Abstract: A computer-implemented method for probabilistic quantification of probability of failure of a component, especially a gas turbine component, which during operation is subjected to cyclic stress, wherein the component is divided virtually in one or more domains. The method includes: providing or determining for at least one domain, a domain probability density function for crack initiation and providing or determining for the considered domains a domain probability density function for subsequent crack propagation induced failure. Determining for each considered domain a combined domain cumulative distribution function for failure or its probability density function is done by convoluting either both the considered domain probability density functions for crack initiation induced failure and the respective domain probability density function for subsequent crack propagation induced failure, or their integral function.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for probabilistic quantification of probability of failure of a component, especially a gas turbine component, which during operation is subjected to cyclic stress, wherein the component is divided virtually in one or more domains. The method includes: providing or determining for at least one domain, a domain probability density function for crack initiation and providing or determining for the considered domains a domain probability density function for subsequent crack propagation induced failure. Determining for each considered domain a combined domain cumulative distribution function for failure or its probability density function is done by convoluting either both the considered domain probability density functions for crack initiation induced failure and the respective domain probability density function for subsequent crack propagation induced failure, or their integral function.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a locating system, comprising at least one hand-held locating sensor, which is provided for capturing locating data related to objects to be located that are hidden under an examination surface, a position sensor, which is provided for capturing position data, which can be associated with the locating data, and an evaluating unit, which is provided for determining at least two-dimensional map information from the locating data and the position data and providing said at least two-dimensional map information. According to the disclosure, the locating system comprises at least one data source, which is provided for providing data for the purpose of a modification of the at least two-dimensional map information.

Abstract: An imaging locating device includes a first locating apparatus, a position sensor, and an evaluation apparatus. The first locating apparatus is configured to detect locating data in relation to objects to be located. The objects are concealed under an examination surface. The position sensor is configured to detect position data of the locating device in relation to the examination surface. The evaluation apparatus is configured to determine a first at least two-dimensional map information items by assigning the locating data of a first category from the first locating apparatus to the position data. The evaluation data is further configured to determine at least one further at least two-dimensional map information item. The at least one further at least two-dimensional map information item differs from the first at least two-dimensional map information item.

Abstract: A layer system including a substrate and a layer is provided. The layer system has a hole at least in the layer, and wherein at least one recess is present in a surface of the layer in a vicinity around the hole or directly adjoining a boundary line of the hole.

Abstract: A process for producing a layer system is provided wherein the layer system has at least a substrate, a ceramic layer, which is applied to a surface structured in a targeted manner, in which process the intermediate layer, in particular the metallic layer, is applied in such a way that the recesses form during the coating. By introducing recesses into a surface, the stresses in the ceramic layer on the metallic substrate are reduced in such a manner that a longer lifespan for the ceramic layer is achieved.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a three-dimensional stress concentrating feature of a component (60), such as a borehole (62), using a two-dimensional probabilistic technique. A circumferentially-dependent stress concentration profile around the stress concentrating feature is determined, and then a probability of failure of the component is calculated using a 2D probabilistic failure analysis of the stress concentration profile. The probabilistic failure analysis may include a Monte Carlo theta integration approach.

Abstract: A terahertz source implementing a {hacek over (C)}erenkov difference-frequency generation scheme in a quantum cascade laser. The laser includes an undoped or semi-insulating InP substrate with an exit facet that is polished at an angle between 10° to 40°. The laser further includes a first waveguide cladding layer(s) in contact with an active layer (arranged as a multiple quantum well structure) and a current extraction layer on top of the substrate. Furthermore, the laser includes a second waveguide cladding layer(s) on top of the active layer, where the first and second waveguide cladding layers are disposed to form a waveguide structure by which terahertz radiation generated in the active layer is guided inside the laser. The terahertz radiation is emitted into the substrate at a {hacek over (C)}erenkov angle relative to a direction of the nonlinear polarization wave in the active layer, and once in the substrate, propagates towards the exit facet.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a locating system, comprising at least one hand-held locating sensor, which is provided for capturing locating data related to objects to be located that are hidden under an examination surface, a position sensor, which is provided for capturing position data, which can be associated with the locating data, and an evaluating unit, which is provided for determining at least two-dimensional map information from the locating data and the position data and providing said at least two-dimensional map information. According to the disclosure, the locating system comprises at least one data source, which is provided for providing data for the purpose of a modification of the at least two-dimensional map information.

Abstract: An imaging locating device includes a first locating apparatus, a position sensor, and an evaluation apparatus. The first locating apparatus is configured to detect locating data in relation to objects to be located. The objects are concealed under an examination surface. The position sensor is configured to detect position data of the locating device in relation to the examination surface. The evaluation apparatus is configured to determine a first at least two-dimensional map information items by assigning the locating data of a first category from the first locating apparatus to the position data. The evaluation data is further configured to determine at least one further at least two-dimensional map information item. The at least one further at least two-dimensional map information item differs from the first at least two-dimensional map information item.

Abstract: A method for selecting operating points of a gas turbine while taking into consideration at least one controlled variable, the operating points being defined at least by parameter combinations of manipulated variables, wherein the operating points are automatically selected on the basis of already known parameter combinations by using an interpolation method, the Kriging interpolation method being used as the interpolation method.

