Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for obtaining quantitative information on average donor-acceptor distance changes within a molecule or in between molecules using ensemble Förster resonance energy transfer (eFRET), and a measurement system comprising a controller adapted for performing the same, wherein the method comprises the steps of performing an eFRET measurement for at preferably a donor-, an acceptor-, and at least a donor-acceptor-labelled sample, wherein each sample comprises respective labelled molecule copies and wherein each eFRET measurement is performed using multiple respective labelled molecule copies, under a first and a second condition, correcting the obtained results for fluorophore-specific, condition-specific and inter-condition effects, determining condition-specific eFRET efficiencies based on the corrected results, and determining quantitative information on donor-acceptor distance changes within the molecule between the first and the second condition based on the respective

Abstract: A wind-driveable wing construction (30) which comprises a tether line (40), which is designed to connect the wing construction to a ground station (10) during operation, and one end of the tether line (40) being attached to the wing construction; and a bridle line system comprising a multiplicity of bridle lines (70, 71). At least two bridle lines having an end connected to the wing construction and at least one bridle line has an end connected to the tether line (40). The bridle line system is detachably connected to the tether line, during operation. The tether line (40) has a first sleeve (130) which is attached to the tether line, the bridle line system has a second sleeve (120), to which the at least one bridle line (70, 71) is connected. A capture cable is passed through the second sleeve, and the sleeves are designed to form a detachable connection.

Abstract: A tethered passive wing system for the conversion of flow energy into electric energy which exhibits optimized aerodynamic and mechanical properties for reliable and efficient operation and is only connected through one or more tensile elements to a converter unit and comprises an optimized combination of rigid, non-flexural structural elements such as, for example, beams and shell structures and flexible fabric structures, such as, for example, membranes, films, laminates.

Abstract: A wind-driveable wing construction (30) which comprises a tether line (40), which is designed to connect the wing construction to a ground station (10) during operation, and one end of the tether line (40) being attached to the wing construction; and a bridle line system comprising a multiplicity of bridle lines (70, 71). At least two bridle lines having an end connected to the wing construction and at least one bridle line has an end connected to the tether line (40). The bridle line system is detachably connected to the tether line, during operation. The tether line (40) has a first sleeve (130) which is attached to the tether line, the bridle line system has a second sleeve (120), to which the at least one bridle line (70, 71) is connected. A capture cable is passed through the second sleeve, and the sleeves are designed to form a detachable connection.

Abstract: A tethered passive wing system for the conversion of flow energy into electric energy which exhibits optimized aerodynamic and mechanical properties for reliable and efficient operation and is only connected through one or more tensile elements to a converter unit and comprises an optimized combination of rigid, non-flexural structural elements such as, for example, beams and shell structures and flexible fabric structures, such as, for example, membranes, films, laminates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mass spectrometric mixture analysis to determine both simple mass spectra of the substances as well as more detailed information about structures and other characteristics of the substances. The invention consists in temporally separating the substance mixture in a separating device, splitting the eluating flow of substances into at least two partial flows and measuring the substances in the different partial flows by mass spectrometry. A direct measurement provides a series of spectra whose evaluation is used for optimal control of the time at which a spectrum of another, delayed partial flow is acquired and the type of this measurement procedure. The substances of the delayed partial flows or their ions can thereby be chemically or physically modified in a variety of ways in order to provide the molecular weight as well as more detailed information.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and devices for the transport of ions generated in gases near atmospheric pressure into the vacuum system of a mass spectrometer. Instead of the single capillary customary in commercial instruments, the invention uses a multichannel plate with hundreds of thousands of very short and narrow capillaries, whose total gas throughput is no higher than that of a normal single capillary. The large-area take-up of ions in the gas flow greatly increases the transfer yield. If the channels are conductive, this prevents the inside surfaces becoming charged. An ion funnel can separate the ions from the gas flow in the vacuum and focus them. Gas-dynamic focusing in an electric decelerating field reduces ion losses caused by wall collisions and prevents very light ions (protons, water clusters) from entering the vacuum. Staged multichannel plates reduce pumping requirements.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and devices for the transport of ions generated in gases near atmospheric pressure into the vacuum system of a mass spectrometer. Instead of the single capillary customary in commercial instruments, the invention uses a multichannel plate with hundreds of thousands of very short and narrow capillaries, whose total gas throughput is no higher than that of a normal single capillary. The large-area take-up of ions in the gas flow greatly increases the transfer yield. If the channels are conductive, this prevents the inside surfaces becoming charged. An ion funnel can separate the ions from the gas flow in the vacuum and focus them. Gas-dynamic focusing in an electric decelerating field reduces ion losses caused by wall collisions and prevents very light ions (protons, water clusters) from entering the vacuum. Staged multichannel plates reduce pumping requirements.