Abstract: A method of forming a metasurface includes forming a plurality of channels on a surface of a formed from a first material, like a metal, ceramic, or polymer. The method also includes filling the plurality of channels in the surface of the base substrate with a second material that is different from the first material to form a metasurface on the base substrate. The method further includes placing the metasurface into a heat exchange system such that the metasurface is proximate to a liquid used in the heat exchange system.

Abstract: Particle removal systems and methods are provided. The systems and methods utilize flexible wires to collect solid particles and remove them from a carrier liquid in which they are suspended. The solid particles, the wires, or both the solid particles and the wires are coated by a liquid. As the carrier liquid containing the particles passes through the particle removal system, the liquid coatings on the solid particles and/or the flexible wires selectively adhere the solid particles to the flexible wires.

Abstract: A surface texture includes a three-dimensional structure, a cross-section of which includes a first serration and a second serration. The first serration has a first peak having a height measured from a base of the three-dimensional structure to a top of the first serration. A valley is formed in between the first serration and the second serration, where the valley has a length measured from a base of the first serration to a base of the second serration. The first serration also has a vertex angle that forms the first peak. A coating that covers at least a portion of the valley, where the valley is designed to remain free of frost.

Abstract: An airborne particle removal system includes a wire filter having a housing that includes a wall. The wall has an interior surface and an exterior surface. The wire filter also has a plurality of layers of wires mounted to the interior surface of the wall of the housing. Each layer in the plurality of layers includes a plurality of wires designed to collect airborne particles from air and release the airborne particles. The system also includes a receptacle configured to receive the airborne particles released from the plurality of wires.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for removing salt from brine are provided. A surfactant is mixed with the brines and the brines are atomized to form airborne brine droplets from which the liquid component can be rapidly evaporated. The remaining airborne salt particles are than filtered from the air stream and the water vapor condensed for collection and downstream use or processing.

Abstract: Self-healing, hydrophobic composites and related methods are provided. A method of repelling water may comprise forming a layer of a self-healing, hydrophobic composite comprising a porous network of entangled polymer fibers and a hydrophobic phase change material infused throughout the network, on a surface of a substrate to form a treated surface; and exposing the treated surface to water, wherein the treated surface exhibits a native water droplet contact angle which is greater than that of an untreated surface without the layer of the composite.

Abstract: A system to collect liquid includes a wavy surface formed on a substrate, where the wavy surface includes a plurality of waves. The plurality of waves are configured to capture liquid from the air such that the liquid accumulates in valleys of the waves. The system also includes a liquid collection container configured to collect the liquid captured on the plurality of waves.