Abstract: A method and apparatus for dispersal of aggregates of red and white blood cells and platelets. The present invention employs a sonic or ultrasonic device to efficiently breakup aggregates of red and white blood cells and platelets by driving the ultrasonic signal over a small range of frequencies around the acoustic slow wave frequency of the agglomerate. At this frequency, the fluid vibrates out of phase with the solid and is forced out through the pore structure in the agglomerate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for and aggregates in a fluid medium. The present invention employs an ultrasonic device to efficiently breakup particle agglomerates by driving the ultrasonic signal over a small range of frequencies around the acoustic slow wave frequency of the saturated agglomerate. At this frequency, the fluid vibrates out of phase with the solid and is forced out through the pore structure in the agglomerate. This relative fluid motion to exert high viscous stresses at the particle-particle contact points which leads to fracture of the agglomerate and the redispersion of the individual particles. The apparatus includes a dispersing vessel containing aggregates of particles in a fluid, a sonic member for applying an ultrasonic signal in said dispersing vessel for separating the aggregates to form dispersed particles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for and aggregates in a fluid medium. The present invention employs an ultrasonic device to efficiently breakup particle agglomerates by driving the ultrasonic signal over a small range of frequencies around the acoustic slow wave frequency of the saturated agglomerate. At this frequency, the fluid vibrates out of phase with the solid and is forced out through the pore structure in the agglomerate. This relative fluid motion to exert high viscous stresses at the particle-particle contact points which leads to fracture of the agglomerate and the redispersion of the individual particles. The apparatus includes a dispersing vessel containing aggregates of particles in a fluid, a sonic member for applying an ultrasonic signal in said dispersing vessel for separating the aggregates to form dispersed particles.

Abstract: An image drying and fixing apparatus for affixing an image to a copy substrate, wherein a drying oven defining a copy substrate inlet and outlet is provided with a conveyor for advancing the copy substrate through the drying oven, and an image impacting system disposed along the path of travel of the copy substrate for pressing the image onto the copy substrate in image configuration. The image impacting system includes a pair of cooperating roll members forming a nip through which the copy substrate having the image thereon passes, with the image impacting system being selectively positionable along the path of travel of the copy substrate for optimizing the process of affixing the image to the copy substrate. The image drying and fixing apparatus may also include a radiant heating device situated within the drying oven, positioned for radiating thermal energy in the direction of the copy substrate immediately prior to passage of the copy substrate through the copy substrate output.

Abstract: A roller for improved conditioning of an image formed from a liquid developer comprised of toner particles and liquid carrier. A wire mesh uniformly covering an inner layer of the roller uniformly distributes an electrical bias closer to the surface of the roller and to the adjacent image bearing surface. The electrical bias has the same sign polarity as that of the toner particles of the image, to electrostatically repel and prevent the toner particles from entering the roller, and for compacting the toner particles to the image. The wire mesh reduces the electrical requirements of the materials used for the roller.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrostatographic imaging member comprising: (a) a supporting substrate including an electrically conductive surface; (b) at least one electrostatographic imaging layer; and (c) an electrically conductive grounding layer adjacent to the at least one imaging layer and in electrical contact with the electrically conductive surface, wherein the grounding layer is comprised of alkyl acrylamidoglycolate alkyl ether polymer.

Abstract: A roller for increasing the rate of permeability of liquid carrier from an image formed from a liquid developer comprised of toner particles and liquid carrier. Perforations formed through the skin covering of the blotter roller provide high quality transfer of an image having maximum toner particles and minimal liquid carrier to a final copy sheet, at an increased process speed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for forming images which comprises generating an electrostatic image on an imaging member, developing the electrostatic image with a toner, optionally transferring the developed toner image from the imaging member to a substrate, applying to the developed toner image a curable liquid in which the toner is at least partially soluble, and curing the liquid to a solid.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member is disclosed which contains a substrate having an electrically conductive surface, a dried continuous adhesive layer comprising a semi-interpenetrating network derived from a coating mixture comprising a blend of a self-crosslinkable polyurethane and a non-self-crosslinkable polyurethane, a thin homogeneous charge generating layer, and a charge transport layer comprising a film forming polymer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member comprising a supporting substrate, at least one photoconductive layer and an overcoating layer having one side contiguous with the electrophotographic imaging layer and the other side exposed to the ambient atmosphere, the overcoating layer comprising a solid solution or molecular dispersion of a metal acetyl acetonate in an insulating film forming polymer.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for forming at least one thin substantially uniform fluid coating comprising polymeric film forming material on a cylindrical mandrel, solidifying the fluid coating to form a uniform solid coating and separating the uniform solid coating from the mandrel. The process may comprise forming at least one thin substantially uniform fluid coating comprising polymeric film forming material around a cylindrical mandrel, the mandrel having a larger mass or lower thermal conductivity than the polymeric film forming material and a critical surface tension greater than the surface tension of the fluid coating, solidifying the fluid coating to form at least one thin substantially uniform solid coating comprising the polymeric film forming material around the cylindrical mandrel, heating both the uniform solid coating and the mandrel to a temperature at least above the apparent T.sub.

Abstract: A process for forming an overcoated electrophotographic imaging member comprising applying on an electrophotographic imaging member a coating in liquid form comprising a cross-linkable siloxanol-colloidal silica hybrid material having at least one silicon bonded hydroxyl group per every three --SiO-- units and a catalyst for the cross-linkable siloxanol-colloidal silica hybrid material, the coating in liquid form having an acid number less than about 1 and curing the cross-linkable siloxanol-colloidal silica hybrid material until the siloxanol-colloidal silica hybrid material forms a hard cross-linked solid organosiloxane-silica hybrid polymer layer.