Abstract: This invention relates to transduction of cargo molecules into living cells, such as protein transduction, in particular a delivery molecule for transduction of a cargo into a cell comprising: a cargo-binding molecule and/or a cargo; a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding element, which is capable of binding to GAG on the surface of the cell; and a protein transduction domain. Methods of transduction, methods of producing or modifying cargo for transduction, delivery molecules for transduction and methods of treatment using transduction, or using transduced cells are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to transduction of cargo molecules into living cells, such as protein transduction, in particular a delivery molecule for transduction of a cargo into a cell comprising: a cargo-binding molecule and/or a cargo; a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding element, which is capable of binding to GAG on the surface of the cell; and a protein transduction domain. Methods of transduction, methods of producing or modifying cargo for transduction, delivery molecules for transduction and methods of treatment using transduction, or using transduced cells are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to transduction of cargo molecules into living cells, such as protein transduction, in particular a delivery molecule for transduction of a cargo into a cell comprising: a cargo-binding molecule and/or a cargo; a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding element, which is capable of binding to GAG on the surface of the cell; and a protein transduction domain. Methods of transduction, methods of producing or modifying cargo for transduction, delivery molecules for transduction and methods of treatment using transduction, or using transduced cells are also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a substrate for cell culture comprising a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises —a homopolymer formed from a monomer of formula (Ia) or (Ib); —a copolymer formed from one or more monomers of formula (Ia) and/or (Ib); or —a copolymer formed from one or more monomers of formula (Ia) and/or (Ib), and comprising HEMA; wherein formula (Ia) comprises: (Formula (Ia)) wherein R1 is a C8-C12 straight or branched chain alkyl or alkenyl group, for example a C8-C10 straight or branched chain alkyl group, which may optionally be substituted; and R2 is selected from H and C1-4 alkyl; and wherein formula (Ib) comprises: (Formula (Ib)) wherein R3 is a 6-12 membered ring, for example a 6-8 membered ring, which is a cycloalkyl, cycloheteroalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl group, and which may optionally be substituted; L is a divalent linker group selected from —NH—, —CH2—, and —O—; R4 is a C1-8 organic group, for example a C1-C6 organic group, wherein this group comprises at least one moiety selected from C?O,

Abstract: This invention relates to transduction of cargo molecules into living cells, such as protein transduction, in particular a delivery molecule for transduction of a cargo into a cell comprising: a cargo-binding molecule and/or a cargo; a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding element, which is capable of binding to GAG on the surface of the cell; and a protein transduction domain. Methods of transduction, methods of producing or modifying cargo for transduction, delivery molecules for transduction and methods of treatment using transduction, or using transduced cells are also provided.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a system for creating cloned cells and embryos that are genetically modified. Cells are treated to increase expression of telomerase and potentially extend replicative capacity. One or more genetic modifications is made to inactivate a gene or confer desirable features, growing and selecting the cells as needed. The modified nucleus can then be transferred to a suitable recipient cell, which can then be used to grow an embryo with the conferred attributes. This technology makes it possible to create embryos, animals and embryonic cell lines with multiple genetic modifications, including homozygously inactivated genes and gene substitutions.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a system for generating animal tissue with carbohydrate antigens that are compatible for transplantation into human patients. The tissue is inactivated homozygously for expression of ?(1,3)galactosyltransferase, and comprises a transgene for ?(1,2)fucosyltransferase. As a result, cell-surface N-acetyl lactosamine is not converted to the Gal?(1,3)Gal xenoantigen. Instead, it is converted to Fuc?(1,2)Gal, which is H substance, a self-antigen in humans. The tissue may also contain A or B-transferase, which will cause H substance to be converted into other ABO blood group antigens for compatibility with patients of the same blood type. This invention improves transplant compatibility of the xenograft tissue by lessening the risk of reactions resulting from xenoantigen and unconverted N-acetyl lactosamine acceptor determinants.

Abstract: This invention provides a system for selecting a cell that has undergone genetic alteration by homologous recombination from amongst a population of cells that do not have the alteration. The successfully targeted cells are identified and separated according to surface glycosylation that has changed as a result of the homologous recombination. The recombination event may inactivate an endogenous gene, or introduce a transgene, either of which encodes a carbohydrate modulating enzyme, such as ?(1,3)galactosyltransferase or ?(1,2)fucosyltransferase. Altering carbohydrate modulating enzymes can be done for producing tissue with altered carbohydrate determinants, or as a means for tracking inactivation or insertion of other genetic elements for a variety of purposes.

Abstract: Sequence data for the sheep ?(1,3)galactosyltransferase (?1,3GT) gene is provided in this disclosure, which allows the user to construct vectors for expressing or inactivating the ?1,3GT gene. This in turn enables the user to control expression of the Gal?(1,3)Gal xenoantigen on the surface of cells.

Abstract: Sequence data for the sheep ?(1,3)galactosyltransferase (?1,3GT) gene is provided in this disclosure, which allows the user to construct vectors for expressing or inactivating the ?1,3GT gene. This in turn enables the user to control expression of the Gal?(1,3)Gal xenoantigen on the surface of cells.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a system for creating cloned cells and embryos that are genetically modified. Cells are treated to increase expression of telomerase and potentially extend replicative capacity. One or more genetic modifications is made to inactivate a gene or confer desirable features, growing and selecting the cells as needed. The modified nucleus can then be transferred to a suitable recipient cell, which can then be used to grow an embryo with the conferred attributes. This technology makes it possible to create embryos, animals and embryonic cell lines with multiple genetic modifications, including homozygously inactivated genes and gene substitutions.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a system for generating animal tissue with carbohydrate antigens that are compatible for transplantation into human patients. The tissue is inactivated homozygously for expression of &agr;(1,3)galactosyltransferase, and comprises a transgene for &agr;(1,2)fucosyltransferase. As a result, cell-surface N-acetyl lactosamine is not converted to the Gal&agr;(1,3)Gal xenoantigen. Instead, it is converted to Fuc&agr;(1,2)Gal, which is H substance, a self-antigen in humans. The tissue may also contain A or B-transferase, which will cause H substance to be converted into other ABO blood group antigens for compatibility with patients of the same blood type. This invention improves transplant compatibility of the xenograft tissue by lessening the risk of reactions resulting from xenoantigen and unconverted N-acetyl lactosamine acceptor determinants.