Abstract: A technique that uses wavelet analysis to analyze the concentration of an analyte in a sample. The technique includes irradiating the sample with electromagnetic radiation and detecting a resulting radiation from the sample to obtain spectral data. The electromagnetic radiation irradiated on the sample results in radiation interaction, such as reflection, scattering, and transmission, from the sample. The radiation interaction results in a resultant electromagnetic radiation from the sample, such as reflected radiation, scattered radiation, or transmitted radiation. The resultant electromagnetic radiation includes signals indicative of the analyte. The spectral data is digitally processed using wavelet analysis to increase proportionally the signal indicative of the analyte in the data. A modeling algorithm is applied to the processed data to determine the quantitative characteristics of the analyte in the sample.

Abstract: An adjustable wrench particularly suited for use on six-sided fasteners. The wrench has a handle that mounts two adjustable arms that each have a gripping head formed on an end portion that projects from the handle. The handle has a fixed flat surface on its top end located between the two projecting arms. The wrench includes a mechanical arrangement to move the arms into and out of a gripping relationship with the fastener. The arms are positioned with respect to the handle and the flat surface so that the flat surface and gripping surfaces of the gripping heads are in an abutting relationship with the associated fastener sides regardless of its size. This three-sided contact on the fastener results in an equiangular distribution of force exerted upon the fastener.