Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include an apparatus for storing energy and/or generating energy. Some examples include: a memory storing at least two control strategies for the apparatus; and a control facility with a microcontroller for controlling the apparatus, wherein the microcontroller executes a control program. The control program carries out operation of the apparatus using a first of the at least two control strategies. The control facility changes the control strategy in response to a trigger, so that following the trigger, the control program carries out operation of the apparatus using a second of the at least two control strategies different from the first. The first control strategy and the second control strategy are stored separately from one another in the memory and separately from the control program in the control facility. The change in the control strategy takes place during the runtime of the control program.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the teachings herein include methods and/or systems for operating a power system having a central control unit and two power system components. The method may include: determining a self-estimated value for each power system component based on a respective state value; providing the central control unit with a present maximum amount of power for each of the components; receiving a request for a demanded electrical power; ascertaining a distribution variable relating to the demanded power for each component based on the self-estimated values and the maximum amount of power output; and distributing a demanded electrical power to the power system components. The power system components comprise an energy generator unit, an energy consumer unit, or an energy storage unit.

Abstract: Device for a system for layer-by-layer construction of a body (K) from a substance (S) which can be hardened by radiation, comprising a vat having a vat base for receiving the substance (S) which can be hardened by radiation, comprising a building platform which is arranged above the vat base and which is height-adjustable in relation to the vat base and comprising a sensor cooperating with the vat base, wherein the vat base is configured to be at least partially flexible, wherein a chamber is provided wherein the chamber is delimited by an underside of the vat base, wherein the sensor is adapted to detect a volume change of the chamber and to provide a sensor signal from which a sign of the volume change can be determined.

Abstract: A 3D printing system that includes a first light source and a second light source. The first light source emits a first light beam having a first wavelength that initiates polymerization of a photosensitive resin and the second light source emits a second light beam having a second wavelength that inhibits polymerization of the photosensitive resin. A dichroic mirror is placed in an optical path of the 3D printing system to superimpose the first and second beams, a digital micromirror device (DMD) spatially structures the superimposed first and second light beams into a spatial pattern as a spatially structured superimposed light beam, and a single optical system in the optical path projects the spatially structured superimposed light beam onto the photosensitive resin.

Abstract: A building plate assembly for use in an additive manufacturing apparatus including means for additively manufacturing a component through curing photocurable resin, the building plate assembly including: a building plate having a front surface on which the component can be attached during the additive manufacturing; a plurality of through holes formed between the rear surface and the front surface of the building plate; further including: a detachment means having one or more projections which can be relatively moved towards the rear surface and into the through-holes to detach the component from the front surface and, retracted to at least partly clear the through-holes. The through-holes and the corresponding projections are arranged in a two-dimensional array.

Abstract: A method of imposing quality requirements on a 3D model including support structures to be built by an additive manufacturing apparatus including: defining the surface geometry and the orientation of the 3D model with respect to the platform, the surface geometry includes surface segments. The method further includes attributing a degree of quality (L;H) to the surface segments respectively against post-processing for the subsequent removal of the support structures calculating, based on the defined orientation, the surface geometry and the degree of quality L;H) attributed; and adding the support structure to the 3D model based on the calculated positions and the degree of quality (L;H) attributed.

Abstract: A method of determining the orientation of a 3D Model to be generated by an additive manufacturing apparatus having a vat for holding photocurable material; and a platform for holding the 3D object corresponding to the 3D model. The platform is relatively movable with respect to the vat and the method includes a step of defining the surface geometry of the 3D model and the surface geometry includes surface segments si.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of determining layer thicknesses (t) of a three-dimensional model (1) for generation with an additive manufacturing apparatus, the method comprising: a step of determining the layer thicknesses (t) according to an adaptive slicing algorithm in which the thickness of a layer (2) is calculated through a relation based on the inclination of the normal vectors (n) of the surface elements (s) of the 3D model (1) which at least partly enclose the layer (2) from a horizontal direction (x; y) the method being characterized by further comprising: a step of selectively imposing on at least one surface element (s) of the 3D model (1) a precision requirement out of one or more selectable different precision requirements which respectively differently alter in the determination step the relation with respect to the inclination of the normal vector (n) of the said at least one surface element (s) which allows, through the altered relation, the layer thickness (t) to obtain a value

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a digital 3D model suitable to be generated and post-processed with an additive manufacturing system (1) comprising: an additive manufacturing apparatus (2) for generating the 3D object (3) corresponding to the prepared digital 3D model, attached to a platform (4) which can be gradually moved upwards, out of a fluid resin (5a) in a vat (6); and at least one post-processing apparatus (7) for performing at least one of washing, drying and curing the 3D object (3) received and maintained in the state attached to the platform (4) during the post-processing, the method comprising: a step of providing the digital 3D model; the method being characterized by further comprising: a step of determining fluid-collecting, basin-like, open regions (8) or fluid-sucking, dome-like, open regions (9) of the digital 3D model orientated in said state relative to the platform (4), and a step of including at least one drain channel (10) and/or at least one vent channel (11) in

