Abstract: In an apparatus and method of automatically providing or withholding fluid from a power rail for a mass transit vehicle, during movement of a mass transit vehicle on a pathway in an uncovered (or exposed) area of the pathway, fluid, for example, anti-icing fluid, is caused to be provided to (or dispensed on) the power rail supplying power to the mass transit vehicle. During movement of the mass transit vehicle in a covered area of the pathway, the fluid is withheld from (or not dispensed on) the power rail. The changing from fluid being dispensed on the power rail to the fluid being withheld from the power rail, or vice versa, can be based on movement of the mass transit vehicle from the uncovered area of the pathway to the covered area of the pathway, or vice versa.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method of automatically providing or withholding fluid from a power rail for a mass transit vehicle, during movement of a mass transit vehicle on a pathway in an uncovered (or exposed) area of the pathway, fluid, for example, anti-icing fluid, is caused to be provided to (or dispensed on) the power rail supplying power to the mass transit vehicle. During movement of the mass transit vehicle in a covered area of the pathway, the fluid is withheld from (or not dispensed on) the power rail. The changing from fluid being dispensed on the power rail to the fluid being withheld from the power rail, or vice versa, can be based on movement of the mass transit vehicle from the uncovered area of the pathway to the covered area of the pathway, or vice versa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds which make it possible to transfer nucleic acids into cells. These novel compounds are lipid derivatives of polythiourea. They are useful for the in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo transfection of nucleic acids into various cell types.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds which make it possible to transfer nucleic acids into cells. These novel compounds are lipid derivatives of polythiourea. They are useful for the in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo transfection of nucleic acids into various cell types.

Abstract: The apparatus for measuring pulse energy includes integration means and serves to measure high-current disturbances carried by a cable. The apparatus is characterized in that it further includes a current-to-voltage converter (2) mounted on the cable (1), attenuation means (3, 4) coupling said converter to the integration means (5, 6), and a processing and storage assembly (12) coupled to the integration means and to an output display (20). Application: monitoring lightning protection equipment.

Abstract: A system for evaluating the performance of an electrical filter installed on an electrical power supply network passing through the screening of a Faraday enclosure, includes a transmit device for transmitting an inlet electrical pulse to the inlet of the filter. A receive and processing unit receives and processes the response electrical signal at the outlet of the filter corresponding to the pulse. A display displays the results obtained by processing the signal. The inlet electrical pulse is coupled to the power supply network and is conveyed thereby through the filter. The response is obtained from the outlet of the filter by decoupling.

Abstract: A device for protecting a polyphase electric power line against high transient overvoltages comprises at least two stages in series, the first stage being provided with a spark-gap and a decoupling inductor and being followed by a stage having a bridge limiter including two oppositely-biased power diodes each connected in series with a high-value capacitor, a time-delay contactor being placed at the terminals of each power-diode/capacitor assembly so as to permit charging of the capacitors through a resistor and auxiliary diodes and then to permit cut-off of the bridge limiter. The protection device has only one pair of high-value capacitors each connected in common in series with one of the power diodes of each phase, an auxiliary diode being associated with each capacitor.

Abstract: A surge protection device comprising an inductor and a limiting bridge stage (10) with two oppositely biased power diodes (15,16) each connected in series with a high-valued capacitor, features an inductor connected in a first stage including a spark-gap (6) to ensure decoupling by the inductor from the second limiting bridge stage. A time-delay relay (10A) is disposed at the terminals of each power diode/capacitor combination to enable charging of the capacitors through a resistor (20) and auxiliary diodes (21, 22) connected between the relay and the power line on the one hand and between the power diode and the capacitor on the other hand, and the subsequent blocking of the bridge once the capacitors have been charged.