Abstract: There are disclosed novel compounds, liquid crystal compositions, polymers, optically anisotropic products, and optical or liquid crystal elements that have large refractive index anisotropy, mix easily with other liquid crystals, have advantageous stability against light, and exhibit absorption at practically short wavelength in the ultraviolet region. The compounds are represented by the formula (1) and have a phenylacetylene structure, wherein difference ?E in energy of HOMO of parts (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) calculated by the method of molecular orbitals is not less than 0.3 electronvolt, and the polarizability anisotropy ?? of a molecule represented by the formula (1) calculated in the same way is not lower than 500 A.U.: (A1 to A4: H, F, alkyl or alkoxy group of C1 to C10 optionally substituted with F; P1, P2: structure fulfilling the conditions of HOMO energy and polarizability).

Abstract: There are disclosed novel compounds, liquid crystal compositions, polymers, optically anisotropic producgs, and optical or liquid crystal elements that have large refractive index anisotropy, mix easily with other liquid crystals, have advantageous stability against light, and exhibit absorption at practically short wavelength in the ultraviolet region. The compounds are represented by the formula (1) and have a phenylacetylene structure, wherein difference &Dgr;E in energy of HOMO of parts (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) calculated by the method of molecular orbitals is not less than 0.3 electronvolt, and the polarizability anisotropy &Dgr;&agr; of a molecule represented by the formula (1) calculated in the same way is not lower than 500 A.U.

Abstract: A polymer compound comprising at least one repeating unit selected from the group of repeating units shown by formula (1) or formula (2), 1

Abstract: Phenylacetylene compounds are disclosed which are expected to exhibit high refractive index anisotropy, easy to mix with other liquid crystal compounds, has advantageous stability against light, and may be used as a material for producing various films and the like. The compounds are represented by the formula (1): wherein A1 to A12: H, F, etc.; B1, B2: H, CH3; p, q, r, s , t: 0 or 1, provided that when q=0, at least one of A2 and A4 to A10 stands for a C1 to C10 alkyl or alkoxy group optionally substituted with at least one F; m, n: an integer of 0 to 14, provided that when s=1, n is not 0, and when t=1, m is not 0; W: —CH2CH2—, —C≡C—.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer compound having a polystyrene reduced number average molecular weight of 103-108, and comprising a repeating unit represented by the below formula (1-1) or (1-2), 1

Abstract: The present invention provides novel phenylacetylene compounds, liquid crystal compositions having a large refractive index anisotropy (&Dgr;n), and liquid crystal elements produced with the same.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel compounds, liquid crystal compositions, polymers, optically anisotropic products, and optical or liquid crystal elements that have large refractive index anisotropy, mix easily with other liquid crystals, have advantageous stability against light, and exhibit absorption at practically short wavelength in the ultraviolet region. The compounds are represented by the formula (1) and have a phenylacetylene structure, wherein difference &Dgr;E in energy of HOMO of parts (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) calculated by the method of molecular orbitals is not less than 0.3 electronvolt, and the polarizability anisotropy &Dgr;&agr; of a molecule represented by the formula (1) calculated in the same way is not lower than 500 A.U.

Abstract: Phenylacetylene compounds are disclosed which are expected to exhibit high refractive index anisotropy, easy to mix with other liquid crystal compounds, has advantageous stability against light, and may be used as a material for producing various films and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel phenylacetylene compounds, liquid crystal compositions having a large refractive index anisotropy (&Dgr;n), and liquid crystal elements produced with the same.

Abstract: A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal mixture comprising at least one compound of the formula (I): wherein R11 and R12 represent, independently each other, a C1-C20 alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxyalkyl group which may be substituted by at least one halogen atom and may have an unsaturated bond; A11, A12 and A13 represent, independently each other, a phenylene group which may be substituted by a fluorine atom, or the like; * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom; Z is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; n is an integer of 0 to 10; r, s, t and u are each 0 or 1, provided that when u is 1, the compound (I) is a trans-olefin, and at least one compound of the formula (II): wherein R21 is a saturated or unsaturated C3-C20 alkyl group or a saturated or unsaturated C3-C20 alkoxyalkyl group; A21, A22 and A23 represent, independently each other, a phenylene group which may be substituted by a fluorine atom or the like; X2 is —C≡C— or the like; Z is a hydrogen atom or

