Abstract: In a method for generating a digital key in a first communication device and in a second communication device, the first communication device transmits a first electromagnetic signal to the second communication device, which extracts the digital key from the received first electromagnetic signal. The second communication device transmits a second electromagnetic signal to the first communication device, which likewise extracts the digital key from the received second electromagnetic signal. A direct signal component, transmitted on a direct signal path between the first communication device and the second communication device, of the first electromagnetic signal and of the second electromagnetic signal is attenuated.

Abstract: A flying machine or other vehicle includes at least two antenna units and a central control unit. In a first mode of operation, the two antenna units send and/or receive signals independent of each other in different, non-overlapping frequency bands. The central control unit is adapted to control the two antenna units in a second mode of operation such that the two antennas transmit and/or receive a common signal in a common frequency band using a Multiple Input Multiple Output transmission technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bus system for transmitting data between data processing units in a network, by means of a bus that consists of two signal lines. The signals at said bus are analog signals which lie within a plurality of non-overlapping frequency bands assigned to the individual data processing units, and these data processing units use a digital communication protocol to communicate with a signal processor unit that comprises a polyphase filter bank, a D/A Converter and a bus-coupling unit being connected downstream of said bank in order to couple the data signal into the bus in a galvanically-isolated manner. The proposed bus system has a simple design with regard to cabling, allows the use of a Standard communication protocol such as Ethernet for the data processing units, and additionally allows data to be transmitted between all network subscribers simultaneously and without restriction.

Abstract: A method for modulation of a signal with first binary data is provided in which the first binary data include a sequence of first binary numbers, wherein each first binary number includes either a first binary numerical value or a second binary numerical value. The method includes generating ternary data that includes a sequence of ternary numbers, where each ternary number comprises a first, second, or third ternary numerical value. The method also includes modulating a phase of the signal with the ternary data, where the phase of the signal can assume M different phase states, where M>2. The first, second, and third ternary numerical values correspond to first, second, and third state transitions between the M phase states. In the first state transition, a phase state is maintained, while in the second state transition and third state transition a change in the phase state is produced.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for detecting at least one antigen, comprising the following steps: providing magnetic beads, which are coated with antibodies specific for at least one antigen to be detected; bringing the magnetic beads in contact with a washing buffer that comprises at least 8% BSA and incubating the mixture with a sample; isolating the magnetic beads by means of magnetic separator; and detecting the antigens bound to the magnetic beads by the antibodies. Washing buffers, primers, kits and devices that can be used for said methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A flying machine or other vehicle includes at least two antenna units and a central control unit. In a first mode of operation, the two antenna units send and/or receive signals independent of each other in different, non-overlapping frequency bands. The central control unit is adapted to control the two antenna units in a second mode of operation such that the two antennas transmit and/or receive a common signal in a common frequency band using a Multiple Input Multiple Output transmission technique.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-cleaning self-regenerating surface structure and/or a self-cleaning self-regenerating coating. For improving the cleaning function, the invention proposes a self-regenerating surface structure, especially coating, comprising biocatalytic and/or anti-icing molecules on an exposed surface of said surface structure, especially coating, and biocatalytic and/or anti-icing molecules embedded or contained in said surface structure, especially coating. Further, the invention relates to an object provided with such surface structure or coating and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: In a method for generating a digital key in a first communication device and in a second communication device, the first communication device transmits a first electromagnetic signal to the second communication device, which extracts the digital key from the received first electromagnetic signal. The second communication device transmits a second electromagnetic signal to the first communication device, which likewise extracts the digital key from the received second electromagnetic signal. A direct signal component, transmitted on a direct signal path between the first communication device and the second communication device, of the first electromagnetic signal and of the second electromagnetic signal is attenuated.

Abstract: A method (400) for the modulation of a signal with first binary data (111) is described. The first binary data (111) include a sequence of first binary numbers a(k), where each first binary number a(k) can assume either a first binary numerical value or a second binary numerical value. The method (400) includes the generation (401) of ternary data (312), in which the ternary data (312) include a sequence of ternary numbers ?(k) and each ternary number ?(k) can assume a first, second, or third ternary numerical value. The method (400) also includes the modulation (402) of a phase of the signal with the ternary data (312), in which the phase of the signal can assume M different phase states (230), where M>2, and the first, second, and third ternary numerical values correspond to first, second, and third state transitions (220) between the M phase states (230). In the first state transition (222), a phase state (230) is maintained.

Abstract: A detection apparatus and method for the automatic detection of particles, in particular biological particles, in a sample. The detection apparatus comprises a detection device for recording the particles, and a fluidic device for automatically conveying the sample to the detection device. The fluidic device comprises a treatment device for the automatic treatment of the particles for the purpose of detection, and the detection device comprises a flow cytometer for recording at least one physical parameter of the treated particles. The detection method includes operations performed by the detection device, the fluidic device, the treatment device and the flow cytometer.

