Abstract: To keep plant performance constant in a control apparatus for controlling a plant including a plurality of units. The control apparatus (a PCM) controls an automobile including a plurality of units. The control apparatus includes a model controller that generates a target value of a characteristic to be achieved by each unit based on a model set for each unit, a unit specifier (a performance change determinator) that specifies a unit in which performance unique to the unit has changed among the units, and a target value corrector (an FF updater) that corrects the target value for the unit that has been specified by the unit specifier.

Abstract: Provided herein is a gas-generating composition which forms combustion residues that can be easily captured. The gas-generating composition is composed of an azide of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, oxidizer, and 0.1 to 10 wt % of one or two kinds of solder glass represented by BaO. SiO.sub.2. PbO. Alkali or B.sub.2 O.sub.3. TiO.sub.2. SiO.sub.2. Na.sub.2 O. The incorporation of solder glass reduces the weight of the filter to capture combustion residues by 5 to 30 wt %.