Abstract: Provide is a novel phenylacetylene compound (1) which has a large anisotropy of refractive index, tends to be mixed with other liquid crystals, and is more advantageous in stability to light, a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal element usable for an optical shutter, a display element, ##STR1## A.sup.1 to A.sup.12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one is an alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to trans-olefin compounds represented by the general formula (1) useful as an ingredient of liquid crystal composition, trans-olefin compounds useful as intermediate of pesticides, medical drugs, liquid crystal materials and the like, a process for producing those trans-olefin compounds, a liquid crystal composition containing the trans-olefin compound as an active ingredient, and a liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition. ##STR1## (In the general formula (1), R.sup.1, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, Z and R.sup.2 are same as defined in the specification. Also, m, p, q, n, r, s and t are each an integer as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A liquid crystal mixture containing a compound of the formula (1) as an essential component, which has a large birefringence (.DELTA.n), an increased upper limit temperature of nematic phase and a widened temperature range of nematic phase, and a decreased responsiveness parameter.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing optically active compound represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 alkyl group or a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 alkoxyalkyl group; A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 independently represent one of the following groups: ##STR2## provided that, when A.sup.1 is a condensed ring group, a sum of p and q is 0 or 1 and A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 are both monocyclic groups, or when A.sup.1 is a monocyclic group, a sum of p and q is 1 or 2 with the proviso that when the sum of p and q is 2, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 are both monocyclic groups; X is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH-- or --C.tbd.C--; W is a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom; n is an integer of 1 to 10; m, p and q are each 0 or 1; u and w are each an integer of 0 to 3; and * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom, which is useful as a component of a liquid crystal mixture.

Abstract: A liquid crystal mixture containing (a) at least one compound of a compound of the formula (1): ##STR1## in which R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group, etc.; X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, X.sub.4, Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3 and Y.sub.4 represent, independently each other, CH, CF or N; A is a hydrogen atom, a 4-R.sub.1 -(cycloalkyl) group, etc. in which R.sub. is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group, etc. and p is 0 or 1; and Z is --C.tbd.C-- or a single bond, and (b) at least one compound of the formula (4): ##STR2## wherein rings C, D, E and F represent, independently each other, 1,4-phenylene, etc. which may be substituted by 1, 2 or 3 fluorine atoms; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group, etc.; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a fluoromethyl group, etc.; Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 represent, independently each other, --COO--, --OCO--, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 O--, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkylene group, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkenylene group, etc.

Abstract: Optically active biphenyl derivatives including optically active biphenyl carboxylic acid derivative, hydroxybiphenyl derivative, alkoxybiphenylalkanol derivative and alkoxybiphenylalkanol derivative have the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group of 3-20 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group or alkoxyalkyl group of 1-20 carbon atoms which may optionally be substituted with at least one halogen atom. X represents --O--, --COO-- or --OCO--, m represents 0 or 1, n represents an integer of 1-6 and p represents 0 or 1, and the * mark represents an asymmetric carbon atom. These optically active biphenyl derivatives are useful as a ferroelectric liquid crystal material or its component having a sufficient spontaneous polarization and by which a high speed response is possible and which further exhibits a ferroelectric liquid crystal phase in a temperature region around room temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed in this invention are the phenylpyrimidine derivatives represented by the general formula I: ##STR1## the alcohols represented by the formula: ##STR2## usable as starting material for the preparation of the phenylpyrimidine derivatives, and the processes for preparing such derivatives. The phenylpyrimidine derivatives of the formula I according to the present invention have very excellent properties as a liquid crystal compound and can be utilized effectively for the production of liquid crystal elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to trans-olefin compounds represented by the general formula (1) useful as an ingredient of liquid crystal composition, trans-olefin compounds useful as intermediate of pesticides, medical drugs, liquid crystal materials and the like, a process for producing those trans-olefin compounds, a liquid crystal composition containing the trans-olefin compound as an active ingredient, and a liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition. ##STR1## (In the general formula (1), R.sup.1, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, Z and R.sup.2 are same as defined in the specification. Also, m, p, q, n, r, s and t are each an integer as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal mixture comprising a compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula (II): ##STR2## and a compound of the formula (III): ##STR3##

Abstract: Disclosed in this invention are the phenylpyrimidine derivatives represented by the general formula I: ##STR1## the alcohols represented by the formula: ##STR2## usable as starting material for the preparation of the phenylpyrimidine derivatives, and the processes for preparing such derivatives. The phenylpyrimidine derivatives of the formula I according to the present invention have very excellent properties as a liquid crystal compound and can be utilized effectively for the production of liquid crystal elements.