Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for forming a low electrical resistance via filling material based on foil deformation.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a novel thiophene-containing polynitrone compound having structure (II) wherein R1 is independently at each occurrence a C1-C20 aliphatic radical, a C3-C20 cycloaliphatic radical, or a C2-C30 aromatic radical; R2 is independently at each occurrence hydrogen, deuterium, a C1-C20 aliphatic radical, a C3-C20 cycloaliphatic radical, or a C2-C30 aromatic radical; and “a” is an integer from 2 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for storing holographic data comprising providing a holographic storage medium comprising an optically transparent substrate including a photochemically active dye having at least two nitrone groups; and irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern, wherein the pattern has a first wavelength and an intensity both sufficient to convert, within a volume element of the substrate, at least some of the photochemically active dye into a photo-product, and producing within the irradiated volume element concentration variations of the photo-product corresponding to the holographic interference pattern, thereby producing a first optically readable datum corresponding to the volume element.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a data storage media comprising mixing a photochromic dye with an organic material or an inorganic material to form a holographic composition; and molding the holographic composition into holographic data storage media. Disclosed herein too is an article comprising a photochromic dye and an organic material, wherein the article is used as a data storage media. Disclosed herein too is a method for recording information comprising irradiating an article that comprises a photochromic dye; wherein the irradiation is conducted with electromagnetic energy having a wavelength of about 350 to about 1,100 nanometers; and reacting the photochromic dye.

Abstract: A method of making a holographic data storage medium is provided. The method comprises: (a) providing an optically transparent substrate comprising at least one photochemically active dye; and (b) irradiating the optically transparent substrate at least one wavelength at which the optically transparent substrate has an absorbance in a range from about 0.1 to 1, to produce a modified optically transparent substrate comprising at least one optically readable datum and at least one photo-product of the photochemically active dye. The at least one wavelength is in a range from about 300 nanometers to about 800 nanometers. The optically transparent substrate is at least 100 micrometers thick, and comprises the photochemically active dye in an amount corresponding to from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent based on a total weight of the optically transparent substrate.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium includes an optically transparent substrate. The optically transparent substrate includes an optically transparent plastic material, a photochemically active dye, and a protonated form of the photochemically active dye.

Abstract: A composition has a structure as shown in formula I: R1 and R2 are independently at each occurrence an aliphatic radical having from 1 to about 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic radical having from about 3 to about 10 carbons, or an aromatic radical having from about 3 to about 12 carbons; R3, R4, and R5 are independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic radical having from 1 to about 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic radical having from about 3 to about 10 carbons, or an aromatic radical having from about 3 to about 12 carbons; R6 and R7 are independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic radical having from 1 to about 6 carbons; X is a halogen; and “n” is an integer having a value of from 0 to about 4.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium including an optically transparent substrate is provided. The optically transparent substrate includes an optically transparent plastic material and a photochemically active dye. The optically transparent substrate has an absorbance of greater than 1 at a wavelength that is in a range of from about 300 nanometers to about 1000 nanometers. The holograms recorded in the optically transparent substrate are capable of having diffraction efficiencies of greater than about 20 percent. The holographic recording medium may include a photo-product. A method of making the holographic recording medium, an optical writing and reading method, a method for using a holographic recording article, and a method of manufacturing the holographic recording medium are provided.

Abstract: Reactive monomers containing the trifluorovinyloxy group may be copolymerized to form polymers useful as membranes, especially polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells. The monomers have the formula ((CF2CFO(R1)p)nArX2 wherein Ar is a trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent, substituted or unsubstituted, aromatic or heteroaromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic group having from 5 to 50 carbon atoms; X is OH, SH, NR2aR2b, F or Br; p is 0 or 1; n is 1, 2 or 3; R1 is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and R2a and R2b are independently H, C1-C8 alkyl or C1-C8 perfluoroalkyl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for storing holographic data comprising providing an optically transparent substrate comprising a photochemically active dye and a photo-acid generator; irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern, wherein the pattern has a first wavelength and an intensity both sufficient to convert, within a volume element of the substrate, at least some of the photochemically active dye into a photo-product, producing within the irradiated volume element concentration variations of the photo-product corresponding to the holographic interference pattern, thereby producing a first optically readable datum corresponding to the volume element; and irradiating the optically transparent substrate at a second wavelength and intensity sufficient to activate the photo-acid generator to stabilize the optically readable datum.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for storing holographic data comprising providing a holographic storage medium comprising an optically transparent substrate including a photochemically active dye having at least two nitrone groups; and irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern, wherein the pattern has a first wavelength and an intensity both sufficient to convert, within a volume element of the substrate, at least some of the photochemically active dye into a photo-product, and producing within the irradiated volume element concentration variations of the photo-product corresponding to the holographic interference pattern, thereby producing a first optically readable datum corresponding to the volume element.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a novel thiophene-containing polynitrone compound having structure (II) wherein R1 is independently at each occurrence a C1-C20 aliphatic radical, a C3-C20 cycloaliphatic radical, or a C2-C30 aromatic radical; R2 is independently at each occurrence hydrogen, deuterium, a C1-C20 aliphatic radical, a C3-C20 cycloaliphatic radical, or a C2-C30 aromatic radical; and “a” is an integer from 2 to 4.

