Abstract: A method of producing a multilayer magnetoelectronic device and a related device. The method includes depositing a multilayer structure including at least two ferromagnetic layers disposed one on top of the other and each having a magnetic anisotropy with a corresponding magnetic moment. A magnetization curve is specified for the magnetoelectronic device. The number of ferromagnetic layers and, for each of the ferromagnetic layers, the magnetic moment and the magnetic hardness for obtaining the specified magnetization curve are determined. For each of the ferromagnetic layers a magnetic material, a thickness, an azimuthal angle and an angle of incidence are determined for obtaining the determined magnetic moment and magnetic hardness of the respective ferromagnetic layer. The multilayer structure is deposited using the determined material, thickness, azimuthal angle and angle of incidence for each of the ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a wellbore may include a transducing element transducing a first property into a second property, a sensing element generating a signal in response to the second property, a layer deposited on the transducing element and defining a track, and an active electronic component. The sensing element is fixedly connected to the transducing element. The active electronic component is fixedly connected to the transducing element and is in communication with the sensing element via the track. A related method forms a downhole tool with the apparatus and operates the downhole tool in the wellbore.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a wellbore may include a transducing element transducing a first property into a second property, a sensing element generating a signal in response to the second property, a layer deposited on the transducing element and defining a track, and an active electronic component. The sensing element is fixedly connected to the transducing element. The active electronic component is fixedly connected to the transducing element and is in communication with the sensing element via the track. A related method forms a downhole tool with the apparatus and operates the downhole tool in the wellbore.

Abstract: A method of producing a multilayer magnetoelectronic device and a related device. The method includes depositing a multilayer structure including at least two ferromagnetic layers disposed one on top of the other and each having a magnetic anisotropy with a corresponding magnetic moment. A magnetization curve is specified for the magnetoelectronic device. The number of ferromagnetic layers and, for each of the ferromagnetic layers, the magnetic moment and the magnetic hardness for obtaining the specified magnetization curve are determined. For each of the ferromagnetic layers a magnetic material, a thickness, an azimuthal angle and an angle of incidence are determined for obtaining the determined magnetic moment and magnetic hardness of the respective ferromagnetic layer. The multilayer structure is deposited using the determined material, thickness, azimuthal angle and angle of incidence for each of the ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the synthesis and applications of new cationic compounds being useful as metal ligands. Specifically, N-alkyl/aryl substituted pyridiniophosphines are prepared and used as ligands for transition metals. The so-obtained metal complexes and their use as catalysts in chemical synthesis is also described. It also worth mentioning that N-alkyl/aryl pyridiniophosphines can be synthesized through a short, scalable and highly modular route.

Abstract: A method of producing a multilayer magnetoelectronic device and a related device. The method includes depositing a multilayer structure including at least two ferromagnetic layers disposed one on top of the other and each having a magnetic anisotropy with a corresponding magnetic moment. A magnetization curve is specified for the magnetoelectronic device. The number of ferromagnetic layers and, for each of the ferromagnetic layers, the magnetic moment and the magnetic hardness for obtaining the specified magnetization curve are determined. For each of the ferromagnetic layers a magnetic material, a thickness, an azimuthal angle and an angle of incidence are determined for obtaining the determined magnetic moment and magnetic hardness of the respective ferromagnetic layer. The multilayer structure is deposited using the determined material, thickness, azimuthal angle and angle of incidence for each of the ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the synthesis and applications of new cationic compounds being useful as metal ligands. Specifically, N-alkyl/aryl substituted pyridiniophosphines are prepared and used as ligands for transition metals. The so-obtained metal complexes and their use as catalysts in chemical synthesis is also described. It also worth mentioning that N-alkyl/aryl pyridiniophosphines can be synthesized through a short, scalable and highly modular route.

Abstract: A method of producing a multilayer magnetoelectronic device and a related device. The method includes depositing a multilayer structure including at least two ferromagnetic layers disposed one on top of the other and each having a magnetic anisotropy with a corresponding magnetic moment. A magnetization curve is specified for the magnetoelectronic device. The number of ferromagnetic layers and, for each of the ferromagnetic layers, the magnetic moment and the magnetic hardness for obtaining the specified magnetization curve are determined. For each of the ferromagnetic layers a magnetic material, a thickness, an azimuthal angle and an angle of incidence are determined for obtaining the determined magnetic moment and magnetic hardness of the respective ferromagnetic layer. The multilayer structure is deposited using the determined material, thickness, azimuthal angle and angle of incidence for each of the ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrophotographic toner or developer, powder coating, ink jet ink or an electronic media having an azo colorant prepared by conducting the diazotization of aromatic or hetaromatic amines or the azo coupling reaction or the diazotization and the azo coupling reaction in a microreactor.

