Abstract: A method allows analyzing and describing the reflective properties of a three-dimensionally structured original surface. The topology of the original surface is determined and the topological data are stored in the form of a depth map in a first data record and evaluated with respect to the influence of the data on the reflective properties. Each surface element is assigned a reflective value in accordance with the evaluation and the value is stored in a second data record and made available to other machining or inspection systems. There, the reflection values of the second data record are divided into classes and the depth values of the first data record, assigned to the classified reflection values, are varied in accordance with the classification. Finally, the changed depth values are employed as parameters for electronically controlling a tool in order to machine the artificially produced surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a roll mill having a grinding plate and at least one grinding roll rolling on the grinding plate, wherein material which is to be comminuted, after being subjected to loading in a gap formed between the grinding plate and grinding roll, is directed away over the periphery of the grinding plate and, furthermore, a stationary accumulating edge, which does not rotate along with the grinding plate, is provided, at least on that side of the grinding roll which is directed towards the periphery of the grinding plate, this accumulating edge forming at least part of an elevation of the periphery of the grinding plate. The elevation of the periphery of the grinding plate here is higher in the region of the grinding rolls than in the region between the grinding rolls, in order to prevent the material which is to be comminuted from escaping radially from the gap formed between the grinding plate and grinding roll.

Abstract: A closed single-use system for mixing, storing and homogenizing liquids, comprising an assembly constituted by a rigid container (1) fitted with a non-invasive pump (4), the container (1) enclosing a generally parallelepipedic single-use bag (2), the lower face and the upper face of which are connected in fixed manner by means of a mixing duct (3) which is inserted into the pump (4) and which, during operation, allows the closed-circuit circulation of the liquid in said bag (2), for example from the bottom of the bag to its top, the pump (4) being open so that the mixing duct (3) can be inserted into it and removed from it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a roll mill having a grinding plate and at least one grinding roll rolling on the grinding plate, wherein material which is to be comminuted, after being subjected to loading in a gap formed between the grinding plate and grinding roll, is directed away over the periphery of the grinding plate and, furthermore, a stationary accumulating edge, which does not rotate along with the grinding plate, is provided, at least on that side of the grinding roll which is directed towards the periphery of the grinding plate, this accumulating edge forming at least part of an elevation of the periphery of the grinding plate. The elevation of the periphery of the grinding plate here is higher in the region of the grinding rolls than in the region between the grinding rolls, in order to prevent the material which is to be comminuted from escaping radially from the gap formed between the grinding plate and grinding roll.

Abstract: A method for producing three-dimensionally structured surfaces of objects, the object surface being created as a reproduction of a three-dimensionally structured original surface with the aid of a machining tool. Accordingly, the topology of the original surface is first determined, a measured depth value being assigned to each surface or grid element, creating a depth map of the original surface. The depth values are evaluated in terms of their influence on the reflective properties of the surface elements and the reflective properties are stored in the form of parameters. The depth values are then modified in accordance with the reflective values and are used as topological data for the electronic control of a machining tool.

Abstract: A method allows analyzing and describing the reflective properties of a three-dimensionally structured original surface. The topology of the original surface is determined and the topological data are stored in the form of a depth map in a first data record and evaluated with respect to the influence of the data on the reflective properties. Each surface element is assigned a reflective value in accordance with the evaluation and the value is stored in a second data record and made available to other machining or inspection systems. There, the reflection values of the second data record are divided into classes and the depth values of the first data record, assigned to the classified reflection values, are varied in accordance with the classification. Finally, the changed depth values are employed as parameters for electronically controlling a tool in order to machine the artificially produced surface.

