Abstract: A method for initially preparing an at least partially data-based aging state model for an electrical energy storage means is disclosed. The method includes providing a number of energy storage means on a test bench for measurement based on a respective load profile, wherein the load profiles are different and characterize a chronological trend of at least one load-imposing operational variable for the energy storage means. The method also includes operating the number of energy storage means having the respective associated load profile and recording chronological operational variable trends. Further, the method includes at a predetermined evaluation timepoint, determining an aging state of a subset of the energy storage means as a label based on an input vector, and generating a training data set, which includes the operational variable trends and the determined label, for each energy storage means of the subset of the energy storage means.

Abstract: When detecting the combustion noise on a combustion engine (10) by using a knock sensor (14), the problem arises in that prior art methods cannot determine with sufficient accuracy how much fuel reaches the cylinder (11) of the combustion engine (10) during a specified injection pulse. For different reasons, e.g. for minimizing the fuel consumption or for optimizing exhaust emissions, a multiple injection with, in part, the smallest quantities of fuel is commonly used in today's combustion engines (10) that require a precise fuel metering. To this end, the measuring window (M) for detecting the combustion noises of an individual injection pulse with regard to its starting and/or ending position is variably formed according to operating parameters so that only the combustion noises taken into consideration are detected that serve as a measure for the injected quantity of fuel.

Abstract: When detecting the combustion noise on a combustion engine (10) by using a knock sensor (14), the problem arises in that prior art methods cannot determine with sufficient accuracy how much fuel reaches the cylinder (11) of the combustion engine (10) during a specified injection pulse. For different reasons, e.g. for minimizing the fuel consumption or for optimizing exhaust emissions, a multiple injection with, in part, the smallest quantities of fuel is commonly used in today's combustion engines (10) that require a precise fuel metering. To this end, the measuring window (M) for detecting the combustion noises of an individual injection pulse with regard to its starting and/or ending position is variably formed according to operating parameters so that only the combustion noises taken into consideration are detected that serve as a measure for the injected quantity of fuel.

Abstract: According to an adaptation method for an injection system of an internal combustion engine, a deceleration phase of the internal combustion engine is initially detected. Within this deceleration phase the injection system activation time is varied more selectively and the combustion energy of the following combustion process is measured. On this basis a minimum injection system activation time is determined for an actually injected minimum quantity of fuel.

Abstract: In the case of direct injection internal combustion engines, the problem occurs that especially the injection of a minimum amount of fuel depends in particular on different operating parameters such as the speed, the start of the injection or the rail pressure. Therefore, a method or a device is suggested in which a control unit (10) subdivides the complete range of values of at least one operating parameter into discrete sections. Subsequently, for each section, at least one operating point is specified for which a corresponding correction value depending on the operating parameter is determined and obtained. The correction value is then stored together with its corresponding operating point. This has the advantage that the correction value can be determined more accurately because interpolation can for example also be performed between two operating points.

Abstract: In the case of direct injection internal combustion engines, the problem occurs that especially the injection of a minimum amount of fuel depends in particular on different operating parameters such as the speed, the start of the injection or the rail pressure. Therefore, a method or a device is suggested in which a control unit (10) subdivides the complete range of values of at least one operating parameter into discrete sections. Subsequently, for each section, at least one operating point is specified for which a corresponding correction value depending on the operating parameter is determined and obtained. The correction value is then stored together with its corresponding operating point. This has the advantage that the correction value can be determined more accurately because interpolation can for example also be performed between two operating points.

Abstract: Circuitry having at least two stores for the periodical storage of instantaneous values of at least two similar stochastic signals, at least two comparison circuits for comparing during a comparison time interval the stored values with subsequently occurring values of the other signal and for the formation of two positive functions depending on the comparison results, a device for the temporal integration of the differences of the two functions, and a device for indicating the sign of the result of the integration thus providing a determination of the direction of the mutual temporal shift T of the two stochastic signals.