Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation-curable mixture for generating relief structures, comprising a) at least one functionalized, part-hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate comprising (i) vinyl alcohol units, (ii) vinyl acetate units, and (iii) vinyl acrylate units, where the vinyl acrylate units, which can be substituted, have the general structure where R is hydrogen or a linear or branched aliphatic or heteroaliphatic radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic radical having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, as component A, b) at least one initiator as component B, c) at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound different from component A, as component C, d) one or more adjuvants as component D, wherein the amount of vinyl acrylate units (iii) in the functionalized, part-hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate a), based on all the units (i), (ii), and (iii), is 0.1 to <3 mol %, and component D comprises an additive capable of hydrogen bonding, in an amount of 0.

Abstract: A method of feeding a clutch cylinder in a hydraulically actuated clutch system in a motor vehicle and a respective hydraulically actuated clutch system are suggested. The clutch system comprises at least one clutch that can be closed by filling the clutch cylinder; and a hydraulic system that provides a system pressure and has a clutch control valve having an inlet and an outlet. A system pressure is applied at the inlet of the control valve; the clutch pressure for actuating the clutch is provided at the outlet; and the system pressure is decreased pressure prior to and during the filling of the clutch cylinder. The decreased system pressure allows a high volume flow and therefore a fast filling of the clutch cylinder without establishing a premature torque transmitting capacity in the clutch.

Abstract: A dual clutch transmission comprising a first partial transmission and a second partial transmission is provided. A first group of forward gears is allocated to the first partial transmission, a second group of forward gears is allocated to the second partial transmission, each one of the forward gears comprises a particular transmission ratio, two adjacent forward gears comprise adjacent transmission ratios with no transmission ratio of any other forward gear in between, and at least two adjacent forward gears are allocated to the second partial transmission. Further, such a control method for controlling the dual clutch transmission is provided that a torque transmitting gap is closed when gear shifting between the aforementioned two adjacent gears.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and a device for the thermal treatment of substrates in which the substrates are held in contact with or a small distance away from a heating plate, which is heated by a plurality of separately controllable heating elements on the side of the heating plate facing away from the substrate, the heating plate being surrounded, at least in its plane, by a frame spaced apart therefrom, and gas being conveyed, in a controlled manner, through a gap between the frame and at least one edge of the heating plate.

Abstract: A dual clutch transmission comprising a first partial transmission and a second partial transmission is described. A first group of forward gears is allocated to the first partial transmission, a second group of forward gears is allocated to the second partial transmission, each one of the forward gears comprises a particular transmission ratio, two adjacent forward gears comprise adjacent transmission ratios with no transmission ratio of any other forward gear in between, and at least two adjacent forward gears are allocated to the second partial transmission. The invention comprises further a control method for controlling the dual clutch transmission such that a torque transmitting gap is closed when gear shifting between the aforementioned two adjacent gears.

Abstract: A method of feeding a clutch cylinder in a hydraulically actuated clutch system in a motor vehicle and a respective hydraulically actuated clutch system are suggested. The clutch system comprises at least one clutch that can be closed by filling the clutch cylinder; and a hydraulic system that provides a system pressure and has a clutch control valve having an inlet and an outlet. A system pressure is applied at the inlet of the control valve; the clutch pressure for actuating the clutch is provided at the outlet; and the system pressure is decreased pressure prior to and during the filling of the clutch cylinder. The decreased system pressure allows a high volume flow and therefore a fast filling of the clutch cylinder without establishing a premature torque transmitting capacity in the clutch.

Abstract: A twin-clutch transmission, in particular for a motor vehicle, with a twin-clutch arrangement comprising a first and a second clutch, and a first and a second drive unit designed as an electric machine with a stator and a rotor. The rotor of the first drive unit is fixed to an input side of the transmission that is connected to an engine so that it rotates always at the rotational speed of the engine. The twin-clutch transmission can be switched back and forth between a serial and a parallel hybrid mode, these modes being established by means of the first and second drive units. The drive shaft of the second drive unit and the clutches have different rotational axes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a twin-clutch transmission, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: a twin-clutch arrangement with clutches, input shafts, at least one output shaft, a number of gearwheel pairs and drive units. The first drive unit is connected to the input side of the twin-clutch arrangement and the second drive unit is connected to one of the input shafts or to the output shaft. The invention relates also to a methods for controlling the twin-clutch transmission, for example with the steps of disengaging the first clutch and the second clutch if these are engaged, and starting the engine by means of the first drive unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring the diameter of an aortic annulus. The distal end of the device is equipped with an expandable cylindrical measuring head (1) which is designed to be introduced through the aortotomy into the outflow tract of the left ventricle of a heart, while the proximal end of the device is equipped with a means (5) for controlling and measuring the constant, adjustable measurement of the expansion of the head, said measuring head and control and measuring means being connected by a rod (4).

