Abstract: The present invention relates to an adhesive structure (6) comprising a substrate (1) and an adhesive coating (7) is applied to the substrate. The adhesive coating is applied to the substrate so that the thickness (z) of the coating varies in at least one direction (x, y).

Abstract: A process for remediating salt-impacted soils includes forming a heap of salt-impacted soil on an impermeable surface; irrigating the salt-impacted soil heap with at least one amendment solution; and collecting a leachate containing sodium ions at a base of the heap. A system remediates salt-impacted soil.

Abstract: A new approach for improving fire resistance of cellulosic materials is provided, especially when the cellulosic material is to be used in polymer composites. Cellulosic material is treated with an aqueous mixture of alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide and alkaline earth or aluminum metal salt simultaneously with or within a short period of time of preparing the mixture. The treated cellulosic material becomes self-extinguishing and may also have improved thermal stability, improved interfacial thermal resistance, improved resistance to damage by oxidants and other chemical agents, improved resistance to biological agents and/or improved resistance to damage by ultra-violet light.

Abstract: A process for remediating salt-impacted soils includes forming a heap of salt-impacted soil on an impermeable surface; irrigating the salt-impacted soil heap with at least one amendment solution; and collecting a leachate containing sodium ions at a base of the heap. A system remediates salt-impacted soil.

Abstract: A new approach for improving fire resistance of cellulosic materials is provided, especially when the cellulosic material is to be used in polymer composites. Cellulosic material is treated with an aqueous mixture of alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide and alkaline earth or aluminum metal salt simultaneously with or within a short period of time of preparing the mixture. The treated cellulosic material becomes self-extinguishing and may also have improved thermal stability, improved interfacial thermal resistance, improved resistance to damage by oxidants and other chemical agents, improved resistance to biological agents and/or improved resistance to damage by ultra-violet light. The fire-resistant cellulosic material may also be treated with a layered nanoparticulate material either simultaneously with, subsequent to or prior to treatment with the aqueous mixture of alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide and alkaline earth or aluminum metal salt to impart further fire resistance to the cellulosic material.