Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a supported metal alloy catalyst for low temperature engine exhaust oxidation without CO or NO inhibition. The catalyst includes bimetallic PdCu alloy deposited on a SiO2 support using the strong electrostatic adsorption method. The PdCu catalyst may be combined with a traditional PGM-based automotive oxidation catalyst in a series or dual-bed configuration. The first stage of the dual-bed system includes the PdCu catalyst, with the primary role of oxidizing CO at low temperature; the PGM-based catalyst in the second stage then oxidizes NO and hydrocarbons in the absence of any CO-inhibition effects.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus(es) for improving irrigation and aspiration of chemical irrigants (e.g., NaOCl) from root canals and/or a pulp chamber of a tooth during a dental procedure are provided. The methods and apparatus(es) enable a dental practitioner to single-handedly perform irrigation and aspiration substantially simultaneously during a dental procedure, thereby simplifying the procedure and mitigating the risk of chemical spillage onto the gums and into the mouth of a patient. Single-handed operation by the practitioner enables the dental technician (or assistant) to perform other duties, while enabling the practitioner to use an available hand to utilize or pass other instruments, hold a mirror to observe the irrigation process, or the like.

Abstract: A system and method for steering aircraft along a predetermined track is disclosed herein. The system and method relate to steering an aircraft along a lateral path (e.g. a track described by reference to latitude and longitude) by a method comprising: calculating a nominal track correction; providing an upper limit and a lower limit for the nominal track correction; setting a desired track correction as: (i) the nominal track correction if the nominal track is between the upper limit and the lower limit; (ii) the upper limit if the nominal track correction is greater than or equal to the upper limit; or (iii) the lower limit if the nominal track correction is less than or equal to the lower limit; and steering the aircraft using the desired track correction.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining a change of speed of an aircraft for enabling the avoidance of conflicts between aircraft trajectories. The method of determining a change in speed of an aircraft, comprises the steps of: defining a merge point and a tie point; monitoring a first aircraft; determining when the first aircraft passes the tie point; providing trajectory data; predicting a trajectory of a second aircraft using the trajectory data; defining a minimum permissible longitudinal spacing; predicting a longitudinal spacing between the first and second aircraft at the merge point based on the predicted trajectory; and if the minimum permissible longitudinal spacing is greater than the predicted longitudinal spacing then calculating a proposed change in speed of the second aircraft that will result in the longitudinal spacing between the first and second aircraft at the merge point being greater than or equal to the minimum permissible longitudinal spacing.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining a change of speed of an aircraft for enabling the avoidance of conflicts between aircraft trajectories. The method of determining a change in speed of an aircraft, comprises the steps of: defining a merge point and a tie point; monitoring a first aircraft; determining when the first aircraft passes the tie point; providing trajectory data; predicting a trajectory of a second aircraft using the trajectory data; defining a minimum permissible longitudinal spacing; predicting a longitudinal spacing between the first and second aircraft at the merge point based on the predicted trajectory; and if the minimum permissible longitudinal spacing is greater than the predicted longitudinal spacing then calculating a proposed change in speed of the second aircraft that will result in the longitudinal spacing between the first and second aircraft at the merge point being greater than or equal to the minimum permissible longitudinal spacing.

Abstract: A system and method for steering aircraft along a predetermined track is disclosed herein. The system and method relate to steering an aircraft along a lateral path (e.g. a track described by reference to latitude and longitude) by a method comprising: calculating a nominal track correction; providing an upper limit and a lower limit for the nominal track correction; setting a desired track correction as: (i) the nominal track correction if the nominal track is between the upper limit and the lower limit; (ii) the upper limit if the nominal track correction is greater than or equal to the upper limit; or (iii) the lower limit if the nominal track correction is less than or equal to the lower limit; and steering the aircraft using the desired track correction.