Abstract: In a method for determining an optimized fuel injection profile in an internal combustion engine, a setpoint combustion profile is firstly defined. Furthermore, at least one influential parameter which influences the setpoint combustion profile is determined. With the influential parameter, a corrected fuel injection profile is determined in a closed-loop control process. This method is preferably repeated iteratively.

Abstract: A protection system for an electrical machine includes a first connecting line for connecting an internal space of the electric machine to an external space surrounding the electrical machine, a valve, and a filter which is impermeable to dust. The valve and the first connecting line are configured to render the first connecting line impassable when the valve is closed, and to enable a first gaseous medium to enter the internal space from the external space when the valve is open. The filter is configured to filter the first gaseous medium that enters the internal space from the external space through the first connecting line.

Abstract: In a method for determining an optimized fuel injection profile in an internal combustion engine, a setpoint combustion profile is firstly defined. Furthermore, at least one influential parameter which influences the setpoint combustion profile is determined. With the influential parameter, a corrected fuel injection profile is determined in a closed-loop control process. This method is preferably repeated iteratively.

Abstract: The method for determining fuel injection profiles in an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of providing data of a setpoint combustion profile; measuring data of an actual combustion profile; and varying a fuel injection profile, such that the actual combustion profile comes closer to the setpoint combustion profile.

Abstract: Method for operating an injector, comprising the steps of generating (S201) a digital injection profile by combining trapezoidal individual injection operations which are matched to a prespecified target injection profile (200); and generating (S202) an electrical actuating signal for the injector on the basis of the generated digital injection profile and the actuating parameters of the injector.

Abstract: An illustrative example method of controlling an engine of a vehicle, includes determining a target pressure curve for a cylinder of the engine, determining a heat release model for the cylinder, determining a mass flow of fuel from the heat release model to achieve the target pressure curve, and automatically controlling opening of an injector of the cylinder of the engine to provide the determined mass flow of fuel to the cylinder.

Abstract: An illustrative example method of controlling an engine of a vehicle, includes determining a target pressure curve for a cylinder of the engine for a first combustion cycle, determining a heat release model for the cylinder for the first combustion cycle, determining a mass flow of fuel from the heat release model to achieve the target pressure curve during the first combustion cycle, and automatically controlling opening of an injector of the cylinder of the engine during the first combustion cycle to provide the determined mass flow of fuel to the cylinder. The method includes determining a real pressure curve during the first combustion cycle and automatically adjusting at least one of the heat release model or the mass flow for a second, subsequent combustion cycle based on a difference between the target pressure curve and the real pressure curve.

Abstract: An exhaust gas liner for a gas turbine includes an annular inner shell and an annular outer shell, which are arranged concentrically around a machine axis of the gas turbine to define an annular exhaust gas channel in between. The inner shell and/or said outer shell are composed of a plurality of liner segments, which are attached to a support structure. To compensate thermal expansion and achieving resistance against dynamic loads, the liner segments are fixed to the support structure at certain fixation spots, which are distributed over the area of said liner segments, such that said liner segments are clamped to said support structure through a whole engine thermal cycle without hindering thermal expansion.

Abstract: An illustrative example method of controlling an engine of a vehicle, includes determining a target pressure curve for a cylinder of the engine for a first combustion cycle, determining a heat release model for the cylinder for the first combustion cycle, determining a mass flow of fuel from the heat release model to achieve the target pressure curve during the first combustion cycle, and automatically controlling opening of an injector of the cylinder of the engine during the first combustion cycle to provide the determined mass flow of fuel to the cylinder. The method includes determining a real pressure curve during the first combustion cycle and automatically adjusting at least one of the heat release model or the mass flow for a second, subsequent combustion cycle based on a difference between the target pressure curve and the real pressure curve.

Abstract: An illustrative example method of controlling an engine of a vehicle, includes determining a target pressure curve for a cylinder of the engine, determining a heat release model for the cylinder, determining a mass flow of fuel from the heat release model to achieve the target pressure curve, and automatically controlling opening of an injector of the cylinder of the engine to provide the determined mass flow of fuel to the cylinder.

Abstract: A protection system for an electrical machine includes a first connecting line for connecting an internal space of the electric machine to an external space surrounding the electrical machine, a valve, and a filter which is impermeable to dust. The valve and the first connecting line are configured to render the first connecting line impassable when the valve is closed, and to enable a first gaseous medium to enter the internal space from the external space when the valve is open. The filter is configured to filter the first gaseous medium that enters the internal space from the external space through the first connecting line.

Abstract: An exhaust gas liner for a gas turbine includes an annular inner shell and an annular outer shell, which are arranged concentrically around a machine axis of the gas turbine to define an annular exhaust gas channel in between. The inner shell and/or said outer shell are composed of a plurality of liner segments, which are attached to a support structure. To compensate thermal expansion and achieving resistance against dynamic loads, the liner segments are fixed to the support structure at certain fixation spots, which are distributed over the area of said liner segments, such that said liner segments are clamped to said support structure through a whole engine thermal cycle without hindering thermal expansion.

Abstract: What are described are a multiple burner arrangement and a method for operating such a multiple burner arrangement with a multiplicity of individual burners which are designed as premix burners and which serve for firing a combustion chamber of a thermal engine and each have a swirl space into which combustion supply air and fuel can be introduced so as to form a swirl flow, the swirl flow forming downstream of the premix burner, within the combustion chamber, a backflow zone in which a burner flame is formed.

Abstract: A premix burner includes a vortex generator (30) for combustion air stream (15), devices (17, 17a, 17b, 31-38, 41-48) to inject fuel into the combustion air stream (15), and tangential air ducts (19, 20). The combustion air (15) enters the cone cavity (14) of the vortex generator (30) via the air ducts. The injection of the fuel into the combustion air is done asymmetrically by injection devices (17, 17a, 17b, 31-38, 41-48). At least one of the injection devices (5) is arranged on a fuel lance (3) that extends into the vortex chamber.