Abstract: Method and apparatus of video coding are disclosed. According to one method, in the decoder side, a predefined Intra mode is assigned to a neighboring block adjacent to the current luma block when the neighboring block satisfies one or more conditions. An MPM (Most Probable Mode) list is derived based on information comprising at least one of neighboring Intra modes. A current Intra mode is derived utilizing the MPM list. The current luma block is decoded according to the current Intra mode According to another method, a predefined Intra mode is assigned to a neighboring block adjacent to the current luma block if the neighboring block is coded in BDPCM (Block-based Delta Pulse Code Modulation) mode, where the predefined Intra mode is set to horizontal mode or vertical mode depending on prediction direction used by the BDPCM mode.

Abstract: Video processing methods and apparatuses implemented in a video encoding or decoding system with conditional secondary transform signaling. The video encoding system determines and applies a transform operation to residuals of a transform block to generate final transform coefficients, and adaptively signals a secondary transform index according to a position of a last significant coefficient in the transform block. A value of the secondary transform index is determined according to the transform operation.

Abstract: Video processing methods and apparatuses implemented in a video encoding or decoding system with conditional secondary transform signaling. The video encoding system determines and applies a transform operation to residuals of one or more transform blocks to generate final transform coefficients, and skip signaling a secondary transform index if a position of a last significant coefficient in each considered transform block is less than or equal to a predefined position; otherwise, the video encoding system signals a secondary transform index according to the transform operation.

Abstract: A video codec receives data for a block of pixels to be encoded or decoded as a current block of a current picture of a video. The video codec signals or parses a first syntax element for a first coding mode in a particular set of two or more coding modes. Each of coding mode of the particular set of coding modes modifies a merge candidate or an inter-prediction that is generated based on the merge candidate. The video codec enables the first coding mode and disables one or more other coding modes in the particular set of coding modes. The disabled one or more coding modes in the particular set of coding modes are disabled without parsing syntax elements for the disabled coding modes. The video codec encodes or decodes the current block by using the enabled first coding mode and bypassing the disabled coding modes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of Inter prediction for video coding using Multi-hypothesis (MH) are disclosed. If an MH mode is used for the current block: at least one MH candidate is derived using reduced reference data by adjusting at least one coding-control setting; an Inter candidate list is generated, where the Inter candidate list comprises said at least one MH candidate; and current motion information associated with the current block is encoded using the Inter candidate list at the video encoder side or the current motion information associated with the current block is decoded at the video decoder side using the Merge candidate list. The coding control setting may correspond to prediction direction setting, filter tap setting, block size of reference block to be fetched, reference picture setting or motion limitation setting.

Abstract: A bicycle hub has a hub member and a chain seat. The hub member has an open containing space and a central axis protruding from the containing space. The containing space has a linking ring around the central axis, and the linking ring further has an annular linking toothed portion. An end of the chain seat has an engaging portion with a circular stopper and a circular rib and a driving ring and a first engaging toothed ring. A second engaging toothed ring is installed onto the driving ring and engaging with the first engaging toothed ring, and a driving toothed portion is formed on an outer periphery of the driving ring. A spring is disposed between the top stopping portion and the driving ring, and two ends of the spring are respectively jacketed on to the engaging protrusion and the inserting protrusion.

Abstract: A bicycle hub structure has a hub member, a clutch set, a driving base and a sleeve. The thread angle of the outer threaded section of the driving base is greater than the thread angle of the inner threaded section of the driving central shaft, so that the driving central shaft and the external toothed coupling collar have a coupling state instantly which greatly reduces the actuation stroke of the clutch set, improves the smoothness of driving and the sensitivity of the hub member.

Abstract: A bicycle hub apparatus may comprise a wheel hub, a freewheel and a driving base. The freewheel comprises a first chainwheel and a second chainwheel, a first elastic piece, and a second elastic piece. A lateral surface of the first chainwheel comprises a first teeth while a lateral surface of the second chianwheel has a third teeth, and the first teeth is configured to engage with the third teeth to have a synchronous rotation in clockwise direction. Also, the other lateral surface of the first chainwheel has a second teeth while the other lateral surface of the second chainwheel comprises a fourth teeth such that when the first chainwheel and the second chainwheel are rolled over, the second teeth is adapted to engage with the fourth teeth to have a synchronous rotation in counterclockwise direction.

Abstract: A reinforcement for a hub ratchet base comprising a chain-ring and a ratchet ring. The chain-ring is made of an aluminum material having a chain-ring socket and an assembly shaft. The ratchet ring is made of a metal material with high hardness which can be the titanium alloy material or the chrome-molybdenum steel material. The ratchet ring has an engaging slot corresponding to the assembly shaft of the chain-ring. There are at least three connecting slots disposed on the ratchet ring for accepting at least three ratchet members and at least three corresponding elastic members. Each of the connecting slots of the ratchet ring has a pivoting portion on an end for engaging with a ratchet member and an engaging portion on another end for engaging with an elastic member such that the elastic member pushes against a bottom portion of the ratchet member.

Abstract: A bicycle hub apparatus may comprise a hub body, a freewheel shell and an elastic spacer. The hub body has an axial hub axle, and an end of the hub body comprises an open-ended connecting space. A driving ring having a plurality of first driving teeth is installed inside the connecting space. The freewheel shell mounted on the hub axle of the hub body has an open-ended connecting recess, and a coupling ring received inside the connecting recess comprises a plurality of second driving teeth which are configured to engage with the first driving teeth. The elastic spacer secured in the connecting recess is coupled with an inner surface of the coupling ring. With the elastic spacer, the second driving teeth can firmly engage with the first driving teeth of the driving ring when a bicyclist pedaling in the forward direction.

Abstract: A bicycle hub apparatus may comprise a wheel hub, a hub body for installing a sprocket, and a one-way bearing unit positioned between the wheel hub and the hub body. A connecting housing is formed at a lateral end of the wheel hub, and a shaft axially protrudes from a central portion of the connecting housing. A driving ring made of high-strength material is securely positioned in the connecting housing, and a driving surface is formed on an inner periphery of the driving ring. The hub body adapted to connect to the wheel hub comprises a gear sleeve and a driving sleeve which are made of high-strength material to make the bicycle hub apparatus lightweight and prevent the wheel hub and the hub body from worn by the bearing unit, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

Abstract: A reinforcement for a hub ratchet base comprising a chain-ring and a ratchet ring. The chain-ring is made of an aluminum material having a chain-ring socket and an assembly shaft. The ratchet ring is made of a metal material with high hardness which can be the titanium alloy material or the chrome-molybdenum steel material. The ratchet ring has an engaging slot corresponding to the assembly shaft of the chain-ring. There are at least three connecting slots disposed on the ratchet ring for accepting at least three ratchet members and at least three corresponding elastic members. Each of the connecting slots of the ratchet ring has a pivoting portion on an end for engaging with a ratchet member and an engaging portion on another end for engaging with an elastic member such that the elastic member pushes against a bottom portion of the ratchet member.

Abstract: A bicycle hub apparatus may comprise a hub body, a freewheel shell and an elastic spacer. The hub body has an axial hub axle, and an end of the hub body comprises an open-ended connecting space. A driving ring having a plurality of first driving teeth is installed inside the connecting space. The freewheel shell mounted on the hub axle of the hub body has an open-ended connecting recess, and a coupling ring received inside the connecting recess comprises a plurality of second driving teeth which are configured to engage with the first driving teeth. The elastic spacer secured in the connecting recess is coupled with an inner surface of the coupling ring. With the elastic spacer, the second driving teeth can firmly engage with the first driving teeth of the driving ring when a bicyclist pedaling in the forward direction.

Abstract: An improved wheel hub may include a hub body, a freewheel unit, a connecting sleeve and an external freewheel. The connecting sleeve connects to the ratchet sleeve of the hub body in order to provide more space for the external freewheel. With the design of the connecting sleeve and the external freewheel unit, the hub body loaded with more smaller freewheels provides more pedaling speeds for a bicycle travelling downhill. When cycling downhill by using the smaller diameters of the sprockets, the smaller sprockets of the external freewheel can help a cyclist to maintain an optimum pedaling speed in a slopy terrain, and the speed of the bicycle can be easily controlled.

Abstract: A bicycle hub apparatus may include a hub body and a freewheel body, and a first driving ring, a second driving ring, and third driving ring are sequentially located between the hub body and the freewheel body. The second driving ring is coupled inside the first driving ring to rotate around a shaft of the hub body simultaneously. A second lateral surface of the second driving ring facing to the third driving ring has a plurality of first engaging teeth, and a plurality of second engaging teeth protruding from a first surface of the third driving ring which faces to the second driving ring is configured to engage with the first engaging teeth of the second driving ring. The number of the second engaging teeth is a multiple of the first engaging teeth, to improve the engagement between the first engaging teeth and the second engaging teeth.

Abstract: A bicycle hub apparatus may include a hub body, a driving ring, a freewheel body, and a ratchet unit. A plurality of driving teeth are sequentially formed around an inner periphery of the driving ring. Since the separated distances between two adjacent driving teeth is smaller, the driving ring comprises more driving teeth, and the number thereof is up to 155 teeth. Also, the ratchet unit comprises a plurality of engaging pieces, and each of the engaging pieces has numerous engaging teeth, and the sizes thereof are corresponding to the driving teeth. As a result, the bicycle hub apparatus in the present invention improves the efficiency of engaging process between the engaging teeth and the driving teeth, and further lowers the possibility of missing step and the risk of use.

Abstract: An improved knife sharpener may include a hub body, a freewheel unit, a connecting sleeve and an external freewheel. The connecting sleeve connects to the ratchet sleeve of the hub body in order to provide more space for the external freewheel. With the design of the connecting sleeve and the external freewheel unit, the hub body loaded with more smaller freewheels provides more pedaling speeds for a bicycle travelling downhill. When cycling downhill by using the smaller diameters of the sprockets, the smaller sprockets of the external freewheel can help a cyclist to maintain an optimum pedaling speed in a slopy terrain, and the speed of the bicycle can be easily controlled.

Abstract: A bicycle hub assembly includes a hub shell defining a toothed drive member mounting hole and a locating groove, a locating member having a positioning portion accommodated in the locating groove of the hub shell, and a toothed drive member having a first locating portion fastened to the positioning portion of the locating member and a plurality of teeth. In an alternate form of the invention, the bicycle hub assembly includes a hub shell defining therein a toothed drive member mounting hole and a plug hole; a locating member having a positioning portion and a plug portion that is plugged into the plug hole of the hub shell, and a toothed drive member having a first locating portion fastened to the positioning portion of the locating member and a plurality of teeth formed therein.

Abstract: A bicycle hub assembly includes an axle, a first axle bearing having an inner race sleeved on the axle and an outer race, a second axle bearing having an inner race sleeved on the axle and an outer race, an axle sleeve unit including first and second inner race stopping portions respectively stopped against the inner race of the first axle bearing and the inner race of the second axle bearing, one of both of the first and second inner race stopping portions being made in the form of a flange, a hub shell unit including a hub shell connected to the outer race of the first axle bearing and a driven portion, and a driving unit connected to the outer race of the second axle bearing and including a driving member for rotating the driven portion of the hub shell unit.