Abstract: Implantable devices having rougher surfaces and more surface area can be made of polymers such as PEEK or PAEK using a 3D printing process. The 3D implantable devices can be soaked in a lipase solution to etch the surface which can alter the surface energy, surface roughness, and atomic composition. After the lipase solution soaking, the 3D printed implantable devices can be removed from the solution and thoroughly rinsed with a cleaning fluid such as an acetone solution. The outer surfaces of the lipase treated 3D printed implantable device can also be surface activated by UV light or other photocatalytic activity to decrease bacteria attachment and growth. The surface energy of the resulting 3D printed implantable devices enhances patient ingrowth resulting in a faster recovery.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an offline-online question answering system. In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method including: receiving, by a processor, a query from a user; generating, by the processor, a query embedding representing the query; identifying, by the processor, at least one question corresponding to the query by comparing the query embedding to a plurality of embeddings of questions; and transmitting, by the processor, an answer corresponding to the at least one question to the user in response to the query.

Abstract: System and method for connection of a substitute load in batteries that are adapted to provide electrical power to an external power consuming unit. The batteries are connected to an electrical power consuming element, that is connectable to the batteries in case of undesired disconnection of the external power consuming unit. A controllable switching unit is configured to connect the power consuming element between the anode and the cathode when a load sensing unit senses ‘reduced load’ status of the electrical load between the anode and the cathode of the battery.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine and electric motors each coupled to a wheel of a rear axle by a coupling device, and an electronic control unit connected to sensors, to a mechanism selecting a propulsion mode and also to the internal combustion engine and to the electric motors. The method includes: depending on running conditions of the vehicle and depending on the selected propulsion mode, controlling the coupling devices, controlling operation of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motors, and controlling torque of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motors.

Abstract: An accumulator battery system includes series-connected accumulators with potentials across stages powering corresponding controllers that measure potential differences between terminals of accumulators. A first analog-to-digital converter encodes the potential measured between terminals of an accumulator. A first output delivers a first digital sequence corresponding to the encoded potential difference, logic levels of which are defined by at least two potentials across the first-stage accumulator terminals. A decoder decodes a potential measured by the first control-device from the first digital sequence. A second analog-to-digital converter selectively encodes a potential difference measured between terminals of a second-stage accumulator of the second stage and two potentials of the digital sequence received on the input.

Abstract: A method for controlling an automatic movement maneuver of a motor vehicle between an initial position and a final position includes establishing a path between the initial position and the final position of the vehicle and recording the path in a memory. The method also includes initiating automatic movement of the vehicle from the initial position, automatically moving the vehicle along the path, and automatically stopping the vehicle in the final position. Additionally, the method includes emitting a repetitive control signal from a mobile terminal and slaving the automatic movement of the vehicle along the path to a reception of the repetitive control signal by the vehicle.

Abstract: A method for controlling an automatic movement maneuver of a motor vehicle between an initial position and a final position includes establishing a path between the initial position and the final position of the vehicle and recording the path in a memory. The method also includes initiating automatic movement of the vehicle from the initial position, automatically moving the vehicle along the path, and automatically stopping the vehicle in the final position. Additionally, the method includes emitting a repetitive control signal from a mobile terminal and slaving the automatic movement of the vehicle along the path to a reception of the repetitive control signal by the vehicle.

Abstract: An accumulator battery system includes series-connected accumulators with potentials across stages powering corresponding controllers that measure potential differences between terminals of accumulators. A first analog-to-digital converter encodes the potential measured between terminals of an accumulator. A first output delivers a first digital sequence corresponding to the encoded potential difference, logic levels of which are defined by at least two potentials across the first-stage accumulator terminals. A decoder decodes a potential measured by the first control-device from the first digital sequence. A second analog-to-digital converter selectively encodes a potential difference measured between terminals of a second-stage accumulator of the second stage and two potentials of the digital sequence received on the input.

Abstract: A method for monitoring/controlling starting of a heat engine of a hybrid vehicle including at least one electrical engine, including: launching a simulated sequence for starting the heat engine by using a start battery; measuring and recording progress over time of at least one parameter of the start battery, including a given current strength and voltage at terminals of the start battery; and detecting whether or not the progress over time of the at least one parameter reaches a predetermined value defining a state of the start battery, with or without a required capacity, for starting the heat engine during a predetermined time interval.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine and electric motors each coupled to a wheel of a rear axle by a coupling device, and an electronic control unit connected to sensors, to a mechanism selecting a propulsion mode and also to the internal combustion engine and to the electric motors. The method includes: depending on running conditions of the vehicle and depending on the selected propulsion mode, controlling the coupling devices, controlling operation of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motors, and controlling torque of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motors.

