Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for forming complexes between dsDNA and novel oligomers comprising fused six-membered rings. By appropriate choice of target sequences and oligomers, complexes comprising oligomer-DNA are obtained with high association constants. The formation of complexes can be used for identification of specific dsDNA sequences, for inhibiting gene transcription, and as a therapeutic for inhibiting proliferation of undesired cells or modulation of expression of specific genes.

Abstract: Solid particles bearing zwitterionic functional groups exhibit properties unlike other functionalized particles, and are particularly useful as proton-conductive fillers in membranes for fuel cells, where they increase physical properties as well as charge conducting properties. The particles are prepared by reacting functionalized particles with zwitterionic group-containing silanes or siloxanes.

Abstract: Particles useful in curable coating systems are functionalized on their surface with a blocked isocyanate functionality. The blocked isocyanate is generated by reacting an organosilane having an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom ? to the silyl group, or having a cyclic structure containing N or O in the ring, attached directly to silicon.

Abstract: Coating formulations suitable for demanding applications such as automotive clear and top coats contain a hydroxyl-functional film forming resin, an isocyanate or blocked isocyanate curative, and functionalized metal oxide particles, where >50% of the reactive functionalities are more reactive towards isocyanates than at least 60% of the hydroxyl groups of the film forming resin. Coatings prepared therefrom have excellent abrasion resistance, even with low filler content.

Abstract: Polymer blends containing polymers or low molecular weight compounds containing groups of the formula ?Si—O—C(R1)(R2)(R3) where R1, R2, and R3 are hydrogen, halogen, or an organic radical, not more than two of which are hydrogen, may be cured thermally or photochemically to produce solvent resistant polymers. The curing may take place in the absence of water.

Abstract: Particles of metal and non-metal oxides may be readily functionalized with organosilyl groups, even in the absence of catalysts, when methylene-spaced alkoxysilanes are used for functionalizing. When an excess of alkoxy groups relative to metal-OH groups are present, the resulting functionalized particles exhibit high reactivity, particularly upon exposure to moisture. Functionalization is particularly useful with particles of organopolysiloxane resins.

Abstract: Pulverulent particles (P) have surface groups of the general formula (1): —O1+n—SiR12?n—B, the average diameter of the particles (P) following dispersion in water with a pH range of 1 to 12 being less than or equal to 200 nm, and being determined as the average hydrodynamic equivalent diameter in the form of the Z-average by means of photon correlation spectroscopy, R1 being an optionally substituted aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 1-12 carbon atoms, B being an optionally substituted aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical containing at least one organic acid function and/or salt thereof, and n being 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: Phosphonatoalkylsilyl-functional particles have high stability and resistance to agglomeration. When used in curable binder compositions, the particles contribute to a high level of scratch resistance.

Abstract: Oligomers are prepared by polymerizing unsaturated silanes, optionally along with a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The oligomers are particularly useful for preparing core-shell particles.

Abstract: Alkoxysilyl-terminated prepolymers in which the alkoxysilyl group is linked to a tertiary nitrogen group through a Cl carbon spacer exhibit excellent moisture curing reactivity and yet are easily prepared. The tertiary nitrogen group-containing ?-aminoalkoxysilyl group is introduced into the prepolymer by reacting a tertiary nitrogen group-containing ?-aminoalkoxysilane with an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer or isocyanate-functional precursor thereof.

Abstract: ?-aminoalkoxysilanes wherein the ?-amino group is a tertiary amino group, and which also contains a further reactive group, display excellent reactivity of the alkoxy groups while remaining stable with respect to decomposition and byproduct formation, particularly through cleavage of the Si-C bond. The ?-aminosilanes are particularly useful for preparing alkoxysilyl-terminated prepolymers which exhibit high cure rates in the presence of moisture, and for functionalizing particles reactive therewith.

Abstract: Solid particles bearing zwitterionic functional groups exhibit properties unlike other functionalized particles, and are particularly useful as proton-conductive fillers in membranes for fuel cells, where they increase physical properties as well as charge conducting properties. The particles are prepared by reacting functionalized particles with zwitterionic group-containing silanes or siloxanes.

Abstract: Coating compositions having reproducible properties and high scratch resistance contain an ethylenically unsaturated binder and particles functionalized with an alkoxysilane, the silicon atom of which is spaced from an electron withdrawing group by a methylene group.

Abstract: Coating formulations of improved scratch resistance suitable for use in automotive clear and top coatings contain a functional group-containing film forming resin, a curative having functional groups reactive with the film forming resin, and particles having functional groups reactive with at-least one of the functional groups of the resin or the curative, the particles functionalized with an organosilane of the formulae

Abstract: Coating formulations suitable for demanding applications such as automotive clear and top coats contain a hydroxyl-functional film forming resin, an isocyanate or blocked isocyanate curative, and functionalized metal oxide particles, where >50% of the reactive functionalities are more reactive towards isocyanates than at least 60% of the hydroxyl groups of the film forming resin. Coatings prepared therefrom have excellent abrasion resistance, even with low filler content.

Abstract: Metal oxide particles having bound quaternary ammonium groups exhibit a positive surface charge over a wide pH range, and are especially useful in toners and in preparing aqueous dispersions of low viscosity.

Abstract: Hydroxyalkyl-functionalized particles are prepared by reacting a cyclic siloxy compound containing a glycol residue, an oxygen of the glycol residue bonded to silicon of a siloxy group through an intermediary methylene or substituted methylene linking group.

Abstract: Particles useful in curable coating systems are functionalized on their surface with a blocked isocyanate functionality. The blocked isocyanate is generated by reacting an organosilane having an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom a to the silyl group, or having a cyclic structure containing N or O in the ring, attached directly to silicon.

Abstract: Compositions which are crosslinkable contain an alkoxysilyl or hydroxyl-functional binder and functionalized particles prepared by reacting a filler having reactive groups on its surface with an alkoxysilane in which an alkoxysilyl group is linked to a heteroatom by an optionally substituted methylene spacer. The particle may react with the alkoxy group of the alkoxysilane or with a group containing the heteroatom of the alkoxysilane to functionalize the particles.

Abstract: Coating compositions exhibiting improved reproducibility and improved scratch resistance contain an ethylenically unsaturated binder and filler particles functionalized with an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing monoalkoxy silane.