Abstract: A method of hydrolyzing a calcium chloride brine includes forming ammonia gas including reacting NH4Cl brine with Ca(OH)2 to form NH3 and the CaCl2 brine. The method includes hydrolyzing the CaCl2 brine including reacting the CaCl2 brine formed during the forming of the ammonia gas with water to form HCl and Ca(OH)2. The method also includes recycling at least some of the Ca(OH)2 formed during the hydrolyzing of the CaCl2 brine for use as at least part of the Ca(OH)2 used in the forming of the ammonia gas.

Abstract: A method of separating lithium and magnesium includes hydrolyzing a hydrolysis composition that includes MgCl2 and LiCl, the hydrolyzing including treating the hydrolysis composition with heat to form HCl, water, and a hydrolyzed mixture including LiCl and MgO. The method also includes performing dissolution separation including separating a solvent-soluble fraction in the hydrolyzed mixture that includes LiCl from a substantially solvent-insoluble fraction in the hydrolyzed mixture including a magnesium-containing product including Mg(OH)2 and/or MgO.

Abstract: Described apparatuses and methods facilitate bus training with multiple dice, such as multiple memory dice. A controller can communicate with multiple dice over a bus to perform bus training by sending a test pattern and receiving in return a feedback pattern indicative of the bits detected by the dice. Because suitable signal timing can differ between dice, even those using the same bus, the controller may attempt to train each die separately from the others. In some situations, however, individualized training may be infeasible. To accommodate such situations, logic associated with two or more dice can combine the bits as detected from the test pattern into a combined feedback pattern. A timing parameter that is jointly suitable for multiple dice can be determined, and the bus training may be concluded, responsive to the combined feedback pattern matching the test pattern. The multiple dice may be stacked or linked.

Abstract: Genetically modified microorganisms that have the ability to convert carbon substrates into chemical products such as isobutanol are disclosed. For example, genetically modified methanotrophs that are capable of generating isobutanol at high titers from a methane source are disclosed. Methods of making these genetically modified microorganisms and methods of using them are also disclosed.

Abstract: Described apparatuses and methods facilitate bus training with multiple dice, such as multiple memory dice. A controller can communicate with multiple dice to perform bus training by sending a test pattern and receiving in return a feedback pattern indicative of the bits detected by the dice. Because suitable signal timing can differ between dice, even those using the same bus, a controller may train each die separately from the others. In some situations, however, individualized training may be infeasible. To accommodate such situations, logic associated with two or more dice can combine, using at least one logical operation, bits as detected from the test pattern into a combined feedback pattern. A timing parameter that is jointly suitable for multiple dice can be determined, and the bus training may be concluded, responsive to the combined feedback pattern matching the test pattern. The multiple dice may be stacked or linked.

Abstract: A user device cradle can include a receiver configured to removably retain a wireless user device. One or more Radio Frequency (RF) signal couplers and one or more power couplers can be disposed in the receiver of the cradle. The one or more RF signal couplers can be configured to couple one or more RF communication signals to the wireless user device, while the one or more power couplers can be configured to couple power to the wireless user device.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and media for presenting contextual information in connection with media content are provided.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for dynamically implementing quality of service policies for a distributed storage system based upon resources saturation. A quality of service policy is defined for throttling I/O operations received by a node of the distributed storage system based upon whether resources of the node have become saturated. The quality of service policy is dynamically implemented based upon ever changing resource utilization and saturation. Dynamically implementing the quality of service policy improves the ability to efficiently utilize resources of the node compared to conventional static polices that cannot adequately react to such changing considerations and resource utilization/saturation. With conventional static policies, an administrator manually defines a minimum amount of guaranteed resources and/or a maximum resource usage cap that could be set to values that result in inefficient operation and resource starvation.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for generating a response to a query input in a generative artificial intelligence model. An example method generally includes receiving a plurality of sets of tokens generated based on an input prompt and a first generative artificial intelligence model, each set of tokens in the plurality of sets of tokens corresponding to a candidate response to the input prompt; selecting, using a second generative artificial intelligence model and recursive adjustment of a target distribution associated with the received plurality of sets of tokens, a set of tokens from the plurality of sets of tokens; and outputting the selected set of tokens as a response to the input prompt.

Abstract: An insert for an arthropod trapping device. The insert comprising a substrate and a frame for supporting the substrate, where a surface of the substrate has an adhesive disposed thereon, an optional mounting bracket spaced apart from the adhesive surface of the insert and located at a first end of the insert, and an optional graspable tab extending from the frame at a second end of the insert.