Abstract: An optical device structure includes a first cladding having a first refractive index, a second cladding having a second refractive index, a core disposed between the first and second claddings, wherein the core has a third refractive index, and wherein the first and second refractive indices are relatively lower than the third refractive index, and a diffusion region disposed between the core and one of the first cladding, the second cladding, or both. A method for making the aforementioned optical device structure is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for storing holographic data and articles derived using these methods. The method includes providing an optically transparent substrate comprising a photochemically active dye and a sensitizing solvent. The method further includes irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern to form an optically readable datum and removing at least a portion of the sensitizing solvent from the optically transparent substrate to stabilize the optically readable datum.

Abstract: A molded article is formed by molding a holographic recording material into a shape that is determined by the function of an molded article and a volume hologram is formed in the molded article. Alternatively, only a portion of the molded article is formed from the holographic recording medium, or a molded article is formed by molding a thermoplastic into a shape that is determined by the function of the article, and then this article is then coated, for example by dip-coating, with a holographic recording medium, and al volume hologram is formed in the coating of the molded article.

Abstract: Methods for holographic data storage are disclosed. The method includes providing an optically transparent substrate comprising a photochemically active dye and irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern and a photochromic conversion control illumination. The pattern has a first wavelength and an intensity both sufficient to convert, in the presence of the photochromic conversion control beam, within a volume element of the substrate, at least some of the photochemically active dye into a photo-product, and producing within the irradiated volume element concentration variations of the photo-product corresponding to the holographic interference pattern thereby producing an optically readable datum corresponding to the volume element. The photochromic conversion control illumination has a second wavelength and an intensity to control the photochromic conversion amplitude in the volume element.

Abstract: A polycyclic or monocyclic perfluorovinyl compound comprising at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of formula I and formula II wherein M is independently at each occurrence a metal selected from group 14 of the periodic table of the elements; and R is independently at each occurrence a bond, a hydrogen, an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, or an aromatic group. The polycyclic or monocyclic compound comprises at least two perfluorovinyl groups. A method for making an optical film of the disclosed compound, an electro-optical device comprising a polymer fabricated from the disclosed compound and a polymer fabricated from the disclosed compound are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for storing holographic data comprising providing an optically transparent substrate comprising a photochemically active dye; irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern, wherein the pattern has a first wavelength and an intensity both sufficient to convert, within a volume element of the substrate, at least some of the photochemically active dye into a photo-product, producing within the irradiated volume element concentration variations of the photo-product corresponding to the holographic interference pattern, thereby producing a first optically readable datum corresponding to the volume element; activating the optically transparent substrate to form an intramolecular hydrogen bond to a nitrone oxygen in residual photochemically active dye, to stabilize the optically readable datum.

Abstract: The present invention provides a waveguide, a method of manufacture therefore, and an optical communications system including an optical device comprising the waveguide. The waveguide may comprise a substrate, a planar waveguide core located over the substrate and a cladding layer located adjacent the planar waveguide core, the cladding layer comprising a silsesquioxane oligomer.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting a sequence of wavefronts of the optical carrier wave having a first wavelength to an optical waveguide and transmitting a control wave having a second wavelength to a control waveguide. The control wave electro-optically modulates velocities of the wavefronts in the optical waveguide. A dielectric cladding adjacent the optical waveguide has a refractive index at the second wavelength that is larger than the refractive index in the optical waveguide at the first wavelength.