Abstract: A cooling system for an electrified vehicle powertrain includes a cooling circuit fluidly coupling at least a traction battery, an electric motor, a pump, a heat exchange device and an expansion and contraction tank. The tank provides a sealed volume in the circuit for thermal expansion and contraction of the dielectric fluid as the temperature of the dielectric fluid increases or decreases. The tank includes an elastic member bifurcating an interior volume of the tank and separating the dielectric fluid on one side of the bladder from a volume of air functioning as a fluid spring on the other side of the bladder. The gas is configured to compress with the thermal expansion of the dielectric fluid.

Abstract: A cooling system for an electrified vehicle powertrain includes a cooling circuit fluidly coupling at least a traction battery, an electric motor, a pump, a heat exchange device and an expansion and contraction tank. The tank provides a sealed volume in the circuit for thermal expansion and contraction of the dielectric fluid as the temperature of the dielectric fluid increases or decreases. The tank includes an elastic member bifurcating an interior volume of the tank and separating the dielectric fluid on one side of the bladder from a volume of air functioning as a fluid spring on the other side of the bladder. The gas is configured to compress with the thermal expansion of the dielectric fluid.

Abstract: A cooling system for an electrified vehicle powertrain includes a cooling circuit fluidly coupling at least a traction battery and an electric motor, a pump, a heat exchange device and an expansion and contraction chamber. The circuit is a closed circuit sealed from the atmosphere and substantially free of atmospheric air, with the pump circulating dielectric fluid through the circuit for cooling at least the traction battery and electric motor, with the dielectric fluid being in direct contact with the battery cells. The expansion chamber provides a volume in the circuit for thermal expansion of the dielectric fluid as the temperature of the dielectric fluid increases, and is pressurized above atmospheric pressure with an inert gas or a gas that is non-reactive to the dielectric fluid, the gas being lighter than the dielectric fluid and compressing within the expansion chamber with the thermal expansion of the dielectric fluid.

Abstract: A cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion engine includes a cast cylinder head defining a combustion chamber and fabricated from a first material, and an internal support structure at least partially encapsulated within the cast cylinder head. The internal support structure is fabricated from a thermal strain and fatigue resistant second material, different from the first material, such that during engine operation, thermal and mechanical loads are transferred to the internal support structure to reduce combustion chamber displacement. The internal support structure and the cylinder head are bonded via a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process to eliminate internal porosity and gaps therebetween.