Abstract: A mould release lubricant comprises of palm-derived base fluid and a specialty additive of satisfactory mould release and lubrication properties such as a tackifier, and if deemed necessary, other additives to improve the lubrication of the mould, is disclosed. The lubricant comprises at least one vegetable base fluid and/or its derivatives having good low temperature fluidity property, and at least one tackifier. The mould release lubricant disclosed in the present invention is used in construction industry (especially concrete construction) for lubrication during the process of detaching the moulded concrete from the mould (formwork) and prevents adhesion of freshly placed concrete to the forming surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of converting free fatty acid (FFA) from oil to methyl ester, the method includes the steps (a) esterifying the FFA using an acidic catalyst dissolved in an alcohol, (b) separating excess alcohol, solid acid catalyst, water, glycerol, soap and other non-lipid soluble impurities from oil obtained from step (a), (c) neutralizing the oil from step (b), (d) drying the oil from step (c) and (e) transesterifying the oil from step (d) using an alkaline catalyst and an alcohol.

Abstract: The processes of producing the low pour point palm diesel particularly but not exclusively via esterification of C18, C18:1 and C18:2 mixed fatty acids with methanol or ethanol, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by crystallization, or crystallization of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or crystallization of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by fractional distillation.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a water-in-oil phase emulsion comprises bio-diesel; water; and at least one type of polymeric surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of converting free fatty acid (FFA) from oil to methyl ester, the method includes the steps (a) esterifying the FFA using an acidic catalyst dissolved in an alcohol, (b) separating excess alcohol, solid acid catalyst, water, glycerol, soap and other non-lipid soluble impurities from oil obtained from step (a), (c) neutralizing the oil from step (b), (d) drying the oil from step (c) and (e) transesterifying the oil from step (d) using an alkaline catalyst and an alcohol.

Abstract: Phytosterols, squalene and Vitamin E are recovered from phytonutrients concentrate derived from crude palm oil by the disclosed invention via esterification, transesterification, vacuum distillation, saponification, crystallization and organic solvents partitioning. Crude palm oil is subjected to esterification and transesterification for the production of crude palm oil methyl esters. Phytonutrients concentrate containing phytosterols, squalene, Vitamin E and unreacted monoglycerides is recovered from crude palm oil methyl esters by multi-stages vacuum distillation in which components with higher molecular weight are filtered during second stage vacuum distillation. The purified phytonutrients concentrate is subjected to saponification process and the unsaponifiable matter is added to a combination of solvents for crystallization of phytosterols. The filtrate enriched in squalene and Vitamin E is separated to its individual squalene-rich layer and vitamin E-rich layer via organic solvents partitioning.

Abstract: The processes of producing the low pour point palm diesel particularly but not exclusively via esterification of C18, C18:1 and C18:2 mixed fatty acids with methanol or ethanol, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by crystallisation, or crystallisation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or crystallisation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by fractional distillation.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a water-in-oil phase emulsion comprises bio-diesel; water; and at least one type of polymeric surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention also discloses the processes of producing the low pour point palm diesel particularly but not exclusively via esterification of C18, C18:1 and C18:2 mixed fatty acids with methanol or ethanol, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by crystallisation, or crystallisation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or crystallisation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by fractional distillation.

Abstract: The present invention also discloses the processes of producing the low pour point palm diesel particularly but not exclusively via esterification of C18, C18:1 and C18:2 mixed fatty acids with methanol or ethanol, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or fractional distillation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by crystallisation, or crystallisation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, or crystallisation of methyl or ethyl esters of palm oil, palm kernel oil and palm oil products, followed by fractional distillation.

Abstract: A method for the chromatographic separation of vitamin E isomers such as &agr;-tocopherol, &bgr;-tocopherol, &ggr;-tocopherol, &dgr;-tocopherol, &agr;-tocotrienol, &bgr;-tocotrienol, &ggr;-tocotrienol and &dgr;-tocotrienol from a vitamin E containing mixture by combining the vitamin E mixture with an adsorbent to effect adsorption of the vitamin E isomers on the adsorbent; and then selectively desorbing the vitamin E isomers from the adsorbent with a solvent under supercritical conditions.

Abstract: A method of chromatographic isolation for non-glyceride components (squalenes, carotenes, vitamin E, sterols and/or the like) from a non-glyceride components-comprising compound by the steps of a. introducing the non-glyceride components-comprising compound onto a selective adsorbent to allow an adsorption of the non-glyceride components, and subsequently b. desorbing the non-glyceride components from the adsorbent, wherein the adsorption and/or desorption of the non-glyceride components is carried out under a supercritical fluid environment.

Abstract: A method for the chromatographic separation of vitamin E isomers such as &agr;-tocopherol &bgr;-tocopherol, &ggr;-tocopherol, &dgr;-tocopherol, &agr;-tocotrienol, &bgr;-tocotrienol, &ggr;-tocotrienol and &dgr;-tocotrienol from a vitamin E containing mixture by combining the vitamin E mixture with an adsorbent to effect adsorption of the vitamin E isomers on the adsorbent; and then selectively desorbing the vitamin E isomers from the adsorbent with a solvent under supercritical conditions.