Abstract: A method may include forming a mask layer on top of a first dielectric layer formed on a first source/drain and a second source/drain, and creating an opening in the mask layer and the first dielectric layer that exposes portions of the first source/drain and the second source/drain. The method may include filling the opening with a metal layer that covers the exposed portions of the first source/drain and the second source/drain, and forming a gap in the metal layer to create a first metal contact and a second metal contact. The first metal contact may electrically couple to the first source/drain and the second metal contact may electrically couple to the second source/drain. The gap may separate the first metal contact from the second metal contact by less than nineteen nanometers.

Abstract: A surface adaptation method suitable for a vehicle includes evaluating a plurality of longitudinal forces with respect to a plurality of sampling points, evaluating a plurality of wheel slips with respect to the plurality of sampling points, determining a maximum longitudinal force from the plurality of longitudinal forces, and determining a wheel slip threshold from the plurality of wheel slips. The wheel slip threshold corresponds to the maximum longitudinal force.

Abstract: A method for tire force reserve estimation is applicable to a vehicle. In the method, vehicle motion information including the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, the change of the tire rotation angle at different times, the change of the yaw at different times, the steering angle of the steering tires, etc. is continuously detected, for estimating the current normal force, the current longitudinal force and the current lateral force of each of the tires. Finally, the current normal force, the current longitudinal force, the current lateral force and the coefficient of friction of the road relative to the tires are applied to estimate the longitudinal tire force reserve and the lateral tire force reserve.

Abstract: A surface adaptation method suitable for a vehicle includes evaluating a plurality of longitudinal forces with respect to a plurality of sampling points, evaluating a plurality of wheel slips with respect to the plurality of sampling points, determining a maximum longitudinal force from the plurality of longitudinal forces, and determining a wheel slip threshold from the plurality of wheel slips. The wheel slip threshold corresponds to the maximum longitudinal force.

Abstract: An all-optical neural network that utilizes light beams and optical components to implement layers of the neural network is disclosed herein. The all-optical neural network includes an input layer, zero or more hidden layers, and an output layer. Each layer of the neural network is configured to simulate linear and nonlinear operations of a conventional artificial neural network neuron on an optical signal. In an embodiment, the optical linear operation is performed by a spatial light modulator and an optical lens. The optical lens performs a Fourier transformation on the set of light beams and sums light beams with similar propagation orientations. The optical nonlinear operation is implemented utilizing a nonlinear optical medium having an electromagnetically induced transparency characteristic whose transmission of a probe beam of light is controlled by the intermediate output of a coupling beam of light from the optical linear operation.

Abstract: A method for tire force reserve estimation is applicable to a vehicle. In the method, vehicle motion information including the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, the change of the tire rotation angle at different times, the change of the yaw at different times, the steering angle of the steering tires, etc. is continuously detected, for estimating the current normal force, the current longitudinal force and the current lateral force of each of the tires. Finally, the current normal force, the current longitudinal force, the current lateral force and the coefficient of friction of the road relative to the tires are applied to estimate the longitudinal tire force reserve and the lateral tire force reserve.

Abstract: Systems and methods utilize an all-or-none switchover to prevent split-brain problems in a Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group (MC-LAG) network. A standby node in the MC-LAG network can perform the steps of remaining in a standby state responsive to a loss of adjacency with an active node, wherein, in the standby state, all standby links between the standby node and a common endpoint are non-distributing; monitoring frames transmitted by the common endpoint to the standby node over the standby links; and determining based on the monitoring frames whether all active links between the active node and the common endpoint have failed and entering an active state with all the standby links distributing based thereon.

Abstract: Systems and methods utilize an all-or-none switchover to prevent split-brain problems in a Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group (MC-LAG) network. A standby node in the MC-LAG network can perform the steps of remaining in a standby state responsive to a loss of adjacency with an active node, wherein, in the standby state, all standby links between the standby node and a common endpoint are non-distributing; monitoring frames transmitted by the common endpoint to the standby node over the standby links; and determining based on the monitoring frames whether all active links between the active node and the common endpoint have failed and entering an active state with all the standby links distributing based thereon.

Abstract: Systems and methods for L2 Ethernet resilient hand-off include an access network configured between a first end point and a second end point, a first communication path and a second communication path for data flow between the first end point and the second end point, wherein the first communication path is active and the second communication path is inactive, and if a fault is detected in the first communication path, logic configured to activate the second communication path and perform a resilient hand-off of the data flow from the first communication path to the second communication path.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to configuring an internetworking of a first network and a second network. Data representing one or more network events is received at a network element, data representing one or more actions to be performed by the second network in response to detection of the one or more events on the first network is received at the network element, and a mapping of the one or more network events to the one or more actions is stored by the network element.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for overlaying multisource media in VRAM are described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for L2 Ethernet resilient hand-off include an access network configured between a first end point and a second end point, a first communication path and a second communication path for data flow between the first end point and the second end point, wherein the first communication path is active and the second communication path is inactive, and if a fault is detected in the first communication path, logic configured to activate the second communication path and perform a resilient hand-off of the data flow from the first communication path to the second communication path.

