Abstract: A process for preparing o-xylene comprises the steps of a) dimerizing 2-butenes to 3,4- and/or 2,3-dimethylhexenes and b) aromatizing the 3,4- and/or 2,3-dimethylhexenes under dehydrogenating conditions to give o-xylene and is suitable for the selective preparation of o-xylene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for isomerization of pentene nitrile in an educt flow, wherein isomerization is performed on a homogeneously dissolved catalyst.

Abstract: A column is described for carrying out reactive distillations in the presence of a heterogeneous particulate catalyst having an ordered packing or random packings which form intermediate spaces in the column interior, the quotient of the hydraulic diameter for the gas flow through the ordered packing or the random packings and the equivalent diameter of the catalyst particles being in the range from 2 to 20, preferably in the range from 5 to 10, in such a manner that the catalyst particles are introduced into the intermediate spaces, distributed and discharged loose under the action of gravity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing tetrahydrogeranylacetone (tetrahydropseudoionone) by aldol condensation of citral with acetone and subsequent hydrogenation. The invention further relates to the use of thus obtained tetrahydro-geranylacetone for preparing phytol, isophytol, tocopherol and/or tocopherol derivatives. In addition, the invention relates to processes for preparing tocopherols and/or tocopherol derivatives.

Abstract: A process is proposed for obtaining a stream of aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising from 5 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, with an increased proportion of linear ?-olefins compared to a feed stream of aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising from 5 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, with a content of linear ?-olefins, linear internal olefins and dienes, wherein the feed stream is fed to a first distillation zone D1 having at least 5 theoretical plates, in which the linear ?-olefins are removed partly or fully as a component of a vapor stream which additionally also comprises the dienes, and at whose lower end a liquid stream is obtained which has been depleted partly or fully of linear ?-olefins, the liquid stream from the lower end of the first distillation zone D1 is introduced into a isomerization unit which is equipped with an isomerization catalyst over which the linear internal olefins are isomerized partly or fully to linear ?-olefins, and the linear ?-olefins formed in this way are removed as a component of

Abstract: A process is proposed for obtaining a stream of aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising from 4 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, with an increased proportion of linear ?-olefins compared to a feed stream of aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising from 4 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, with a content of linear ?-olefins, linear internal olefins and dienes, wherein the feed stream is fed to a first distillation zone D1 having at least 5 theoretical plates, in which the linear ?-olefins are removed partly or fully as a component of a vapor stream which additionally also comprises the dienes, and at whose lower end a liquid stream is obtained which has been depleted partly or fully of linear ?-olefins, the liquid stream from the lower end of the first distillation zone D1 is introduced into a isomerization unit which is equipped with an isomerization catalyst over which the linear internal olefins are isomerized partly or fully to linear ?-olefins, and the linear ?-olefins formed in this way are removed as a component of

Abstract: Process for the preparation of ethylenamines, in particular diethylenetriamine (DETA), by continuous reaction of ethylenediamine (EDA) in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, where the reaction is carried out in a reaction column.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing tetrahydrogeranylacetone in which pseudoionone, geranylacetone and/or dihydrogeranylacetone in a liquid phase, in which particles of a catalyst which is capable of preferentially hydrogenating carbon-carbon double bonds over carbon-oxygen double bonds are suspended, is conducted through a device which inhibits the transport of the catalyst particles in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas.

Abstract: A fixed-bed reactor is described for carrying out reactions of fluid reaction mixtures in the presence of a particulate heterogeneous catalyst having a structured packing which forms interstices in the reactor interior, in which the quotient of the hydraulic diameter for the fluid flow through the structured packing and the equivalent diameter of the catalyst particles is in the range from 2 to 20, preferably in the range from 5 to 10, to such an extent that the catalyst particles are introduced into the interstices, loosely distributed and discharged under the action of gravity.

