrate, dummy conductive structures, and resistor elements is provided. The substrate includes a resistor region and has isolation structures and dummy support patterns located in the resistor region. Each of the isolation structures is located between two adjacent dummy support patterns. Each of the dummy conductive structures is disposed on each of the isolation structures and equidistant from the dummy support patterns on both sides. The resistor elements are disposed above the dummy conductive structures and aligned with the dummy conductive structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel use of the members of the IL-10 cytokine family in wound healing. Particularly, the invention relates to the use of the member of the IL-10 cytokine family in the promotion of the proliferation and the migration of keratinocyte cells in wound healing.

Abstract: A medium for culturing stem cell. The stem cell medium of the invention comprises a fetal bovine serum, one or plurality of amino acid, one or plurality of vitamin, one or plurality of growth factor, one or plurality of inorganic salt, one or plurality of antioxidant, wherein the stem cell medium has a calcium concentration of less than about 1.8 mM, and the fetal bovine serum is present in an amount of less than about 10% by volume of the medium. The stem cell medium of the invention can maintain the proliferative and self-renewal capacity of the stem cells and keep stem cells at a steady stage.

Abstract: A method for optically inspecting a semiconductor substrate for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults, and a template mask which assists in practicing the optical inspection method. There is first provided a semiconductor substrate which has a surface to be inspected for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults. Aligned then upon the surface of the semiconductor substrate to be inspected for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults is a template mask. The template mask has a minimum of one aperture which leaves exposed a portion of the surface of the semiconductor substrate to be inspected for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults. Finally, there is inspected optically the portion of the surface of the semiconductor substrate exposed through the aperture.

Abstract: A method for optically inspecting a semiconductor substrate for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults, and a template mask which assists in practicing the optical inspection method. There is first provided a semiconductor substrate which has a surface to be inspected for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults. Aligned then upon the surface of the semiconductor substrate to be inspected for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults is a template mask. The template mask has a minimum of one aperture which leaves exposed a portion of the surface of the semiconductor substrate to be inspected for defects such as oxidation induced stacking faults. Finally, there is inspected optically the portion of the surface of the semiconductor substrate exposed through the aperture.