Abstract: A frequency modulated ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus for bone fractures and a method for generating frequency modulated ultrasonic waves are revealed. The frequency modulated ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus includes a control interface, a control unit, a waveform generator circuit and a transducer. The control interface is used to set a plurality of parameters. The control unit coupled to the control interface generates a control signal according to those parameters. The waveform generator circuit is coupled to the control unit and is generating a waveform signal according to the control signal. The transducer converts the waveform signal and produces an ultrasonic wave. The present invention provides different parameters for modulating a frequency of ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic waves with different frequencies are used to treat bone fractures during the bone healing process of living animals. Thus the fracture healing is speeded up and the recovery time is reduced.

Abstract: A signal readout circuit comprises a first amplifier, a second amplifier and first to fourth transistors. The signal readout circuit has a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The signal readout circuit applied in a wide current-sensing range of amperometric chemical sensing. The readout circuit may be applied in electrochemical sensing such as glucose, so as to read out a current signal of an amperometric sensor. Through a design of low input impedance, sensing signals in a wide current range can be sensed in the readout circuit. Also, a current mirror structure is used to copy the input current to an output current, such that an output signal range of the output signals of the current circuit is not limited by a supplied voltage.

Abstract: A signal readout circuit comprises a first amplifier, a second amplifier and first to fourth transistors. The signal readout circuit has a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The signal readout circuit applied in a wide current-sensing range of amperometric chemical sensing. The readout circuit may be applied in electrochemical sensing such as glucose, so as to read out a current signal of an amperometric sensor. Through a design of low input impedance, sensing signals in a wide current range can be sensed in the readout circuit. Also, a current mirror structure is used to copy the input current to an output current, such that an output signal range of the output signals of the current circuit is not limited by a supplied voltage.

Abstract: A multi-level comparator with fixed power consumption is disclosed. By using the switch character of differential pair and parallelizing single side of common source amplifier with multi-level input, the power of the multi-level comparator can be fixed by the current bias. This result shows that the multi-level comparator is able to heighten input stages at fixed power. Therefore, the multi-level comparator has the functionalities of several different comparators while maintaining fixed power consumption.