Abstract: Device (1) for a system for layer-by-layer construction of a body (K) from a substance (S) which can be hardened by radiation, comprising a vat (3) having a vat base (2) for receiving the substance (S) which can be hardened by radiation, comprising a building platform (4) which is arranged above the vat base (2) and which is height-adjustable in relation to the vat base (2) and comprising a sensor (5) cooperating with the vat base (2), wherein the vat base (2) is configured to be at least partially flexible, wherein a chamber (6) is provided wherein the chamber (6) is delimited by an underside of the vat base (2), wherein the sensor (5) is adapted to detect a volume change of the chamber (6) and to provide a sensor signal from which a sign of the volume change can be determined.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for checking a sensor for soot particles in exhaust of an engine comprising: generating a sensor current between a first electrode and a second electrode of the sensor, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode define a gap through which the exhaust gas flows between the electrodes, by applying a difference in potential between the electrodes, wherein soot particles accumulate on the electrodes and, after a dwell time dependent on the preloading of the electrodes with soot particles, they move from a first electrode to the respective second electrode generating a flow of current as a measure of the quantity of soot in the stream of exhaust gas; determining whether a peak in the sensor current is measured after the switching off of the internal combustion engine; and if no peak in the sensor current is measured, flagging the particle sensor as faulty.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for checking a sensor for soot particles in exhaust of an engine comprising: generating a sensor current between a first electrode and a second electrode of the sensor, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode define a gap through which the exhaust gas flows between the electrodes, by applying a difference in potential between the electrodes, wherein soot particles accumulate on the electrodes and, after a dwell time dependent on the preloading of the electrodes with soot particles, they move from a first electrode to the respective second electrode generating a flow of current as a measure of the quantity of soot in the stream of exhaust gas; determining whether a peak in the sensor current is measured after the switching off of the internal combustion engine; and if no peak in the sensor current is measured, flagging the particle sensor as faulty.

Abstract: An injection valve includes a nozzle needle that suppresses a metered addition of fluid in a closed position and otherwise allows the metered addition of fluid. The valve includes a control chamber hydraulically coupled to the nozzle needle such that the fluid pressure of the chamber influences the nozzle needle position. The pressure of the chamber can be influenced by a control valve having a control valve body. The injection valve includes a solid state actuator that acts on the control valve body. To perform a closing operation of the nozzle needle, the control valve body is controlled to the closed position by partially discharging the solid state actuator to a predetermined partial charge such that the actuator remains force-coupled to the control valve body even after the closed position of the control valve body has been reached. The actuator is used as a pressure sensor during the closing operation.

Abstract: In a method for detecting rotational speed of an internal combustion engine (1), a sector wheel (4) which is driven by the internal combustion engine (1) is scanned, the run of a specific segment of the sector wheel is detected, the duration of said segment-run is measured and a rotational speed value is determined therefrom, the duration of the run a specific segment is re-measured, a relative variation between two consecutive segment-runs is determined and the rotational speed value is determined therefrom.

Abstract: In a method for detecting rotational speed of an internal combustion engine (1), a sector wheel (4) which is driven by the internal combustion engine (1) is scanned, the throughflow of a specific segment of the sector wheel is detected, the duration of said segment-throughflow is measured and a rotational speed value is determined therefrom. Additionally, the throughflow of a specific part of the segment is detected before and after determination of the rotational speed value and a gradient of the duration of the partial segment throughflow is determined in order to update the rotational speed value.

Abstract: In a method for detecting rotational speed of an internal combustion engine (1), a sector wheel (4) which is driven by the internal combustion engine (1) is scanned, the throughflow of a specific segment of the sector wheel is detected, the duration of said segment-throughflow is measured and a rotational speed value is determined therefrom. Additionally, the throughflow of a specific part of the segment is detected before and after determination of the rotational speed value and a gradient of the duration of the partial segment throughflow is determined in order to update the rotational speed value.

Abstract: In a method for detecting rotational speed of an internal combustion engine (1), a sector wheel (4) which is driven by the internal combustion engine (1) is scanned, the run of a specific segment of the sector wheel is detected, the duration of said segment-run is measured and a rotational speed value is determined therefrom, the duration of the run of a specific segment is re-measured, a relative variation between two consecutive segment-runs is determined and the rotational speed value is determined therefrom.