Abstract: Heat exchange apparatuses and methods for hyperbaric cooling fan applications such as computing devices. The apparatus comprises a material with high thermal conductivity and is configured to be overlaid on an internal surface of the housing, such that an internal surface of the apparatus is exposed to the hot air flowing inside the housing, and an external surface of the apparatus occludes at least some of the existing through-holes of the housing. In operation, the apparatus converts the through-holes into passive heat exchanging regions that passively transfer heat from inside the housing to outside the housing, which brings the internal air temperature and junction temperature (Tj) of the heat generating components down. Provided embodiments do not require reworking of the original industrial design (ID) of the housing.

Abstract: A pixel array includes scan lines, data lines, sub-pixel units, capacitor electrode line sets, and connecting structure sets that are all disposed on a substrate. Each sub-pixel unit has at least one active device and at least one pixel electrode electrically connected to the active device, and the active device is electrically connected to one of the scan lines and one of the data lines. Each capacitor electrode line set has N capacitor electrode lines, the N capacitor electrode lines partially overlap with the pixel electrode of each of the sub-pixel units to form a plurality of storage capacitors, and N?2. The N capacitor electrode lines in each capacitor electrode line set are electrically connected to one another by each connecting structure set, and there is no connecting structure located between the capacitor electrode line sets having the connecting structures therein.

Abstract: A pixel array includes scan lines, data lines, sub-pixel units, capacitor electrode line sets, and connecting structure sets that are all disposed on a substrate. Each sub-pixel unit has at least one active device and at least one pixel electrode electrically connected to the active device, and the active device is electrically connected to one of the scan lines and one of the data lines. Each capacitor electrode line set has N capacitor electrode lines, the N capacitor electrode lines partially overlap with the pixel electrode of each of the sub-pixel units to form a plurality of storage capacitors, and N?2. The N capacitor electrode lines in each capacitor electrode line set are electrically connected to one another by each connecting structure set, and there is no connecting structure located between the capacitor electrode line sets having the connecting structures therein.