Abstract: A dividing-wall column having a dividing wall which is essentially disposed along the long direction of the column is proposed, which divides the column interior into a feed part, a take off part, an upper shared column part and a lower shared column part, with feed in whole or in part in the vaporous state of a mixture to be separated between the upper region of the feed part and the lower region of the feed part and/or side stream take off in whole or in part in the vaporous state between the upper region of the take off part and the lower region of the take off part, where if feed is in whole or in part in the vaporous state the cross-sectional area of the upper region of the feed part is increased by plane-parallel displacement of the dividing wall toward the upper region of the take off part, and/or if the side stream take off is in whole or in part in the vaporous state, the cross-sectional area of the lower region of the take off part is increased by displacement of the dividing wall toward the lower r

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing tetrahydrogeranylacetone (tetrahydropseudoionone) by aldol condensation of citral with acetone and subsequent hydrogenation. The invention further relates to the use of thus obtained tetrahydro-geranylacetone for preparing phytol, isophytol, tocopherol and/or tocopherol derivatives. In addition, the invention relates to processes for preparing tocopherols and/or tocopherol derivatives.

Abstract: A process is described for isomerizing pentenenitrile in a reactant stream, wherein the isomerization is effected over a homogeneously dissolved catalyst.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of ethylenamines, in particular diethylenetriamine (DETA), by continuous reaction of ethylenediamine (EDA) in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, where the reaction is carried out in a reaction column.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing tetrahydrogeranylacetone in which pseudoionone, geranylacetone and/or dihydrogeranylacetone in a liquid phase, in which particles of a catalyst which is capable of preferentially hydrogenating carbon-carbon double bonds over carbon-oxygen double bonds are suspended, is conducted through a device which inhibits the transport of the catalyst particles in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas.

Abstract: A supported catalyst is proposed comprising one or more metal oxides as active component on a catalyst support for carrying out an aldol condensation, with the catalyst support being ?-aluminum oxide, the active component comprising one or more oxides of the elements having atomic numbers 39 or from 57 to 71 and the concentration of the active component being in the range from 5 to 12% by weight, based on the weight of the catalyst support.

Abstract: A dividing-wall column having a dividing wall which is essentially disposed along the long direction of the column is proposed, which divides the column interior into a feed part, a take off part, an upper shared column part and a lower shared column part, with feed in whole or in part in the vaporous state of a mixture to be separated between the upper region of the feed part and the lower region of the feed part and/or side stream take off in whole or in part in the vaporous state between the upper region of the take off part and the lower region of the take off part, where if feed is in whole or in part in the vaporous state the cross-sectional area of the upper region of the feed part is increased by plane-parallel displacement of the dividing wall toward the upper region of the take off part, and/or if the side stream take off is in whole or in part in the vaporous state, the cross-sectional area of the lower region of the take off part is increased by displacement of the dividing wall toward the lower r

Abstract: A dividing-wall column having a dividing wall which is essentially disposed along the long direction of the column is proposed, which divides the column interior into a feed part, a take off part, an upper shared column part and a lower shared column part, with feed in whole or in part in the vaporous state of a mixture to be separated between the upper region of the feed part and the lower region of the feed part and/or side stream take off in whole or in part in the vaporous state between the upper region of the take off part and the lower region of the take off part, where if feed is in whole or in part in the vaporous state the cross-sectional area of the upper region of the feed part is increased by plane-parallel displacement of the dividing wall toward the upper region of the take off part, and/or if the side stream take off is in whole or in part in the vaporous state, the cross-sectional area of the lower region of the take off part is increased by displacement of the dividing wall toward the lower r

Abstract: A supported catalyst is proposed comprising one or more metal oxides as active component on a catalyst support for carrying out an aldol condensation, with the catalyst support being ?-aluminum oxide, the active component comprising one or more oxides of the elements having atomic numbers 39 or from 57 to 71 and the concentration of the active component being in the range from 5 to 12% by weight, based on the weight of the catalyst support.

Abstract: A column is described for carrying out reactive distillations in the presence of a heterogeneous particulate catalyst having an ordered packing or random packings which form intermediate spaces in the column interior, the quotient of the hydraulic diameter for the gas flow through the ordered packing or the random packings and the equivalent diameter of the catalyst particles being in the range from 2 to 20, preferably in the range from 5 to 10, in such a manner that the catalyst particles are introduced into the intermediate spaces, distributed and discharged loose under the action of gravity.

Abstract: Process for carrying out a reactive distillation in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst which is suspended as disperse phase in the liquid, wherein part of the catalyst-containing suspension is continuously discharged from the column and is treated in a work-up stage and at least part of the work-up catalyst is returned to the column.