Abstract: A dye fixing section in a foam indigo dyeing machine for dyeing traveling sheets of textile yarn. The dye fixing section receives traveling sheets of yarn to which indigo dye in leuco form has been applied and penetrated partially through the yarn. Oxygen is applied to the substrate to set the dye at the level of penetration achieved as it enters the dye fixing section, to produce yarns in the sheet with outer dyed rings and undyed cores.

Abstract: A dye fixing section in a foam indigo dyeing machine for dyeing traveling sheets of textile yarn. The dye fixing section receives traveling sheets of yarn to which indigo dye in leuco form has been applied and penetrated partially through the yarn. Oxygen is applied to the substrate to set the dye at the level of penetration achieved as it enters the dye fixing section, to produce yarns in the sheet with outer dyed rings and undyed cores.

Abstract: A device for applying a foamed treating material under pressure to a traveling sheet of relatively incompressible textile yarns. A foam applicator unit has a nozzle with a foam dispensing slot facing across one side of the traveling sheet of yarns. A drive roll faces the other side of the traveling sheet of yarns in tangential alignment with the foam dispensing slot. The roll has a resiliently compressible, soft rubber outer layer, which compresses to conform with the surface of the relatively incompressible yarns and presses the traveling sheet of yarns against the applicator surfaces leading to and away from the slot to prevent escape of foam and to prevent passage of foam between yarns to maintain uniform distribution of foam applied to the traveling sheet of yarns.

Abstract: A device for applying a foamed treating material under pressure to a traveling sheet of relatively incompressible textile yarns. A foam applicator unit has a nozzle with a foam dispensing slot facing across one side of the traveling sheet of yarns. A drive roll faces the other side of the traveling sheet of yarns in tangential alignment with the foam dispensing slot. The roll has a resiliently compressible, soft rubber outer layer, which compresses to conform with the surface of the relatively incompressible yarns and presses the traveling sheet of yarns against the applicator surfaces leading to and away from the slot to prevent escape of foam and to prevent passage of foam between yarns to maintain uniform distribution of foam applied to the traveling sheet of yarns.

Abstract: Dyeing a traveling sheet of textile yarn with a dye in foamed condition, and, more particularly, dyeing by separating a traveling sheet of yarn into separate spaced portions and applying foamed dye to the inner facing and outer facing surfaces of the yarns in the spaced portions. Then recombining the spaced portions into a single sheet and further applying foamed dye to the yarn in the recombined sheet.

Abstract: A textile yarn slashing system having a foam applicator disposed therein for pre-wetting the sheet of yarns prior to passing through the size box. The foam is delivered under pressure and a resilient hold down member opposes the slot to create a space for foam on the opposite side of the yarn sheet from the slot for application of foam to both sides of the yarn sheet. A flexible cover sheet covers the surface of the hold down member and is shifted to replace a worn portion with an unworn portion opposite the slot. A valve assembly is incorporated in the applicator to close off the passage to the slot and permit bypass flow of the foam. End seal blocks have rigid metallic outer chamber engaging surfaces and resilient material interior of the surfaces to press the surfaces against the sides of the chamber adjacent the slot. A plurality of horizontal tubes may be used as an alternate to the slot with one or more yarns traveling through each tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating textile yarn in package form is disclosed having a kier for supporting yarn packages for treatment therein, a pump connected to the kier for pumping treating liquor to the kier to treat yarn packages supported therein, an expansion tank connected to the kier for receiving treating liquor from the kier and connected to the pump for passage of treating liquor from the expansion tank to the pump for recirculation to the kier, a device for supporting yarn packages in the expansion tank, valving operable for alternatively using the expansion tank as a kier and the kier as an expansion tank. The kiers and expansion tank are of differing capacities to accommodate varying load sizes at minimum liquor ratios. The heat exchangers are also of differing capacities for more efficient operation of the system.

Abstract: Apparatus for low liquid wet treatment of a textile material in various forms, such as lengths of fabric in rope form or yarn in skein form, through a treating chamber in the presence of a treatment liquid with the textile material being circulated through a predetermined path of treatment on oscillating support members in the form of parallel beams arranged in rows and caused to oscillate in an alternate manner in which alternate support members are driven through a raised support and movement path wherein the textile material is supported and moved forward thereon while intermediate support members are moved through a lowered return path out of supporting engagement with the textile material.

Abstract: A wet processing jet machine for treating textile piece goods in rope form at a low liquid ratio. A plug supporting tube is provided as a vertical extension of a U-shaped processing chamber. The sides of the chamber are perforated and the bottom is imperforate for enhanced movement of the plug through the chamber. The tube extension is perforated to allow flow of liquid therefrom for enhanced plaiting. The amount of liquid with the rope in the plug is minimized for low liquid requirements and the head of the plug causes the plug to progress through the chamber above the low level of the liquid in the bottom of the vessel, which liquid level is below the bottom of the chamber or at least at a level that does not cause substantial floatation of the plug. The rope entering the tube is plaited by passing through an inverted frusto-conical plaiting nozzle that is oscillated and reciprocated to provide effective plaiting.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for effective low liquor wet processing of textile piece goods with exceptional flexibility as to type of fabric that may be handled and processing conditions that may be applied.

Abstract: Effective bulking or shrinking of textile fabric prior to wet processing is obtained by recirculating the textile fabric in continuous loop form under an aspirating influence induced with an inert gas while applying heat to the fabric for such bulking or shrinking.

Abstract: A method and means are provided having particular significance for dyeing textile strand material by circulating such material in a confined space, preferably, under the aspirating influence of jetted inert gas, and applying a treating liquor formulated for effective application at a short liquor ratio, preferably, by metering the same into the gas as it is supplied to produce the aspirating influence. Excellent distribution of the treating liquor throughout the material is obtained in this manner, while spent liquor effluent is materially reduced.

Abstract: A reel for feeding cloth in rope form is provided that employs a plurality of spaced vanes radially arranged in alternately inclined relation so that their projected profiles cross intermediate their length and the outer vane edges are formed with a gently undulating configuration beyond such crossing for particularly effective feeding action.