Abstract: A vehicle transmission includes a hydraulic circuit and a control unit. The control unit is configured to: obtain (20) a target pressure specification; convert (26) the target pressure specification into a target volume flow rate; determine (42) a valve volume flow rate as a function of the target volume flow rate and as a function of parameters that represent system properties of the hydraulic circuit; determine (46) a pressure drop at a valve due to flow forces as a function of the valve volume flow rate; determine (48) a compensated valve output pressure as a function of the valve volume flow rate and the pressure drop; determine (58) the electric control current as a function of the compensated valve output pressure; and activate a valve with the electric control current.

Abstract: A vehicle transmission includes a hydraulic circuit and a control unit. The control unit is configured to: obtain (20) a target pressure specification; convert (26) the target pressure specification into a target volume flow rate; determine (42) a valve volume flow rate as a function of the target volume flow rate and as a function of parameters that represent system properties of the hydraulic circuit; determine (46) a pressure drop at a valve due to flow forces as a function of the valve volume flow rate; determine (48) a compensated valve output pressure as a function of the valve volume flow rate and the pressure drop; determine (58) the electric control current as a function of the compensated valve output pressure; and activate a valve with the electric control current.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layered structure containing at least one layer (i) comprising a thermoplastic material and at least one further layer (ii) comprising a thermoplastic material bearing at least one embossed hologram, to a process for producing such layer composites and to security documents, in particular identification documents, having the layered structure according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention is related to a layered structure with at least one layer a. of a material with a VST?85° C. comprising at least one cutting line b. reaching through the whole thickness of the layered structure surrounding at least one first portion which is extractable and reinsertable manually from the layered structure as well as a production process for such a layered structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a layer structure containing: (A) a first transparent radiation-engravable layer (A) with a first surface a1) and a second surface a2) which runs substantially parallel to the surface a1), said first layer (A) having a colorful or black part-engraving, said engraving being generated by means of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation (E), on the first surface a1) which forms a first outer surface of the layer structure; (B) optionally an additional transparent radiation-engravable layer (B) with a first surface b1) facing towards the first layer (A) and another surface b2) facing away from the first layer (A) and running substantially parallel to the surface b1); and (C) optionally at least one additional transparent plastic layer (C), wherein the additional layer (C) is selectively provided in one of a group of options consisting of: on the face of the first surface a1) of the layer (A), on the face of the additional surface b2) of the additional layer (B), between the two layers (A) a

