Abstract: A wheel includes a rim having a rim well and rim flanges, a hub, and at least three spoke elements. Each spoke element forms at least one spoke between the hub and the rim. The spoke elements are fastened to an inside of the rim in a form-closed manner or a form-closed and bonded manner. In the hub region, the spoke elements are supported on each other in a circumferential direction at abutting surfaces designed therefor. A method for producing the wheel is provided.

Abstract: A wheel includes a rim having a rim base and a two-part wheel spider. The wheel spider includes two molded parts. The first molded part forms the spokes having an open cross-section and is joined to the second molded part. The spokes of the first molded part are completely or partially closed along the profile length by the second molded part. The wheel spider is preferably integrated in the rim in an interlocking manner. The rim and the two-part wheel spider can consist of metal, but in particular preferably of composite fiber material.

Abstract: The outdoor multifunction cooking set is composed of an oven mounted pivoting on a barbecue by means of a pivoting articulation. The barbecue includes an ashpit, a hearth and a cooking surface, while the oven includes a cooking bottom composed of refractory stones, and a door on the front face. The chamber of the oven has a double wall that is open at the bottom and is connected to a chimney mounted on the upper part of the oven and in communication with the hearth of the barbecue. This cooking assembly includes at least one temperature maintenance chamber to be mounted, by means of one of its sides, on one hot side of the barbecue. This chamber incorporates a thermometer and an air outlet to be able to allow the hot air contained in it to escape.

Abstract: While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.

Abstract: A one-part wheel which is made of fiber composites without interruption of fibers with excellent mechanical properties and with low weight at the same time as well as a process for the manufacture thereof. The wheel has especially a rim well as well as a wheel disk passing over into a wheel flange of the rim well, where the wheel disk is formed at least partly by fiber layers, which run from the rim well over a wheel flange and the wheel disk. The wheel is manufactured by a multipart mold with parts displaceable at least in the axial direction. The mold is completely removed after the deposition of fibers or remains as a lost core in the wheel.

Abstract: A wheel with a rim as well as a wheel spider, where the wheel spider has a hub and spokes. The wheel includes spokes including one or more linearly stretched textile strands as reinforcement material of a fiber composite and each linearly stretched textile strand runs at least once from the rim to the hub and back without interruption and thus forms at least one spoke. The textile strands are connected in a positive-locking manner and/or in substance with the hub and the rim. A process is provided for the manufacture of the wheel.

Abstract: A rim well with integrated flange made of fiber composite as well as to a method for manufacturing same. The flange is formed by inwardly directed protuberances of fiber layers of the rim well, wherein the fiber layers transition to the flange from the rim well without interruption of the fibers. The manufacture is carried out by depositing fiber material on a mold, which corresponds to the contour of the rim well and has a radially circumferential or segmented groove. The fibers are deposited such that the fibers of at least one fiber layer have protuberances directed into the groove. A multipart mold, which makes it possible to reduce the width of the groove and thus a deformation of the protuberances, is preferably used.

Abstract: A method and a device for exchanging roller batteries on supports of cableway installations, include driving a service vehicle towards the support, lifting a cable which runs on the roller battery from the roller battery, then dismounting the roller battery and installing a new roller battery and finally relaying the cable on the roller battery.

Abstract: A plastic spring having a corrugated tubular body with connection surfaces at its ends for transmitting force between two structural component parts which are movable relative to one another. A connection surface of the plastic spring is constructed as a tubular body which engages in a cup element of one of the supporting structural component parts. The cup element can be filled with a displacement mass, and the tubular body accordingly carries out a displacing movement within the cup element for axially adjusting the preloading of the plastic spring.

Abstract: A method and a device for exchanging roller batteries on supports of cableway installations, include driving a service vehicle towards the support, lifting a cable which runs on the roller battery from the roller battery, then dismounting the roller battery and installing a new roller battery and finally relaying the cable on the roller battery.

Abstract: A plastic spring having a corrugated tubular body with connection surfaces at its ends for transmitting force between two structural component parts which are movable relative to one another. A connection surface of the plastic spring is constructed as a tubular body which engages in a cup element of one of the supporting structural component parts. The cup element can be filled with a displacement mass, and the tubular body accordingly carries out a displacing movement within the cup element for axially adjusting the preloading of the plastic spring.

Abstract: An interferometric confocal method and assembly for terabyte volume optical data memories couples two-beam spectral interferometry to chromatic confocal technology and permits a longitudinal splitting of foci in the memory volume, with the foci having limited diffraction. A spectrometer is located downstream of the interferometer with confocal discrimination in the beam path. A diffractive optical zone lens (DOZE) with a usage of the first diffraction order is introduced into the interferometric beam path to achieve longitudinal chromatic splitting. The interferometer can be a fiber-coupled interferometer with a retroreflector in the fiber-coupled reference arm and with wavelength-dependent optical path difference modification by dispersion or diffraction. The optical path difference in the interferometer is set so that easily detectable wavelets are formed from detectable interferograms by spectral analysis.