Abstract: A cooling system for a hybrid powertrain of a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric traction assembly, comprising a main circuit that can be traversed by a coolant in order to cool the internal combustion engine to a first temperature level and a secondary circuit that can be traversed by a coolant to cool the electric traction assembly to a second temperature level, lower than the first level, each of the circuits and comprising a radiator capable of cooling the coolant by means of heat exchange with an air flow, at least one hydraulic pump for circulating the coolant in the coolant circuits, and one electronic control unit capable of controlling the hydraulic pumps. The control unit comprises a module for recovering information on the dynamics of the vehicle and a module for controlling the flow from the hydraulic pumps on the basis of that information.

Abstract: A cooling system for a hybrid powertrain of a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric traction assembly, comprising a main circuit that can be traversed by a coolant in order to cool the internal combustion engine to a first temperature level and a secondary circuit that can be traversed by a coolant to cool the electric traction assembly to a second temperature level, lower than the first level, each of the circuits and comprising a radiator capable of cooling the coolant by means of heat exchange with an air flow, at least one hydraulic pump for circulating the coolant in the coolant circuits, and one electronic control unit capable of controlling the hydraulic pumps. The control unit comprises a module for recovering information on the dynamics of the vehicle and a module for controlling the flow from the hydraulic pumps on the basis of that information.

Abstract: A method for controlling a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine and electric motors each coupled to a wheel of a rear axle by a coupling device, and an electronic control unit connected to sensors, to a mechanism selecting a propulsion mode and also to the internal combustion engine and to the electric motors. The method includes: depending on running conditions of the vehicle and depending on the selected propulsion mode, controlling the coupling devices, controlling operation of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motors, and controlling torque of the internal combustion engine and of the electric motors.

Abstract: A method for monitoring/controlling starting of a heat engine of a hybrid vehicle including at least one electrical engine, including: launching a pseudo-sequence for starting the heat engine by using a start battery; measuring and recording progress over time of at least one parameter of the start battery, including a given current strength and voltage at terminals of the start battery; and detecting whether or not the progress over time of the at least one parameter reaches a predetermined value defining a state of the start battery, with or without a required capacity, for starting the heat engine during a given time interval.

Abstract: A system for determining a setpoint associated with a position of a pedal in an automobile of type that includes two sensors each measuring a value associated with the pedal position. The system includes a mechanism capable of switching between a first and second state on a predetermined switching position of the pedal, and a mechanism generating the setpoint on the basis of the measures from the two sensors and of a current state of the switching mechanism. The generation mechanism is capable of selecting the measure corresponding to the smallest of the pedal positions when the switching mechanism is in the first state, and selecting the measure corresponding to the largest of the pedal positions when the switching mechanism is in the second state.

Abstract: A device for determining a value of a binary item, delivered in a redundant manner by two distinct determination mechanisms, and representative of a parameter of a system, the binary item being equal to a first or a second value when the parameter lies respectively in a first or a second range of values, the first and second ranges of values being separated by a transient range of values in which the transitions of value of the binary item transmitted respectively by the determination mechanisms occur. The system includes a state machine that assigns, when one of the determination mechanisms delivers a binary item devoid of any transition of value on account of a malfunction, respectively the first or second predetermined value delivered by the other determination mechanism, which is operating normally, when the parameter lies in the first or second range of values.

Abstract: An absolute position sensor with serial reading, that includes at least one detector capable of detecting transitions in a target pattern present on a member mobile relative to the detector. The sensor includes a shift register capable of storing a predetermined number of consecutive data from the detector, and a mechanism comparing the value of the register to a set of predetermined values each corresponding to a position of the detector relative to the target pattern.

Abstract: A system for determining a setpoint associated with a position of a pedal in an automobile of type that includes two sensors each measuring a value associated with the pedal position. The system includes a mechanism capable of switching between a first and second state on a predetermined switching position of the pedal, and a mechanism generating the setpoint on the basis of the measures from the two sensors and of a current state of the switching mechanism. The generation mechanism is capable of selecting the measure corresponding to the smallest of the pedal positions when the switching mechanism is in the first state, and selecting the measure corresponding to the largest of the pedal positions when the switching mechanism is in the second state.

Abstract: A method and device for synthesizing an electrical architecture. The method synthesizes a routing that obtains the following parameters: different configurations of service variants and calculator variants and rate of occurrence of the configurations, a sum of the rates of the configurations being considered as equal to one; component cost characteristics stored and weighted according to their respective rates of increase; and partial or full positioning of the service variants on the calculator variants. The method also identifies valid routings, evaluates the routing cost of the valid routings for each configuration, and determines the valid routing that minimizes the average of the routing costs for each configuration, the average being weighted by the rates of increase of each configuration.

Abstract: An absolute position sensor with serial reading, that includes at least one detector capable of detecting transitions in a target pattern present on a member mobile relative to the detector. The sensor includes a shift register capable of storing a predetermined number of consecutive data from the detector, and a mechanism comparing the value of the register to a set of predetermined values each corresponding to a position of the detector relative to the target pattern.