Abstract: Systems and methods of determining computing device characteristics from computer network activity are provided. A data processing system can obtain data identifying a global cluster that indicates an interest category and can create a sub-cluster of the global cluster based on a characteristic common to content access computing devices. A weight indicating a correlation between the characteristic common to content access computing devices and the interest category can be assigned to the sub-cluster. Responsive to a communication between a first content access computing device and a content publisher computing device, the data processing system can identify a characteristic. The data processing system can associate the first content access computing device with the sub-cluster based on the characteristic of the first content access computing device and the characteristic common to the content access computing devices, and based on the weight can determine a status of the first content access computing device.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which an erroneous lift of an intake valve of a cylinder is directly determined. The lift of an intake valve of at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine is diagnosed. A value for a specific cylinder which is representative of the air/fuel ratio in the respective cylinder is determined in an exhaust system branch of the internal combustion engine. At least one such value is compared to a predefined value. An erroneous lift of the intake valve is diagnosed as a function of the deviation of this at least one value from the predefined value.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which an erroneous lift of an intake valve of a cylinder is directly determined. The lift of an intake valve of at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine is diagnosed. A value for a specific cylinder which is representative of the air/fuel ratio in the respective cylinder is determined in an exhaust system branch of the internal combustion engine. At least one such value is compared to a predefined value. An erroneous lift of the intake valve is diagnosed as a function of the deviation of this at least one value from the predefined value.

Abstract: The resistor is designed in the form of a column and has a cylindrical resistor body which is arranged between two planar electrodes, aligned parallel, and is made of a ceramic material. The resistor is preferably a varistor on a metal-oxide base, and is then used as a voltage-limiting element in an overvoltage suppressor. The strength of the ceramic material and the length of the resistor are chosen to be as great as possible. However, the length of the resistor is at most sufficiently large that damage to the ceramic resistor body caused by thermally produced pressure waves is avoided when the resistor is loaded in an electrical field of given magnitude with at least one highly energetic current pulse of defined amplitude, form and duration.