Abstract: A chromatic confocal technique and apparatus for the rapid three-dimensional measurement of an object shape, particularly of a tooth in a patient's jaw, using an array of polychromatic point light sources, a planar detector matrix, a beam splitter for lateral spectral separation, and an objective for illuminating and recording the object. Spectral defined reference light bundles are generated, injected into the detection beam path via a reference beam path and, following spectral splitting, are focused on the detector matrix as reference image points, wherein laterally shifted sub-matrices are numerically defined on the detector matrix for spectral analysis of the object light, which sub-matrices are implemented as spectral cells for three-dimensional measurement of the shape of the object.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chromatic confocal technique method and arrangement for the rapid three-dimensional measurement, in particular, of object shape, more particularly of a tooth in the jaw of a human being with an array of polychromatic point light sources, a planar detector matrix, arranged before means for lateral spectral separation and an objective for object illuminating and recording. According to the invention, spectral defined reference light bundles are generated also using components of the arrays of point light sources for chromatic calibration, wherein said reference light bundles are injected into the detection beam path via a reference bean path for chromatic lateral separation and then focused on the detector matrix as reference image points.

Abstract: An interferometric confocal method and assembly for terabyte volume optical data memories couples two-beam spectral interferometry to chromatic confocal technology and permits a longitudinal splitting of foci in the memory volume, with the foci having limited diffraction. A spectrometer is located downstream of the interferometer with confocal discrimination in the beam path. A diffractive optical zone lens (DOZE) with a usage of the first diffraction order is introduced into the interferometric beam path to achieve longitudinal chromatic splitting. The interferometer can be a fibre-coupled interferometer with a retroreflector in the fibre-coupled reference arm and with wavelength-dependent optical path difference modification by dispersion or diffraction. The optical path difference in the interferometer is set so that easily detectable wavelets are formed from detectable interferograms by spectral analysis.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for determining the actual torque of an internal combustion engine having gasoline direct injection. In the method, the torque of the engine is computed with a model in dependence upon operating variables. A value for the maximum torque, which would be achieved under standard conditions, is specified from a pregiven characteristic field in dependence upon operating variables which characterize an operating point of the engine. An efficiency is inputted for at least one torque-influencing actuating variable of the engine with the efficiency being formed in dependence upon a current or present value of the actuating variable and a standard value of the actuating variable. The maximum torque is corrected with the efficiency to determine the actual torque. The invention is also directed to an arrangement for determining the actual torque of the engine.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an internal combustion engine such as an engine for a motor vehicle. The engine defines a combustion chamber wherein an air/fuel mixture is combusted during operation of the engine whereby an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides is generated. The engine has a catalytic converter for treating the exhaust gases including reducing the nitrogen oxides. The air/fuel mixture supplied to the combustion chamber is adjusted in such a manner that first an oxygen excess is present in the combustion chamber and then an oxygen deficiency is present. A control apparatus determines the mass (mNOx) of the nitrogen oxides flowing to the catalytic converter during oxygen excess and changes over from the oxygen excess to the oxygen deficiency when the mass (mNOx) reaches a pregiven inflow mass (mZ).

Abstract: A first signal imaging nonuniformities in the rotational movement of the crankshaft is provided and corrective values are formed and successively changed for each cylinder individually and specifically for each load/rpm range of a plurality of load/rpm ranges until a predetermined condition is satisfied. The corrective value of the first one of the load/rpm ranges wherein the predetermined condition is satisfied is logically coupled to the first signal also in the remaining ones of said the ranges so long until the condition is also satisfied in the remaining ones of the ranges to thereby form a second signal less influenced by the nonuniformities than the first signal. A misfire is then detected when the second signal crosses over a reference value.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for detecting combustion misfires in a multicylinder internal combustion engine. The method includes the steps of: forming a criterion for the rough running of the engine for each cylinder individually on the basis of time intervals during which the crankshaft passes through predetermined angular ranges; and, forming corrective values from rough-running values for each cylinder individually during misfire-free operation so that the rough-running values for each individual cylinder coupled to said corrective values become equal with respect to each other.

Abstract: A misfire detection system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed with the system being used to evaluate wheel rpm fluctuations. This system detects a rough roadway over which the misfire detection is to be inhibited. This detection is made with the aid of wheel rpm signals; that is, signals as they are present for all motor vehicles equipped with anti-locking brake systems and for motor vehicles which utilize the wheel rpm signal for determining road speed. In motor vehicles of this kind, the advantage is provided that the wheel rpm signal has a double use. The advantage is provided that a reliable detection of a rough roadway is possible for all motor vehicles independently of whether wheel rpm signals are used for inhibiting the misfire detection or not.