Abstract: The sustenance of life is driven by recognition of and access to energy sources. This process has remained unchanged over billions of years, guiding cellular nutrition through molecular recognition, akin to the food pyramid. At the atomic or nanoscale, chemotaxis enables organisms to identify ingestible matter and is driven by their need for fuel, rather than from the sustenance itself. Chemotaxis, one of nature's most potent yet invisible organic forces, operates independently of molecular charge dynamics to locate and identify microscopic sustenance. Infectious organisms, such as pathogenic microbes and parasites, depend on chemotactic pathways to locate nutrition across all scales. This invention leverages this phenomenon by “baiting” these pathways with nutritive matter that encapsulates biocidal agents that are harmless to humans but lethal to infectious organisms once ingested.

Abstract: There is provided a seal assembly comprising: a first component and a second component spaced apart from the first component so as to define a passage for the transfer of fluid from an inlet of the seal assembly to an outlet of the seal assembly, wherein the first component comprises a concavity at least partially defining the passage, and wherein no part of the second component extends into the portion of the passage bounded by the concavity.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing scene understanding can include obtaining a plurality of images, stitching images associated with the scene, detecting objects in the scene, and providing information associated with the objects in the scene. The systems and methods can include determining filter tags or query tags that can be selected to filter the plurality of objects, which can then be provided as information to the user to provide further insight on the scene. The information may be provided in an augmented-reality experience via text or other user-interface elements anchored to objects in the images.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and computer-readable media for a holistic logical inference model. Unstructured data, which can include text, is received at an automated reasoning via natural intelligence (ARNI) system. A logical inference model is applied to at least one or more portions of the unstructured data. Meaning is generated from the at least one or more portions of the unstructured data based on an induction heuristic model.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides computer-implemented methods, systems, and devices for generating multistep explanations for pedagogical exercises. A computing device receives a query from a user. The computing device determines that the query includes query data describing a pedagogical exercise to be solved. The computing device provides the query data as input to an explanatory machine-learned model. The computing device receives, as output from the explanatory machine-learned model, a pedagogical response, the pedagogical response including a multi-step explanation of a solution to the pedagogical exercise. The computing device provides the pedagogical response for display to a user.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of trapping arthropods by providing a substantially planar, flexible insert having a LED-facing surface having an adhesive for trapping the arthropods disposed thereon. Then, bending the insert into a curved configuration and inserting the insert into an arthropod trapping device. The device includes a housing having a base and a curved shade. The curved shade is configured to receive the insert and comprises a LED-facing surface. A first LED having a peak wavelength of from about 400 nm to about 500 nm is mounted on the base and is configured to emit light in a direction substantially perpendicular to the LED-facing surface of the shade. A second LED having a peak wavelength of from about 350 nm to about 400 nm is mounted on the base and is configured to emit light in a direction substantially parallel to the LED-facing surface of the shade.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing precast concrete pipe couplings used in municipal and infrastructure systems includes a mold apparatus particularly configured for the formation of monolithic, unitarily formed concrete pipe couplings that facilitate the joining of intersecting and/or bending sections of straight concrete pipes. The mold apparatus comprises a base, adjustable mold walls, and primary and secondary mold cores that shape the internal flow channels of the couplings and that allow for the creation of complex geometries without the need for scoring, cutting, or rejoining pipe sections, resulting in couplings with smooth internal surfaces that enhance fluid flow and reduce maintenance requirements. A monolithic concrete pipe coupling formed by the foregoing method and apparatus exhibits flat external surfaces, facilitating easy stacking, storage, and installation.

Abstract: Airborne LiDAR bathymetry systems and methods of use are provided. The airborne LiDAR bathymetry system can collect topographic data and bathymetric data at high altitudes. The airborne LiDAR bathymetry system has a receiver system, a detector system, and a laser transmission system.

Abstract: Described apparatuses and methods relate to adaptive memory registers for a memory system that may support a nondeterministic protocol. To help manage power-delivery networks in a memory system, a device includes logic that can write values to memory registers associated with memory blocks of a memory array. The values indicate whether an associated memory block has been refreshed within a refresh interval. Other logic can read the registers to determine whether a block has been refreshed. The device also includes logic that can access data indicating a row address that was most recently, or is next to be, refreshed and write values representing the address to another register. The register can be read by other logic to determine whether a wordline potentially affected by an activation-based disturb event is near to being refreshed. These techniques can reduce the number of refresh operations performed, saving power and reducing costs.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for secure communications in a digital engineering ecosystem. In some implementations, a digital platform receives a request from a user device to interact with a digital model. The digital platform determines whether a user operating the user device is authorized. In response to determining the user is authorized to access the digital platform, the digital platform generates a token that provides the user with access to the digital platform. The digital platform determines whether the request includes malicious activity. In response to determining that the request is absent of the malicious activity, the digital platform executes a digital thread that executes one or more operations using digital tools and the digital model. The digital platform provides data indicative of the one or more operations executing the digital thread to the user device.