Abstract: A closed single-use system for mixing, storing and homogenizing liquids, comprising an assembly constituted by a rigid container (1) fitted with a non-invasive pump (4), said container (1) enclosing a generally parallelepipedic single-use bag (2), the lower face and the upper face of which are connected in fixed manner by means of a mixing duct (3) which is inserted into the pump (4) and which, during operation, allows the closed-circuit circulation of the liquid in said bag (2), for example from the bottom of the bag to its top, the pump (4) being open so that the mixing duct (3) can be inserted into it and removed from it.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of distributing a fluid. According to the invention, the following elements are connected simultaneously to a valve (1) which comprises multiple inlets and outlets and which is equipped with a check valve, namely: a fluid sampling and injecting device, such as a syringe (2); a gas (e.g. air) supply conduit; a supply conduit for the liquid to be distributed; and a discharge conduit (6). The inventive method consists in: drawing in the liquid to be distributed in order to transfer same to the sampling and injecting device (2), injecting the liquid into the discharge conduit (6), drawing in the gas in order to transfer same to the sampling and injecting device (2), and injecting the gas into the discharge conduit (6) in order to push the remaining liquid into the discharge conduit (6). The invention also relates to a device and kit for implementing said method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measuring device and a method for contactless detection of an angle of rotation or a torsional rotation. The measuring device includes a first resonator (2) and a second resonator (4). The two resonators (2, 4) have an essentially circular circumference, on which at least one protrusion and/or one recess is disposed. The two resonators (2, 4) are coplanar to one another and are also rotatable relative to one another. In addition, an exciter device (6) for exciting the resonators and a receiver device (6) for measuring a backscattered signal are present. Upon a relative rotation of the two resonators (2, 4) to one another, the resonant frequency changes, which is used as a measure for ascertaining the angle of rotation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for surveying the geometry of tunnels comprising measuring the position of a tunnel surface relative to an absolute three-dimensional coordinate system, using at least one reflectorless distance sensor mounted for orientation in three dimensions and calculating a deviation from a predefined geometry for the surface and displaying said deviation in real time.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for surveying the geometry of tunnels comprising measuring the position of a tunnel surface relative to an absolute three-dimensional coordinate system, using at least one reflectorless distance sensor mounted for orientation in three dimensions and calculating a deviation from a predefined geometry for the surface and displaying said deviation in real time.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for floor cleaning, with several wheels 4, 5, 6 being attached to a frame R in such a way that a curve movement about a momentary center MP, MP1, MP2 can be performed and all momentary centers MP, MP1, MP2 form a momentary center axis MA extending substantially transversally to the frame R, and with a cleaning device 24a, 24b being received in the frame R, which cleaning device forms a cleaning surface area RF which is delimited by a circumferential edge. In order to reduce uncleaned residual surfaces when moving along contours it is provided in accordance with the invention that the momentary center axis MA forms at least one point of intersection S1, S2 in a section of the circumferential edge disposed in the zone of the longitudinal side of the frame R.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a measuring device and a method for contactless detection of an angle of rotation or a torsional rotation. The measuring device includes a first resonator (2) and a second resonator (4). The two resonators (2, 4) have an essentially circular circumference, on which at least one protrusion and/or one recess is disposed. The two resonators (2, 4) are coplanar to one another and are also rotatable relative to one another. In addition, an exciter device (6) for exciting the resonators and a receiver device (6) for measuring a backscattered signal are present. Upon a relative rotation of the two resonators (2, 4) to one another, the resonant frequency changes, which is used as a measure for ascertaining the angle of rotation.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a GMR bridge detector as well as the bridge detector itself in which magnetoresistive resistors are interconnected in the form of a bridge to detect a magnetic field. The resistors consist of a material that exhibits the giant magnetoresistive ratio (GMR) effect. The magnetoresistive sensitivity of the individual resistors is produced through annealing. The annealing of the resistors takes place through selective feeding of a current that is sufficient for reaching the temperature required for annealing into the bridge connections. Depending on the wiring of the bridge connections, the resistors are provided with the property necessary for the GMR effect either singly or in pairs. As the material for the resistors, in particular, a material of the class of discontinuous multilayer materials, particularly NiFe/Ag, is used in which the GMR property is produced through single annealing at a specific temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for floor cleaning, with several wheels 4, 5, 6 being attached to a frame R in such a way that a curve movement about a momentary center MP, MP1, MP2 can be performed and all momentary centers MP, MP1, MP2 form a momentary center axis MA extending substantially transversally to the frame R, and with a cleaning device 24a, 24b being received in the frame R, which cleaning device forms a cleaning surface area RF which is delimited by a circumferential edge. In order to reduce uncleaned residual surfaces when moving along contours it is provided in accordance with the invention that the momentary center axis MA forms at least one point of intersection S1, S2 in a section of the circumferential edge disposed in the zone of the longitudinal side of the frame R.

Abstract: An arrangement is described for the equalization of a frequency signal, the arrangement including a channel filter and an equalizer connected downstream of the channel filter, for a satellite communication system in particular. The equalizer is an at least partially superconductive reflection equalizer.

Abstract: An electrically tunable planar filter has a filter element including a substrate having an upper side and a wave-guide arranged on the upper side of the substrate, at least one tuning element composed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of a ferroelectric material and an antiferroelectric material with adjustable voltage applied to the tuning element and thereby with an adjustable dielectric constant, the tuning element being arranged at the upper side of the substrate.

Abstract: A portion of the superconductor in a planar resonator made from that superconductor can be switched into the normally conducting state so that its effective lateral dimensions are changed. The special advantage of this planar resonator is that a switchable filter can be constructed very economically based on its planar resonator structure. Since no perturbing bodies are necessary in the field, the invention points the way to a switchable filter with reduced high frequency losses.

Abstract: A Josephson junction is disclosed which includes a substrate of a single crystal having a substantially flat surface, a wiring pattern of an oxide superconductor formed on the flat surface of the substrate, and an altered region formed having a width of 300 nm or less and formed in the wiring pattern to intersect the wiring pattern, the crystal orientations of the wiring pattern on both sides of the altered region being equal to each other.