Abstract: A spectrometer apparatus is disclosed that includes at least one light source for irradiating a sample with light, an optical detection device for detecting light scattered by the sample, at least one optical filter device, which is arranged in front of and/or behind the sample, a contact sensor device for determining a contact between the sample and the spectrometer apparatus and for outputting a corresponding output signal, a control device for controlling the light source and the detection device in response to the output signal. The control device is designed such that the control device modifies at least one operating parameter of the light source and the detection device, when the output signal indicates the contact between the sample and the spectrometer apparatus. A method for operating a spectrometer apparatus is disclosed as well.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for changing bending tools (15, 16) in a bending machine (2) for bending metal sheets, in particular in a press brake, comprising at least one tool magazine (6) for storing the bending tools (15, 16), which, when positioned in a working area of the bending machine (2), cause the metal sheets to bend. The at least one tool magazine (6) is arranged on a frame (3) which is configured to be positioned in a free-standing manner without a mechanical connection to the bending machine (2) in an operating position of the device (1), wherein the at least one tool magazine (6) can be moved from a first position out of the frame (3) into a second position, in which at least a part of the tool magazine (6) that can be moved out lies in a contact-free manner within the bending machine (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for changing bending tools (15, 16) in a bending machine (2) for bending metal sheets, in particular in a press brake, comprising at least one tool magazine (6) for storing the bending tools (15, 16), which, when positioned in a working area of the bending machine (2), cause the metal sheets to bend. The at least one tool magazine (6) is arranged on a frame (3) which is configured to be positioned in a free-standing manner without a mechanical connection to the bending machine (2) in an operating position of the device (1), wherein the at least one tool magazine (6) can be moved from a first position out of the frame (3) into a second position, in which at least a part of the tool magazine (6) that can be moved out lies in a contact-free manner within the bending machine (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a positionable robotic cell for placement at a bending machine. The robotic cell comprises a frame for receiving the robot and a receiving device for a workpiece as well as a positioning device for repositioning the robotic cell. Moreover, a first sensor device is provided for recognizing the position of the robotic cell relative to the manufacturing device. The invention furthermore relates to a production facility with a bending machine and with such a robotic cell as well as a method for operating such a robotic cell at a bending machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a positionable robotic cell for placement at a bending machine. The robotic cell comprises a frame for receiving the robot and a receiving device for a workpiece as well as a positioning device for repositioning the robotic cell. Moreover, a first sensor device is provided for recognizing the position of the robotic cell relative to the manufacturing device. The invention furthermore relates to a production facility with a bending machine and with such a robotic cell as well as a method for operating such a robotic cell at a bending machine.

Abstract: A piezoelectric bending transducer includes two piezoceramic layers each having two sides and electrodes on both of the sides. A graphite fiber layer is glued between the piezoceramic layers with an epoxy resin. The graphite fiber layer has a greater length than the two piezoceramic layers defining an exposed part of the graphite fiber layer. A copper foil is glued to the exposed part. The copper foil has an area for disposition of a solder contact. A process for producing a bending transducer includes placing a graphite fiber layer impregnated with incompletely hardened epoxy resin between two polarized piezoceramic layers. The graphite fiber layer is glued between the piezoceramic layers upon hardening of the epoxy resin. A copper foil is glued onto the graphite fiber layer, preferably simultaneously with the gluing of the two piezoceramic layers.

Abstract: A circuit configuration protects the terminals of integrated circuits, in particular CMOS circuits. The circuit configuration includes bypass transistors connected between the terminals of the integrated circuit and respective supply potential terminals. The bypass transistors are thin-oxide transistors of the n-channel type and are connected such that their gate-to-source voltage is zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge display device of the plasma panel type comprising a gas filled gas-tight enclosure which contains a front plate, a rear plate, and a control plate subdividing the interior of the enclosure into two chambers. The control plate bears, on its two sides, electrode paths which are capable of being actuated separately, and forming row and column conductors respectively, of a matrix, said control plate being perforated, together with these paths, at the intersection points of the matrix.In order to keep the front plate at a minimal distance of approximately 1 mm relative to the control plate, according to the invention, web-shaped spacing elements with an essentially constant wall thickness are provided. The spacing elements extend in the plane of the control plate, are led past the perforations of the control plate, and run, alternating in sections, essentially parallel to, or at an angle, respectively, to the matrix conductors facing the front plate.

Abstract: A substantially homogeneous ceramic mass comprised of about 48 to 88 wt. % of alumina; about 4 to 12 wt. % of polyvinyl butyral; about 0.5 to 5 wt. % of polypropylene oxide - ethylene oxide block polymer; about 3 to 10 wt. % of a polymer solution comprised of acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters and mixed polymers thereof; about 3 to 10 wt. % of a polyvalent alcohol and mixtures of such alcohols; about 1 to 5 wt. % of triethylene glycol and about 0.5 to 10 wt. % of water is produced and vacuum-extruded into an endless relatively flat strip, dried to a green state, shaped into a desired substrate shape and, if to be used with thin layer circuits, subjected to a plane-parallel pressure of about 9,000 to 12,000 N/cm.sup.2 and then fired or sintered into rigid ceramic substrates.