Abstract: An inverter includes at least one relay disposed in an interior of the inverter. The relay is configured to connect the inverter to a grid phase or to disconnect the inverter from the grid phase. A temperature sensor is configured to measure an interior temperature of the inverter. A control unit is configured to actuate the relay, to determine the interior temperature by using the temperature sensor, and to calculate a switching time for the relay in dependence on the interior temperature.

Abstract: A device and a method for measuring temperature. At least one illumination device emits light with an illumination spectrum into tissue. At least one detector receives the diffuse reflection of the light with a remission spectrum from the tissue. The detector converts the remission spectrum into a detector signal. The detector signal is sent to a computing unit that calculates a remission spectrum from the detector signal. The computing unit calculates an absorption spectrum of the tissue by comparing the illumination spectrum with the remission spectrum, calculates at least one absorption maximum from the absorption spectrum, and calculates a temperature in the tissue by comparing the absorption maximum with at least one reference.

Abstract: A method for measuring temperature includes emitting light with an illumination spectrum into a tissue with at least one illumination, receiving the remission of light with a remission spectrum from the tissue using at least one detector, converting the remission spectrum into a detector signal, sending the detector signal to a calculating unit, calculating a first theoretical remission spectrum based on a solution for describing the propagation of light in the tissue with the calculating unit, assuming estimated volume fractions of the individual tissue components, adapting the theoretical remission spectrum to the measured remission spectrum, and calculating at least one volume fraction of a tissue component from the remissions spectrum using a minimization algorithm, which is used by the calculating unit to adapt the theoretical remission spectrum to the measured remission spectrum using variations in the volume fractions of the individual tissue components which are present in the tissue.

Abstract: A method for determining a switch-off time of a medical instrument includes measuring the duration for which the temperature of a tissue is above 85° Celsius, preferably above 95° Celsius, calculating, preferably online, the mean temperature from the first time when 85° Celsius, preferably 95° Celsius is reached, measuring and/or calculating the energy input until 85° Celsius, preferably 95° Celsius, and preferably below 110° Celsius, preferably below 100° Celsius is reached, calculating a parameter SP, which links the above mentioned results, and switches off at a predetermined value. The method can be practiced with a medical instrument as well as an application and a storage medium.

Abstract: Surgical tissue fusion instrument and support structure having two gripping structures which are movable relative to each other and which are designed to bring together biological tissue sections that are to be connected to each other, with heat-generating means which are assigned to the gripping structures and, during tissue fusion, cause heat to be introduced in the area of a connection site of the biological tissue sections, and also with a support structure which is held between the gripping structures and, during tissue fusion, is operatively connected to the tissue sections. The support structure has at least one additional physical functional structure for aiding or promoting the tissue fusion.

Abstract: A surgical instrument for bonding body tissue includes an instrument shank or shaft, a first tool element, a second tool element axially movable relative to the first tool element, and an annular sleeve-like cutting element. The second tool element includes a plurality of tool element members that are radially deflectable. The first and second tool elements are each equipped with at least one electrode. The second tool element includes a biasing member that biases the tool element members in a radially inward direction. A stop member is operable in a first position to hold the tool element members against the biasing force of the biasing member in which the tool element members assume a maximum outer diameter. The stop member is further operable in a second position to release the tool element members such that the tool element members can deflect radially inwardly and cut body tissue.

Abstract: A medical instrument includes an endoscope shaft and an electrode cap with a pin axially movable in the endoscope shaft. A first electrode is held by a first electrode carrier at a distal end piece of the endoscope shaft, and a second electrode is held by a second electrode carrier at the electrode cap. A safety switch is arranged in proximity to one of the electrode carriers and interconnected with a feed line that feeds HF current to the second electrode. The safety switch can be brought into an OFF or disconnect position to disconnect HF current supply to the second electrode. The safety switch can include an outer contact ring fixed at a proximal end portion of the pin, and an actuating rod that protrudes from the pin at the distal end and transmits movement to the second electrode carrier.

Abstract: A method of applying at least one coating of at least one electrically insulating polymer to an applicator for currents, especially HF currents in surgery, the coating is produced by electrophoretic deposition from a suspension of the polymer in at least one organic solvent, wherein the applicators thus coated are especially clamps, pairs of tweezers or pairs of scissors which are used in the bipolar application technique of HF surgery. Polymers used are especially thermoplastic polymers, such as thermoplastic fluoropolymers, and more particularly polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) or ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE).

Abstract: Surgical tissue fusion instrument having two gripping structures which are movable relative to each other, are designed for gripping and bringing together biological tissue sections, and are assigned heat-generating means designed in such a way that tissue fusion takes place between the biological tissue sections by heat being supplied in the area of the gripping structures. At least one gripping structure is assigned a fluid-conducting system, which is designed to supply at least one liquid or flowable additive to the tissue sections during a tissue fusion process.

Abstract: A surgical system for connecting body tissue is provided. The surgical system includes a surgical instrument having two tool elements movable relative to each other, each of which comprises a high-frequency electrode. The high-frequency electrodes, in an approach position of the tool elements, define a minimum distance from each other, lying opposite each other and facing each other. The instrument has a shaft at the distal end of which at least a first one of the tool elements is arranged or formed. A second tool element is movable from an operating position, in which it is adapted for movement into the approach position, into a removal position and/or vice versa. A surface area of a perpendicular projection of the second tool element onto a projection plane extending perpendicularly to a shaft direction in a region of the second tool element is smaller in the removal position than in the operating position.

