Abstract: A positioning aid includes an opening configured to be inserted a distal end portion of an endoscope; and an alignment portion configured to be aligned with a particular alignment subject on a distal end surface of the endoscope. The alignment portion is configured to line up with the particular alignment subject in a longitudinal direction of the endoscope in a state where the endoscope inserted into the opening and a guide sheath are arranged to have a particular positional relationship in a circumferential direction about a longitudinal axis of the endoscope.

Abstract: A medical device including: an insertion portion configured to be inserted into a body; and a sheet provided at a distal end of the insertion portion, the sheet being configured to cover a body wall. The sheet including: an attaching portion provided around a periphery of the sheet, the attaching portion being configured to directly contact with the body wall; and a notifying portion for notifying a surgeon that an incision has been made through the body wall and towards a surface of the sheet.

Abstract: A treatment device includes a narrow main unit, an end effector, a rolling joint provided between the end effector and the main unit, a driven joint that is provided at the end effector or between the end effector and the rolling joint and that rotates together with the rolling joint about a longitudinal axis, power transmission members that extend parallel to each other from the driven joint to the main unit, position maintaining portions that maintains the power transmission members at two positions located between the driven joint and the main unit and separated from each other by a certain distance in a direction of the longitudinal axis, and a shaft member disposed along the longitudinal axis between the two positions. The position maintaining portion maintains the power transmission members at predetermined relative positions separated from each other by the certain distance in a circumferential direction of the shaft member.

Abstract: The medical apparatus includes an endoscope 2, a manipulator 3 having at least one degree of freedom, a flexible cylindrical sheath 4 mounted on an outer circumference of the manipulator 3, a treatment tool 5 inserted through the sheath 4, and an endoscope/manipulator operating unit 11 for independent operation of the endoscope 2 and manipulator 3.