Abstract: The present invention provides for devices and methods for the transmission of data over nodes of a specific network. A device may comprise at least two network nodes, a bus having a transmitting line and a receiving line for interconnecting the network nodes. The respective network node has a fault protection circuit which is to bypass the network node in the event of a fault and is capable of reversing the polarity of the transmitting line and of the receiving line, a detection means for detecting a reverse in polarity of the transmitting line and of the receiving line by the respective upstream network node, and a fault-locating means for locating a fault in the upstream network node when a reverse in polarity of the transmitting line and of the receiving line has been detected.

Abstract: A system for open space data communication comprising a transmitting device and an optical receiver using multiple varying levels of emitted radiation output. The transmitting device includes multiple emitter groups that are capable of being switched on and off and each of which can be activated in parallel to emit fixed, varying radiation outputs. A total radiation output emitted by the transmitting device is defined by a sum of the emitted radiation outputs of the emitter groups, wherein to transmit a bit vector (b0 . . . bn) an emitter group assigned to a most significant bit (b0) emits a maximum radiation output Pmax and emitter groups assigned to the less significant bits (b1 . . . bn) of the bit vector emit radiation outputs: Px=Pmax/2x where x=1 . . . n.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bus system for transmitting data between data processing units (20) in a network, by means of a bus (14) that consists of two signal lines. The signals at said bus (14) are analog signals which lie within a plurality of non-overlapping frequency bands assigned to the individual data processing units (20), and these data processing units (20) use a digital communication protocol to communicate with a signal processor unit (24) that comprises a polyphase filter bank, a D/A Converter (26) and a bus-coupling unit (30) being connected downstream of said bank in order to couple the data signal into the bus (14) in a galvanically-isolated manner. The proposed bus system has a simple design with regard to cabling, allows the use of a Standard communication protocol such as Ethernet for the data processing units (20), and additionally allows data to be transmitted between all network subscribers simultaneously and without restriction.

Abstract: A detection apparatus and method for the automatic detection of particles, in particular biological particles, in a sample. The detection apparatus comprises a detection device for recording the particles, and a fluidic device for automatically conveying the sample to the detection device. The fluidic device comprises a treatment device for the automatic treatment of the particles for the purpose of detection, and the detection device comprises a flow cytometer for recording at least one physical parameter of the treated particles. The detection method includes operations performed by the detection device, the fluidic device, the treatment device and the flow cytometer.

Abstract: The present invention provides for devices and methods for the transmission of data over nodes of a specific network. A device may comprise at least two network nodes, a bus having a transmitting line and a receiving line for interconnecting the network nodes. The respective network node has a fault protection circuit which is to bypass the network node in the event of a fault and is capable of reversing the polarity of the transmitting line and of the receiving line, a detection means for detecting a reverse in polarity of the transmitting line and of the receiving line by the respective upstream network node, and a fault-locating means for locating a fault in the upstream network node when a reverse in polarity of the transmitting line and of the receiving line has been detected.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for detecting at least one antigen, comprising the following steps: providing magnetic beads, which are coated with antibodies specific for at least one antigen to be detected; bringing the magnetic beads in contact with a washing buffer that comprises at least 8% BSA and incubating the mixture with a sample; isolating the magnetic beads by means of a magnetic separator; and detecting the antigens bound to the magnetic beads by the antibodies. Washing buffers, primers, kits and devices that can be used for said method are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-cleaning self-regenerating surface structure and/or a self-cleaning self-regenerating coating. For improving the cleaning function, the invention proposes a self-regenerating surface structure, especially coating, comprising biocatalytic and/or anti-icing molecules on an exposed surface of said surface structure, especially coating, and biocatalytic and/or anti-icing molecules embedded or contained in said surface structure, especially coating. Further, the invention relates to an object provided with such surface structure or coating and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for automatic detection of particles, in particular, biological particles such as micro-organisms. The apparatus has a device for binding the particles to separating particles which can be bound selectively to the particles. The apparatus further includes a separating device for extraction of the separating particles with bound particles from a collecting fluid, and a detection unit for detecting a number and/or concentration of the particles separated in this manner. The device for binding the particles to the separating particles includes a collecting device for collecting a collecting fluid including the separating particles and the particles that are provided by a particle-fluid mixture.

Abstract: In an electrophoresis device with numerous separation channels S loadable with samples, samples are loaded by applying samples in a shared injection channel I intersecting the separation channels S near a point where the injection channel I crosses one of the separation channels S. During exposure to a voltage in the injection channel, the samples are transferred to the separation channels S, and there electrophoretically separated.