Abstract: A laser-surgical apparatus includes a laser emitting laser light with a narrowband wavelength distribution, a digital image sensor or a plurality of digital image sensors that separately record(s) different color channels that represent mutually different spectral wavelength distributions with in each case one maximum corresponding to a specific spectral color and produce(s) separate pieces of image information for the individual color channels, and a graphics module for combining the separate pieces of image information into one color image. In addition, it includes a manipulation module for suppressing the laser light in the color image, which makes it possible to electronically manipulate the pieces of image information of the color channel the spectral wavelength distribution of which has the largest overlap with the narrowband wavelength distribution of the laser light before the separate pieces of image information are combined or during the combining of the separate pieces of image information.

Abstract: An optical device including a waveguide, electrodes, and a connecting dielectric is described. The waveguide includes an electro-optic material having a waveguide optical refractive index and a waveguide microwave dielectric constant. The electrodes include a first electrode and a second electrode. The waveguide is between the first electrode and the second electrode. At least a portion of the connecting dielectric is between the waveguide and electrodes. The connecting dielectric has a microwave dielectric constant greater than the waveguide microwave dielectric constant.

Abstract: An system and/or method for detecting outliers in satellite observations can include: receiving satellite observations associated with one or more satellite constellations; receiving sensor data; determining a GNSS positioning solution using a filter to process the satellite observations; determining a fused positioning solution; detecting whether outliers are present in the satellite observations; and when outliers are detected, updating the GNSS positioning solution and/or the fused positioning solution using a set of outlier mitigated satellite observations.

Abstract: A method can include receiving a set of satellite signals, refining the set of satellite signals to generate a refined set of satellite signals, determining a satellite solution for each satellite associated with a satellite signal in the refined set of satellite signals, applying an a-priori correction to the satellite signals, determining a set of time differenced satellite signals between the satellite signals from a current epoch and a previous epoch; and determining the positioning solution of the rover using a fusion engine that processes the differenced satellite signals and inertial measurement unit (IMU) data.

Abstract: An integrated electro-optic frequency comb generator based on ultralow loss integrated, e.g. thin-film lithium niobate, platform, which enables low power consumption comb generation spanning over a wider range of optical frequencies. The comb generator includes an intensity modulator, and at least one phase modulator, which provides a powerful technique to generate a broad high power comb, without using an optical resonator. A compact integrated electro-optic modulator based frequency comb generator, provides the benefits of integrated, e.g. lithium niobate, platform including low waveguide loss, high electro-optic modulation efficiency, small bending radius and flexible microwave design.

Abstract: An optical modulator that uses adiabatic tapers to change the width of the waveguides between multimode waveguides and single mode waveguides on a low-loss, e.g. thin-film lithium niobate, electro-optic platform. The architecture enables the utilization of the fundamental mode of multimode wide optical waveguides that have lower optical propagation loss without sacrificing the benefit of the signal integrity and ease of control of single mode operation.

Abstract: An system and/or method for detecting outliers in satellite observations can include: receiving satellite observations associated with one or more satellite constellations; receiving sensor data; determining a GNSS positioning solution using a filter to process the satellite observations; determining a fused positioning solution; detecting whether outliers are present in the satellite observations; and when outliers are detected, updating the GNSS positioning solution and/or the fused positioning solution using a set of outlier mitigated satellite observations.

Abstract: A hybrid photonics device package is described. The hybrid photonics device package includes an electro-optic integrated circuit and a photonics integrated circuit. The electro-optic integrated circuit includes an optical structure and an electrode on a first substrate. The optical structure has a thin film electro-optic layer including lithium. The photonics integrated circuit includes a second substrate and a photonics component on the second substrate. The photonics component and the optical structure are optically coupled. One of the electro-optic integrated circuit and the photonics integrated circuit is mounted on an other of the electro-optic integrated circuit and the photonics integrated circuit.

Abstract: An electro-optic device is described. The electro-optic device includes at least one optical material having an electro-optic effect. Further, the optical material(s) include lithium. The optical material(s) have a slab and a ridge waveguide. The slab has a top surface. The slab includes free surfaces. Each of the free surfaces is at a nonzero angle from the top surface of the slab and mitigates stress in the slab.

Abstract: An electro-optic device is described. The electro-optic device includes a thin film electro-optic layer including lithium and a lithium barrier structure. The thin film electro-optic layer has a plurality of surfaces. The lithium barrier structure covers at least a portion of the plurality of surfaces.