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and a device for the thermal treatment of substrates in which the substrates are held in contact with or a small distance away from a heating plate, which is heated by a plurality of separately controllable heating elements on the side of the heating plate facing away from the substrate, the heating plate being surrounded, at least in its plane, by a frame spaced apart therefrom, and gas being conveyed, in a controlled manner, through a gap between the frame and at least one edge of the heating plate.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of controlling a twin-clutch transmission (10). When the torque transmitted in a first transmission path (C1, E2, Z8, Z9, S2, Z3, Z4) reaches an upper limit given by the torque transmission capacity of that path further additional torque produced by an engine at the drive shaft (I) is transmitted by closure of the second clutch (C2) to the output shaft (O) in parallel relationship by way of a second transmission path (C2, E1, Z1, Z2, S1, Z3, Z4). That permits the output of the engine to be better utilised and makes it possible to achieve better travel characteristics.

Abstract: A device and method for cleaning the edges of substrates, including at least one cleaning head for receiving at least one nozzle element for supplying medium to a substrate. Formed in a main body of the cleaning head are a medium-suctioning port and an adjoining medium-suctioning duct. The cleaning head also has at least one first flange extending from the main body and having a flat side facing the port and extending essentially perpendicular to a surface of the main body containing the port. The nozzle element is provided on the flange and spaced from the main body, and has at least one outlet port opening in the direction that the flat side faces and directed substantially perpendicular thereto. The outlet port is recessed relative to the flat side or is flush therewith. During a cleaning process, the fat side is spaced by 0.05 to 0.5 mm from the substrate surface.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of controlling a twin-clutch transmission (10). When the torque transmitted in a first transmission path (C1, E2, Z8, Z9, S2, Z3, Z4) reaches an upper limit given by the torque transmission capacity of that path further additional torque produced by an engine at the drive shaft (I) is transmitted by closure of the second clutch (C2) to the output shaft (O) in parallel relationship by way of a second transmission path (C2, E1, Z1, Z2, S1, Z3, Z4). That permits the output of the engine to be better utilised and makes it possible to achieve better travel characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a twin-clutch transmission, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: a twin-clutch arrangement with clutches, input shafts, at least one output shaft, a number of gearwheel pairs and drive units. The first drive unit is connected to the input side of the twin-clutch arrangement and the second drive unit is connected to one of the input shafts or to the output shaft. The invention relates also to a methods for controlling the twin-clutch transmission, for example with the steps of disengaging the first clutch and the second clutch if these are engaged, and starting the engine by means of the first drive unit.

Abstract: A twin-clutch transmission, in particular for a motor vehicle, with a twin-clutch arrangement comprising: a first clutch; a second clutch; a first input shaft; a second input shaft; at least one output shaft; a number of engageable gearwheel pairs for connecting the input shafts to the at least one output shaft; a first drive unit; and a second drive unit having a drive shaft rotatable around a rotational axis. The clutches having a common rotational axis connect the first and second input shafts to an engine. A serial and/or parallel hybrid mode of the twin-clutch transmission can be established by means of the first and second drive units. The first drive unit is arranged coaxially with the first and second clutches and surrounds the clutches in the radial direction. The drive shaft of the second drive unit and the clutches have different rotational axes.

Abstract: In a transmission during a shifting process while torque is transferred from a power-outputting clutch, which is initially in the adhered state, to a power-receiving clutch, which is initially open, the power-receiving clutch increases torque capacity in a slip region, and the power-outputting clutch decreases torque capacity during an initial phase of the transfer of torque while its torque capacity is greater than necessary to maintain its adhered state. In the final state of the transfer of torque, the power-receiving clutch transmits the entire drive torque.

Abstract: In a transmission during a shifting process while torque is transferred from a power-outputting clutch, which is initially in the adhered state, to a power-receiving clutch, which is initially open, the power-receiving clutch increases torque capacity in a slip region, and the power-outputting clutch decreases torque capacity during an initial phase of the transfer of torque while its torque capacity is greater than necessary to maintain its adhered state. In the final state of the transfer of torque, the power-receiving clutch transmits the entire drive torque.

Abstract: In an automatically shiftable countershaft transmission, particularly for motor vehicles, the shift travels between the engagement points are established and the shift force may be varied as a function of gear step and dynamic load over the engagement travel. Depending on the functional phase, a lower force is provided during the synchronization phase, a higher force is provided during the shift-through phase and a lower force is provided during the dog-in phase.

Abstract: A countershaft transmission is provided for a motor vehicle having a prime mover. The transmission comprises a first input shaft carrying a first input gear, a second input shaft coaxial with the first input shaft carrying a second input gear, and a countershaft carrying a plurality of loose gearwheels, each of the loose gearwheels in meshing engagement with one of the input gears, respectively. A fixed gearwheel is carried by the countershaft in meshing engagement with the gearwheel on the first input shaft. A synchronizing clutch is carried by the countershaft for driving engaging one of the loose gearwheels carried by the countershaft to select a gear ratio. A first clutch is driven by the prime mover. The first clutch is releasably drivably connectable to the first transmission input shaft and the second transmission input shaft. A second clutch is interposed between the first clutch and the second input shaft for drivably connecting the first clutch and the second input shaft.