Abstract: An electrosurgical instrument includes mutually movable instrument legs each comprising one or more electrode faces between which tissue can be clamped and treated in electrothermal manner. The movement of the instrument legs relative to each other can be delimited by at least two spacers which are spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the instrument legs and act on the instrument legs. At least one electrode face portion subjected to deflection in a closed position of the instrument legs is formed to be bow-shaped, in particular concave, the curvature being contrary to the bending direction to be expected.

Abstract: A surgical instrument in HF design includes two tissue branches, at least one of the tissue branches being movable relative to the other tissue branch and being able to be applied to the other tissue branch with a predetermined or predeterminable contact pressure via an actuation mechanism while clamping body tissue between the tissue branches. A clamping pressure controlling or adjustment device is interconnected in a force or torque gear train between the actuation mechanism and the at least one movable tissue branch.

Abstract: Surgical tissue fusion instrument having two gripping structures which are movable relative to each other, are designed for gripping and bringing together biological tissue sections, and are assigned heat-generating means designed in such a way that tissue fusion takes place between the biological tissue sections by heat being supplied in the area of the gripping structures. At least one gripping structure is assigned a fluid-conducting system, which is designed to supply at least one liquid or flowable additive to the tissue sections during a tissue fusion process.

Abstract: An anastomosis instrument includes a headpiece shaft which can be inserted in an instrument shaft so as to be axially shiftable therein, a plate-like and/or anvil-like headpiece being axially shiftable on the distal end portion of the headpiece shaft and being supported via a cross pin between a processing position and a withdrawal position, the headpiece on the headpiece shaft being displaced or shifted from a first, proximally retracted latching position in which the headpiece shaft is coupled to the headpiece in a form-fitting manner to fix the headpiece in the processing position so that it is unable to pivot, to a second, distally advanced latching position in which the form fit is released in order to allow the headpiece to swivel to the withdrawal position.

Abstract: In order to provide a temperature sensor or a temperature measuring apparatus having a temperature sensor, which enables direct temperature measurement, in particular even during treatment, in particular even with HF surgical devices, it is proposed that the temperature sensor includes a sensor element with a medium which can be excited to luminescence, in particular fluorescence, and an optical waveguide which is optically connected to the sensor element and is intended to supply light to the medium at an excitation wavelength and/or to pick up and conduct light at a luminescence wavelength of the medium which can be excited to luminescence.

Abstract: An electrosurgical instrument including a jaw part made up of mutually movable instrument legs which have facing sides on which one or more electrode areas are arranged/formed in each case, the movement of the instrument legs relative to each other being able to be limited by at least one first spacer acting on proximal end portions of the instrument legs and at least one second spacer acting on distal end portions of the instrument legs. At least one of the spacers on at least one electrode is manufactured from an electrically conductive material and is connected to the electrode in electroconductive fashion. Furthermore, the spacer cooperates with a local spacer abutment surface which is made of a non-conductive material and arranged in electrically insulating manner on at least one opposing electrode.

Abstract: A manually operable HF instrument in bipolar construction includes a jaw part having two electrode legs which can be moved relative to each other like pincers or scissors, and an instrument handle for operating and activating the jaw part. A separate electrode mount is articulated on at least one electrode leg of the jaw part so as to be able to pivot relative to it, an electrode in turn being elastically/pliably installed on the electrode mount.

Abstract: Surgical tissue fusion instrument and support structure having two gripping structures which are movable relative to each other and which are designed to bring together biological tissue sections that are to be connected to each other, with heat-generating means which are assigned to the gripping structures and, during tissue fusion, cause heat to be introduced in the area of a connection site of the biological tissue sections, and also with a support structure which is held between the gripping structures and, during tissue fusion, is operatively connected to the tissue sections. The support structure has at least one additional physical functional structure for aiding or promoting the tissue fusion.

Abstract: A medical instrument includes an endoscope shaft and an electrode cap with a pin axially movable in the endoscope shaft. A first electrode is held by a first electrode carrier at a distal end piece of the endoscope shaft, and a second electrode is held by a second electrode carrier at the electrode cap. A safety switch is arranged in proximity to one of the electrode carriers and interconnected with a feed line that feeds HF current to the second electrode. The safety switch can be brought into an OFF or disconnect position to disconnect HF current supply to the second electrode. The safety switch can include an outer contact ring fixed at a proximal end portion of the pin, and an actuating rod that protrudes from the pin at the distal end and transmits movement to the second electrode carrier.

Abstract: A method of applying at least one coating of at least one electrically insulating polymer to an applicator for currents, especially HF currents in surgery, the coating is produced by electrophoretic deposition from a suspension of the polymer in at least one organic solvent, wherein the applicators thus coated are especially clamps, pairs of tweezers or pairs of scissors which are used in the bipolar application technique of HF surgery. Polymers used are especially thermoplastic polymers, such as thermoplastic fluoropolymers, and more particularly polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) or ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE).