Abstract: An organic device including at least two electrodes; at least one organic active layer, wherein the organic active layer is disposed in between two electrodes; and an electrode modification layer, wherein the electrode modification layer is disposed in between two electrodes and in contact with one of the electrodes; and the electrode modification layer includes a fluorocarbon compound selected from the materials having a chemical structure of (CxFy)n, wherein the “x”, “y”, and “n” are integers, and wherein 1<x?70, 1<y?50, and n?1.

Abstract: A display for producing either visible or invisible images to the human eyes comprising a plurality of pixels wherein each of the pixels includes one or more visible radiation subpixels capable of producing visible radiations to the human eyes and at least one invisible radiation subpixel capable of producing invisible radiations to the human eyes; and means for selectively operating the display to activate either visible or invisible radiation subpixels to respectively producing visible or invisible images to the human eyes.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying a plurality of vertically hanging trays includes a vertical rotating means comprising a first pair of rotating chains carrying the plurality of trays at respective tray apexes and a second pair of rotating chains carrying the trays at respective bases, the first and second pairs of rotating chains being operatively coupled. The apparatus may be used in a furnace, a cleaning apparatus and a combined furnace/cleaning apparatus as well as in medical and other applications.

Abstract: An OLED device comprising an anode and a cathode spaced from the anode, two EL units disposed between the anode and cathode, such EL units being in contact with each other and each having at least one light emitting layer; and each EL unit further includes a p-type doped organic hole transporting layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the anode, and an n-type doped organic electron transporting layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the cathode.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate, an anode and a cathode disposed over the substrate, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode wherein the light-emitting layer includes a host and at least one dopant. The host of the light-emitting layer is selected to include a solid organic material including a mixture of at least two components wherein the first host component is an organic compound capable of transporting electrical charges and also forms an aggregate, and the second component of the mixture is an organic compound capable, of transporting electrical charges and, upon mixing with the first host component, is capable of forming a continuous and substantially pin-hole-free layer. The dopant of the light-emitting layer is selected to collect excitons and produce colored light, and an electron-transporting layer is disposed between the light-emitting layer and the cathode for providing improved electron injection and transport.

Abstract: A tandem white OLED includes an anode; a cathode; at least one broadband electroluminescent unit disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the broadband electroluminescent unit includes at least one light-emitting layer and produces at least one color component having an intensity less than desired; at least one color-compensating electroluminescent unit disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the color-compensating electroluminescent unit is selected to produce the at least one color component and to increase the color component intensity; and an intermediate connector disposed between each adjacent electroluminescent unit, wherein the intermediate connector has no direct connection to an external power source.

Abstract: A tandem white OLED device includes an anode, a cathode, and a plurality of organic electroluminescence units disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein each organic electroluminescence unit includes at least one light-emitting layer, and wherein each organic electroluminescence unit emits white light. The device also includes an intermediate connector disposed between each adjacent organic electroluminescence unit, wherein the intermediate connector includes at least two different layers, and wherein the intermediate connector has no direct connection to an external power source.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate, an anode and a cathode disposed over the substrate, and a light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode wherein the light-emitting layer includes a host and at least one dopant. The host of the light-emitting layer is selected to include a solid organic material including a mixture of at least two components wherein the first host component is an organic compound capable of transporting electrical charges and also forms an aggregate, and the second component of the mixture is an organic compound capable of transporting electrical charges and, upon mixing with the first host component, is capable of forming a continuous and substantially pin-hole-free layer. The dopant of the light-emitting layer is selected to collect excitons and produce colored light, and an electron-transporting layer is disposed between the light-emitting layer and the cathode for providing improved electron injection and transport.

Abstract: A tandem OLED includes an anode, a cathode, and a plurality of organic electroluminescent units disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein each organic electroluminescent unit includes at least one light-emitting layer, and an intermediate connector disposed between each adjacent organic electroluminescent unit, wherein the intermediate connector includes at least a high work function metal layer having a work function of no less than 4.0 eV and a metal compound layer, wherein the intermediate connector has a sheet resistance of higher than 100 k? per square, and wherein the high work function metal layer improves the operational stability of the OLED.

Abstract: A process for forming a film of the facial-isomer of an aluminum trisquinoline complex comprises depositing a film of an aluminum trisquinoline complex on a support, depositing an inert barrier layer over the layer of aluminum trisquinoline complex that encapsulates aluminum trisquinoline complex to form a multilayer composite, and then heating the composite at a temperature below the melting point temperature of the complex for a time sufficient to convert the aluminum trisquinoline complex to at least 99 mol % of the facial-isomer that fluoresces with a maximum emission intensity below 510 nm. The product has a blue hue.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprises a layer containing a naphthalene compound represented by Formula (1), wherein: each R1 and R2 represents an independently selected substituent provided that adjacent substituents may join to form a ring; p and w independently are 0-3; the amine nitrogens on the naphthalene nucleus are located on separate rings; m and n independently are 0, 1 or 2; each Arb represents an independently selected aromatic group; and each Ara represents an independently selected phenylene, biphenylene or naphthalene group; provided that at least one R1 or R2 substituent of the naphthalene compound represented by Formula (1) is a sterically bulky substituent.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrode including providing a plurality of evaporation materials in solid-state forms, wherein the differences of the vapor pressure between each of the evaporation materials are within two orders of magnitudes at a selected evaporation temperature and placing the evaporation materials into a single evaporation source in an evaporation chamber. The method also includes pumping the evaporation chamber down to a predetermined vacuum condition and heating the evaporation source to a predetermined temperature and evaporating the materials to form the electrode.

Abstract: A full-color organic display for displaying a color image, including an array of pixels arranged in repeating patterns, wherein each pixel has red, green, and blue light-emitting subpixels, and wherein each red and green light-emitting subpixel contains only one EL unit, while each blue light-emitting subpixel contains more than one vertically stacked EL unit.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate, an anode, and a cathode disposed over the substrate, and a luminescent layer disposed between the anode and the cathode wherein the luminescent layer includes a host and at least one dopant. The host of the luminescent layer is selected to include a solid organic material comprising a mixture of at least two components, wherein the first component is an organic compound containing an aminoanthracene.

Abstract: A furnace for energy saving and space reduction used in electronic industry assembly, medical sterilization, or food process application is provided. In the furnace there is a number of trays hinged on a pair of continuous chains which movement is in a circle or oval trajectory, or on the rotating beam mechanism constituting as spider web form. A pair of rings is added to restrain the swing movement of each tray via the mechanical linkage during rotation. A dome formed at the top portion inside the furnace is used as an enclosure where the heated inert gas is almost kept. The electric power for heater and blower can be reduced by the natural convection. An opening is located at the lower portion of the furnace; so the operator can do loading and unloading performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electroluminescent device comprising a cathode, an anode, and located therebetween a light emitting layer (LEL) containing (1) a host material that comprises a N,N,N?,N?-tetra-aromatic benzidine group substituted in at least one position ortho to the biphenyl linkage between the phenyl groups of the benzidine nucleus and (2) a phosphorescent light emitting material, wherein the triplet state energy of the benzidine nucleus is higher than the triplet state energy of the phosphorescent emitting material.

Abstract: An OLED device is described comprising a substrate having thereon a cascaded organic electroluminescent device comprising: a) an anode; b) a cathode; c) a plurality of cascaded organic electroluminescent units disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein each organic electroluminescent unit includes at least one light-emitting layer and wherein the plurality of cascaded units includes at least two units that emit light of different colors; and d) a connecting unit disposed between each adjacent cascaded organic electroluminescent unit; and e) a colored filter that filters the emitted light.