Abstract: A triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) is described. The TPMS is adjustable and tunable depending on desired breathability, vibration performance, weight reduction, pressure distribution, and the like. The TPMS may be used in a cushion of a passenger seat. The cushion may be used for one or more locations of the passenger seat, including a head rest cushion, a back rest cushion, a seat pan cushion, and the like. the TPMS may include a cylindrical gyroid. Each of the cushions may include multiple of the cylindrical gyroids.

Abstract: An upholstery is described. The upholstery includes a dress cover which covers a cushion. Artificial muscles are incorporated into the dress cover. The artificial muscles improve the pressure distribution between a passenger and the cushion. The artificial muscles are yarns which change length in response to receiving a voltage differential. The change in length of the yarns causes the dress cover to bulge. The bulge of the dress cover then allows the cushion to expand thereby changing the stiffness of the cushion. The voltage differential across the yarns is adjusted to accommodate passengers with a range of weights. The upholstery is applied across an aircraft cabin in seat pans, seat backs, head rests, and leg rests.

Abstract: A triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) is described. The TPMS is adjustable and tunable depending on desired breathability, vibration performance, weight reduction, pressure distribution, and the like. The TPMS may be used in a cushion of a passenger seat. The cushion may be used for one or more locations of the passenger seat, including a head rest cushion, a back rest cushion, a seat pan cushion, and the like. the TPMS may include a cylindrical gyroid. Each of the cushions may include multiple of the cylindrical gyroids.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a cushion material is disclosed. The cushion material is configured to be 3D-printable. The cushion material includes a plurality of gyroid lattice structures configured to be 3D-printable. The plurality of gyroid lattice structures are aligned along, and with respect to, a surface of the cushion material. In some embodiments, a method for providing a cushion material that is capable of being 3D printed is disclosed. The method includes generating a design of the cushion material comprising a variable mechanical stiffness across a surface of the cushion material. The method further includes producing the cushion material via additive manufacturing based on the design. Generating the design includes generating a layout design of a plurality of tube-like shaped gyroid lattice structures of the cushion material aligned with the surface of the cushion material.