Abstract: Systems and methods for L2 Ethernet resilient hand-off include an access network configured between a first end point and a second end point, a first communication path and a second communication path for data flow between the first end point and the second end point, wherein the first communication path is active and the second communication path is inactive, and if a fault is detected in the first communication path, logic configured to activate the second communication path and perform a resilient hand-off of the data flow from the first communication path to the second communication path.

Abstract: An air-fuel parameter control system includes an injector, an air-fuel parameter sensor, a fuel film parameter calculation module, an air-fuel parameter prediction module and a fuel injection calibration module. The injector injects fuel into an intake manifold. The air-fuel parameter sensor detects a detected air-fuel parameter in an exhaust pipe. The fuel film parameter calculation module calculates a fuel film parameter relating to a fuel film accumulated the intake manifold based on the detected air-fuel parameter, an amount of the injected fuel and an amount of air flowing into the engine. The air-fuel parameter prediction module predicts a predicted air-fuel parameter based on the detected air-fuel parameter and the fuel film parameter. The fuel injection calibration module calibrates the amount of the injected fuel based on a difference between a reference air-fuel parameter and the predicted air-fuel parameter.

Abstract: An air-fuel parameter control system includes an injector, an air-fuel parameter sensor, a fuel film parameter calculation module, an air-fuel parameter prediction module and a fuel injection calibration module. The injector injects fuel into an intake manifold. The air-fuel parameter sensor detects a detected air-fuel parameter in an exhaust pipe. The fuel film parameter calculation module calculates a fuel film parameter relating to a fuel film accumulated the intake manifold based on the detected air-fuel parameter, an amount of the injected fuel and an amount of air flowing into the engine. The air-fuel parameter prediction module predicts a predicted air-fuel parameter based on the detected air-fuel parameter and the fuel film parameter. The fuel injection calibration module calibrates the amount of the injected fuel based on a difference between a reference air-fuel parameter and the predicted air-fuel parameter.

Abstract: A wearable dining utensil comprises a rigid function portion for engaging food, a holder for holding the dining utensil, a shapeable connector having a third linking part and a fourth linking part for fixing a bendable portion, and a fifth linking part having an outlet for linking with the fourth linking part. One end of the rigid function portion also serves as a male linker and the opposite end has a first linking part. One end of the holder serves as a female linker for linking with the male linker, and the opposite end has a second linking part. When the female linker is linked with the male linker, the dining utensil forms a loop, and when the outlet is linked with the fourth linking part, the dining utensil forms a regular utensil. According to various connecting profiles, the dining utensils can form a bracelet, necklace or an ornament.

Abstract: Systems and methods for L2 Ethernet resilient hand-off include an access network configured between a first end point and a second end point, a first communication path and a second communication path for data flow between the first end point and the second end point, wherein the first communication path is active and the second communication path is inactive, and if a fault is detected in the first communication path, logic configured to activate the second communication path and perform a resilient hand-off of the data flow from the first communication path to the second communication path.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch. The switch includes an ownership management mechanism and a notification mechanism. The ownership management mechanism maintains a local ownership association between the switch, and a medium access control (MAC) address learned at the switch and terminates the local ownership association for the MAC address. The notification mechanism generates a first notification indicating the local ownership association and a second notification indicating the termination of the local ownership association.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to configuring an internetworking of a first network and a second network. Data representing one or more network events is received at a network element, data representing one or more actions to be performed by the second network in response to detection of the one or more events on the first network is received at the network element, and a mapping of the one or more network events to the one or more actions is stored by the network element.

Abstract: A wearable dining utensil comprises a rigid function portion for engaging food, a holder for holding the dining utensil, a shapeable connector having a third linking part and a fourth linking part for fixing a bendable portion, and a fifth linking part having an outlet for linking with the fourth linking part. One end of the rigid function portion also serves as a male linker and the opposite end has a first linking part. One end of the holder serves as a female linker for linking with the male linker, and the opposite end has a second linking part. When the female linker is linked with the male linker, the dining utensil forms a loop, and when the outlet is linked with the fourth linking part, the dining utensil forms a regular utensil. According to various connecting profiles, the dining utensils can form a bracelet, necklace or an ornament.