Abstract: An electro-optic device is described. The electro-optic device includes a substrate, an insulator on the substrate, an optical structure on the insulator and an electrode proximate to at least a portion of the optical structure. The substrate includes a trench region having a plurality of trenches therein. The trench region has an effective microwave index based on a substrate material and the plurality of trenches. The insulator is on the substrate. The optical structure is on the insulator. The optical structure has a thin film electro-optic layer including lithium. The electrode is proximate to a portion of the optical structure.

Abstract: An optical modulator that uses adiabatic tapers to change the width of the waveguides between multimode waveguides and single mode waveguides on a low-loss, e.g. thin-film lithium niobate, electro-optic platform. The architecture enables the utilization of the fundamental mode of multimode wide optical waveguides that have lower optical propagation loss without sacrificing the benefit of the signal integrity and ease of control of single mode operation.

Abstract: A method or system can include or be configured to receive a set of satellite observations, receiving sensor data, determining a position estimate and associated positioning error for a rover based on the set of satellite observations and the sensor data, determine a protection level associated with the position estimate based on a set of potential faults, and optionally provide an alert when the positioning error exceeds the protection level.

Abstract: An system and/or method for detecting outliers in satellite observations can include: receiving satellite observations associated with one or more satellite constellations; receiving sensor data; determining a GNSS positioning solution using a filter to process the satellite observations; determining a fused positioning solution; detecting whether outliers are present in the satellite observations; and when outliers are detected, updating the GNSS positioning solution and/or the fused positioning solution using a set of outlier mitigated satellite observations.

Abstract: An optical device includes a substrate, an oxide layer on the substrate and an electro-optic device on the oxide layer. The oxide layer is at least one micrometer thick. The electro-optic device includes an electro-optic material having a thickness of not more than one micrometer. The silicon substrate, oxide layer, and the electro-optic material terminate at an edge. At least one of the silicon substrate has a thickness of at least five hundred micrometers or the edge includes a recessed region corresponding to a portion of the oxide layer.

Abstract: A method can include receiving a set of satellite signals, refining the set of satellite signals to generate a refined set of satellite signals, determining a satellite solution for each satellite associated with a satellite signal in the refined set of satellite signals, applying an a-priori correction to the satellite signals, determining a set of time differenced satellite signals between the satellite signals from a current epoch and a previous epoch; and determining the positioning solution of the rover using a fusion engine that processes the differenced satellite signals and inertial measurement unit (IMU) data.

Abstract: A method and a system for controlling an output of an optical system, the method comprising generating a plurality of optical signal components having different optical properties and passing the generated optical signal components as input to an optical system comprising an optical device and/or an optical medium; an output of the optical system being based on interactions of the signal components within the optical device and/or the optical medium; and relative proportions of the optical signal components that are generated and individual optical properties thereof being selected to control the output of the optical system.

Abstract: An integrated electro-optic frequency comb generator based on ultralow loss integrated, e.g. thin-film lithium niobate, platform, which enables low power consumption comb generation spanning over a wider range of optical frequencies. The comb generator includes an intensity modulator, and at least one phase modulator, which provides a powerful technique to generate a broad high power comb, without using an optical resonator. A compact integrated electro-optic modulator based frequency comb generator, provides the benefits of integrated, e.g. lithium niobate, platform including low waveguide loss, high electro-optic modulation efficiency, small bending radius and flexible microwave design.

Abstract: A method or system can include or be configured to receive a set of satellite observations, receiving sensor data, determining a position estimate and associated positioning error for a rover based on the set of satellite observations and the sensor data, determine a protection level associated with the position estimate based on a set of potential faults, and optionally provide an alert when the positioning error exceeds the protection level.

Abstract: An optical device is described. The optical device includes a waveguide, a first engineered electrode, and a second engineered electrode. The waveguide includes at optical material(s) having an electro-optic effect. The optical material(s) include lithium. A portion of the waveguide has a waveguide width. The first engineered electrode includes a first channel region and first extensions protruding from the first channel region. The first extensions are closer to the portion of the waveguide than the first channel region is. The second engineered electrode includes a second channel region and second extensions protruding from the second channel region. The second extensions are closer to the portion of the waveguide than the second channel region is. A first extension of the first extensions is a distance from a second extension of the second \extensions. The distance is less than the waveguide width.