Abstract: Apparatus for refining lignocellulose material is disclosed including two relatively rotatable refining disks separated by a refining gap which includes an inner radial portion and an outer angular portion, with the refiner elements mounted on the outer angular portions of the refiner disks including at least one wing projecting from the rotatable refining disk adjacent to the inner radial refining gap and with the stationary refining disk including a concave surface at the inlet portion so that the lignocellulose material being processed is thrown against the concave surface during its transition from the inner radial refining gap to the outer angular refining gap.

Abstract: A refining element is disclosed for use in a disk refiner having a refining element holder surface including a plurality of attachment holes, the refining element including a plurality of working members on its front surface and a rear surface adapted to be attached to the refining element holder, the refining element further includes a plurality of attachment through holes extending through the refining element for attachment to the refining element holder at corresponding attachment holes therein, whereby attachment screws can be provided for affixing the refining element to the refining element holder through the plurality of attachment through holes, and at least one removal hole including threads and being substantially centrally located on the refining element, whereby the refining element can be removed from the refining element holder by extending a removal screw through the removal hole to apply pressure for removal of the refining element against the refining element holder.