Abstract: A terahertz source implementing a {hacek over (C)}erenkov difference-frequency generation scheme in a quantum cascade laser. The laser includes an undoped or semi-insulating InP substrate with an exit facet that is polished at an angle between 10° to 40°. The laser further includes a first waveguide cladding layer(s) in contact with an active layer (arranged as a multiple quantum well structure) and a current extraction layer on top of the substrate. Furthermore, the laser includes a second waveguide cladding layer(s) on top of the active layer, where the first and second waveguide cladding layers are disposed to form a waveguide structure by which terahertz radiation generated in the active layer is guided inside the laser. The terahertz radiation is emitted into the substrate at a {hacek over (C)}erenkov angle relative to a direction of the nonlinear polarization wave in the active layer, and once in the substrate, propagates towards the exit facet.

Abstract: A probabilistic estimation of fatigue crack life of a component is provided. A plurality of representations of the component is defined from material property scatter data and flaw-size scatter data, wherein each representation is defined by one possible material condition and flaw-size condition associated with the component. For each representation, a component location is selected and a determination is made whether said individual representation fails after a given number of cycles N, based on the calculation of a crack growth in the selected location. The crack growth is calculated on the basis of the material condition and the flaw-size condition in the selected location. Failure of the individual representation is determined if the crack growth is determined to be unstable. The sum total of the number of the representations that failed after N cycles is determined. A probability of failure of the component after N cycles is then determined.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a three-dimensional stress concentrating feature of a component (60), such as a borehole (62), using a two-dimensional probabilistic technique. A circumferentially-dependent stress concentration profile around the stress concentrating feature is determined, and then a probability of failure of the component is calculated using a 2D probabilistic failure analysis of the stress concentration profile. The probabilistic failure analysis may include a Monte Carlo theta integration approach.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface-emitting laser diode with an active amplifying region (2) which is bounded by two laser mirrors (1, 3), while one or more polarization-selective layers (4) are provided for stabilizing the polarization in a region that is located on that side of at least one of the laser mirrors (1, 3) that is opposite the active amplifying region (2), these layers (4) extending parallel to the respective mirror (1; 3) and having a polarization-dependent refractive index and/or absorption.

Abstract: A method for estimating the crack length ãn+1 of at least one crack (2) in a component (1): At a first instant, the length ãn of the crack is determined and the length of the crack ãn+1=ãn+?ãn is estimated at a second instant by using the integration scheme a ~ n + 1 = a ~ n + d ? ? a ~ 1 6 + d ? ? a ~ 2 3 + d ? ? a ~ 3 3 + d ? ? a ~ 4 6 ( 17 ) d ? ? a ~ 1 = d ? ? Nf ? ( ? ? ? K n ) ( 18 ) d ? ? a ~ 2 = d ? ? Nf ? ( ? ? ? K n + 1 2 ? ? ? ? K n 2 ? ? a ~ n ? d ? ? a ~ 1 ) ( 19 ) d ? ? a ~ 3 = d ? ? Nf ? ( ? ? ? K n + 1 2 ? ? ? ? K n 2 ? ? a ~ n ? d ? ? a ~ 2 ) ( 20 ) d ? ? a ~ 4 = d ? ? Nf ? ( ? ? ? K n + ? ? ? K n 2 ? a ~ n ? d ? ? a ~ 3 ) , ( 21 ) with ?ãn designating the increase in the crack size, N design

Abstract: A layer system including a substrate and a layer is provided. The layer system has a hole at least in the layer, and wherein at least one recess is present in a surface of the layer in a vicinity around the hole or directly adjoining a boundary line of the hole.

Abstract: A process for producing a layer system is provided wherein the layer system has at least a substrate, a ceramic layer, which is applied to a surface structured in a targeted manner, in which process the intermediate layer, in particular the metallic layer, is applied in such a way that the recesses form during the coating. By introducing recesses into a surface, the stresses in the ceramic layer on the metallic substrate are reduced in such a manner that a longer lifespan for the ceramic layer is achieved.

Abstract: A probabilistic estimation of fatigue crack life of a component is provided. A plurality of representations of the component is defined from material property scatter data and flaw-size scatter data, wherein each representation is defined by one possible material condition and flaw-size condition associated with the component. For each representation, a component location is selected and a determination is made whether said individual representation fails after a given number of cycles N, based on the calculation of a crack growth in the selected location. The crack growth is calculated on the basis of the material condition and the flaw-size condition in the selected location. Failure of the individual representation is determined if the crack growth is determined to be unstable. The sum total of the number of the representations that failed after N cycles is determined. A probability of failure of the component after N cycles is then determined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface-emitting laser diode with an active amplifying region (2) which is bounded by two laser mirrors (1, 3), while one or more polarization-selective layers (4) are provided for stabilising the polarization in a region that is located on that side of at least one of the laser mirrors (1, 3) that is opposite the active amplifying region (2), these layers (4) extending parallel to the respective mirror (1; 3) and having a polarization-dependent refractive index and/or absorption.