Abstract: The invention relates to a film containing a special polycarbonate or copolycarbonate of the formula (Ia), (I-2), (I-3) or (I-4) and to the use of the film in a security document and in a layer structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layer structure, preferably a hinge, particularly preferably a book cover, very particularly preferably a book cover for identification and security documents, comprising at least one outer layer a) containing at least one thermoplastic elastomer, preferably a thermoplastic polyurethane, and at least one layer b) containing at least one material selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a metal, a textile, a paper and a synthetic paper, or a combination of at least two of these, and also relates to a laminate comprising the above layer structure and to the method for producing same. The invention further relates to the use of the layer structure and/or laminate for the production of a hinge, preferably a multilayer book cover, especially for security and identification documents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to layer composites comprising at least one opaque layer a) and at least one transparent layer b), wherein the Vicat softening temperature B/120 determined according to ISO 306:2004 (method B120 50N; 120° C.) of layer a) is ?156° C., preferably from ?156° C. to ?250° C., particularly preferably from ?156° C. to ?230° C., and wherein the Vicat softening temperature B/120 determined according to ISO 306:2004 (method B120 50N; 120° C./h), of layer a) is higher than that of layer b), a method for producing such layer composites and security documents, preferably identification documents, comprising such a layer structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layered composite comprising at least one transparent layer a) containing a thermoplastic, this transparent layer having a light transmission in the range of from ?85% to ?98% determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07, and an opaque layer b) containing at least one thermoplastic, characterised in that the opaque layer b) has a light transmission in the range of from ?0.1% to ?25% determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07, a layer thickness in the range of from ?20 ?m to ?70 ?m, preferably from ?20 ?m to ?60 ?m, particularly preferably from ?25 ?m to ?55 ?m, and at least one opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plastic films with improved laser engraving capability, chemical resistance and mechanical stress, special embodiments of such films in the form of co-extrusion films, layer structures comprising such films, use of such films, as well as security documents, preferably identification documents, containing such films.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layered structure containing at least one layer (i) comprising a thermoplastic material and at least one further layer (ii) comprising a thermoplastic material bearing at least one embossed hologram, to a process for producing such layer composites and to security documents, in particular identification documents, having the layered structure according to the invention.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for generating an output image from a volume data set that includes a plurality of voxels are provided. In the method, a rendered 2D image is generated from the volume data set by volume rendering. In order to generate an output image with adjusted brightness, which makes a manual readjustment of the brightness superfluous, an adjustment factor is determined based on a brightness value of pixels in the rendered 2D image. By multiplying a respective voxel brightness value of the voxels in the volume data set by the adjustment factor, a brightness-adjusted volume data set is generated. By volume rendering from the brightness-adjusted volume data set, the brightness-adjusted output image is generated.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle includes, when a target differential speed is set for a separating clutch (4), determining a power transmission factor depending on the target differential speed and an internal combustion engine-driven torque to be transmitted by the separating clutch (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to heteroaromatic compounds, particularly for use in electronic devices. The invention further relates to a method for producing the compounds according to the invention and to electronic devices containing same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plastic films with improved laser engraving capability, chemical resistance and mechanical stress, special embodiments of such films in the form of co-extrusion films, layer structures comprising such films, use of such films, as well as security documents, preferably identification documents, containing such films.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle includes, when a target differential speed is set for a separating clutch (4), determining a power transmission factor depending on the target differential speed and an internal combustion engine-driven torque to be transmitted by the separating clutch (4).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for generating an output image from a volume data set that includes a plurality of voxels are provided. In the method, a rendered 2D image is generated from the volume data set by volume rendering. In order to generate an output image with adjusted brightness, which makes a manual readjustment of the brightness superfluous, an adjustment factor is determined based on a brightness value of pixels in the rendered 2D image. By multiplying a respective voxel brightness value of the voxels in the volume data set by the adjustment factor, a brightness-adjusted volume data set is generated. By volume rendering from the brightness-adjusted volume data set, the brightness-adjusted output image is generated.

Abstract: A method for controlling torque transfer of a force-fitting shift element includes controlling a closing pressure at least temporarily upon presence of a closing request for the force-fitting shift element and when a prevailing system pressure of the hydraulic circuit is above a threshold value for the system pressure. The closing pressure is controlled in a manner that is different than upon the presence of the closing request for the force-fitting shift element and when the prevailing system pressure is below the threshold value for the system pressure.

Abstract: Method for controlling the transfer of torque of a force-fitting shift element (K0), which can be closed by a closing pressure acting on a piston (K), whereas, in order to control the closing pressure, a control valve (V) is configured, depending on a control signal of a control unit (ECU), through the setting of the valve lift (V_s), to transmit the system pressure (p_sys) of a hydraulic circuit (K1) to the piston (K), or to reduce it as needed, whereas, upon the presence of a closing request at the shift element (K0) and a prevailing system pressure (p_sys) of the hydraulic circuit (K1) above a threshold value for the system pressure (p_sys-t), the closing pressure is controlled at least temporarily in a manner different than when it is controlled upon the presence of a closing request at the shift element (K0) and a prevailing system pressure (p_sys) below the threshold value for the system pressure (p_sys-t).

Abstract: A method for the reduction of artifacts based on an unequal representation of the same material classes in various locations, in particular of cupping artifacts, in a three-dimensional image data set, reconstructed from two-dimensional x-ray projection images is provided. An image datum, describing an attenuation value, is allocated respectively to a voxel, wherein at least two material class regions are located in a post-processing step, which receive, in particular, image data, which is homogeneously distributed and lies in an expected material class interval of the attenuation values, and, considering at least one characteristic of the material class regions, calculates a smooth homogenization function, which is to be applied to the image data of the entire image data set and is applied to the image data of the image data set.