Abstract: A process for producing high-purity azo colorants is characterized in that (a) at least the azo coupling is carried out in a micro-reactor, (b) the azo-dye produced in the micro-reactor is brought into intimate contact with an organic solvent from the group of the C3-C6 alcohols, the C4-C10 ether alcohols and the halogenated aromatics at a temperature from 0 to 60° C., and (c) the azo dye produced in the micro-reactor is subjected to membrane purification in an aqueous or solvent-containing suspension.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing alkylene glycol diethers by reacting a linear or cyclic ether with an alkylene oxide in the presence of a Lewis acid. The invention is characterized in that the reaction is continuously carried out in a micro reactor.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrophotographic toner or developer, powder coating, ink jet ink or an electronic media having an azo colorant prepared by conducting the diazotization of aromatic or hetaromatic amines or the azo coupling reaction or the diazotization and the azo coupling reaction in a microreactor.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrophotographic toner or developer, powder coating, ink jet ink or an electronic media having an azo colorant prepared by conducting the diazotization of aromatic or hetaromatic amines or the azo coupling reaction or the diazotization and the azo coupling reaction in a microreactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carrying out chemical and physical methods, in particular for producing organic pigments or the preparations based thereon. The inventive method consists in injecting at least two liquids or suspensions in a vertex chamber, without using carrying gas, with the aid of two end pipes which are not coaxially oriented.

Abstract: The invention is directed to cleaning of micro- and mini-reactors for controlled process management and for avoiding blockages on carrying out chemical reactions and physical processes. The invention is characterized in that the micro- or mini-reactor is cleaned by means of a controlled pressure increase with a subsequent sudden release or with a gas pressure surge in a cyclical manner or using a controller. Wall deposits formed from solid material(s) involved in the chemical synthesis or the physical process are thus almost completely removed such that, after the cleaning procedure, the initial operating pressure can be set in the micro- or mini-reactor. A blockage of the micro- or mini-reactor can thus be avoided and the transferring of said production method to the production scale with micro- or mini-reactors is possible for the first time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for adjusting the dosage of reaction components in a continuous azoic coupling reaction characterized in that the redox potential of the reaction mixture is measured online in the main flow after it exits from a continually operated reactor in a flow measurement cell with the aid of a rotating redox electrode which is arranged crosswise in relation to the direction of flow of the reaction mixture. The invention also relates to a flow measurement cell for carrying out said method, characterized by the following: a rotating redox electrode (1) which is arranged approximately in the middle of the flow pipe (2) of the flow measurement cell in a crosswise position with relation to the direction of flow of the reaction mixture and rotatably mounted in a sliding contact (3) for picking up a signal; a rod-shaped body (4) which enters into contact with the rotating redox electrode and which has a cleaning effect; a reference electrode (5) and a pH electrode (6).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the fine division of pigments which comprises spraying a coarsely crystalline crude pigment and/or a poorly dispersible prepigment in suspension form through nozzles to a point of conjoint collision in a reactor chamber enclosed by a housing in a microjet reactor, a gas or an evaporating liquid being passed into the reactor chamber through an opening in the housing for the purpose of maintaining a gas atmosphere in the reactor chamber, and the resulting pigment suspension and the gas or the evaporated liquid being removed from the reactor through a further opening in the housing by means of overpressure on the gas entry side or underpressure on the product and gas exit side.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrophotographic toner or developer, powder coating, ink jet ink or an electronic media having an azo colorant prepared by conducting the diazotization of aromatic or hetaromatic amines or the azo coupling reaction or the diazotization and the azo coupling reaction in a microreactor.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing azo colorants which comprises spraying one or more coupling components individually or in a mixture and one or more compatible diazonium salts individually or in a mixture, in their solution or suspension form through nozzles to a point of conjoint collision in a reactor chamber enclosed by a housing in a microjet reactor, a gas or an evaporating liquid being passed into the reactor chamber through an opening in the housing for the purpose of maintaining a gas atmosphere in the reactor chamber, and the resulting product solution or suspension and the gas or the evaporated liquid being removed from the reactor through a further opening in the housing by means of overpressure on the gas entry side or underpressure on the product and gas exit side.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the fine division of pigments which comprises dissolving coarsely crystalline crude pigments in a solvent and precipitating them with a liquid precipitation medium by spraying the pigment solution and the precipitation medium through nozzles to a point of conjoint collision in a reactor chamber enclosed by a housing in a microjet reactor, a gas or an evaporating liquid being passed into the reactor chamber through an opening in the housing for the purpose of maintaining a gas atmosphere in the reactor chamber, and the resulting pigment suspension and the gas or the evaporated liquid being removed from the reactor through a further opening in the housing by means of overpressure on the gas entry side or underpressure on the product and gas exit side.