Abstract: An imaging device includes a body having a first end portion configured to be held in a user's hand and a second end portion configured to direct light onto a surgical margin. The device includes at least one excitation light source configured to excite autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of induced porphyrins in tissue cells of the surgical margin. A white light source is configured to illuminate the surgical margin during white light imaging of the surgical margin. The device includes an imaging sensor, a first optical filter configured to permit passage of autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of the induced porphyrins in tissue cells to the imaging sensor, and a second optical filter configured to permit passage of white light emissions of tissues in the surgical margin to the imaging sensor. Systems and methods relate to imaging devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, systems, and devices for coregistering imaging data to form three-dimensional superimposed images of target such as a tumor or a surgical bed. A three-dimensional map can be generated by projecting infrared radiation at a target area, receiving reflected infrared radiation, and measuring depth of the target area. A three-dimensional white light image can be created from a captured two-dimensional white light image and the three-dimensional map. A three-dimensional fluorescence image can be created from a captured two-dimensional fluorescence image and the three-dimensional map. The three-dimensional white light image and the three-dimensional fluorescence image can be aligned using one or more fiducial markers to form a three-dimensional superimposed image. The superimposed image can be used to excise cancerous tissues, for example, breast tumors. Images can be in the form of videos.

Abstract: An endoscopic imaging device is disclosed. The device includes a body portion configured to be held in a user's hand and an endoscope portion configured to direct light onto a target. At least one excitation light source is configured to excite autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of induced porphyrins in tissue cells of the target. A white light source is configured to illuminate the surgical margin during white light imaging of the target. The device also includes an imaging sensor and a first optical filter configured to filter optical signals emitted by the target responsive to illumination with excitation light and permit passage of autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of the induced porphyrins in tissue cells to the imaging sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, systems, and devices for coregistering imaging data to form three-dimensional superimposed images of target such as a tumor or a surgical bed. A three-dimensional map can be generated by projecting infrared radiation at a target area, receiving reflected infrared radiation, and measuring depth of the target area. A three-dimensional white light image can be created from a captured two-dimensional white light image and the three-dimensional map. A three-dimensional fluorescence image can be created from a captured two-dimensional fluorescence image and the three-dimensional map. The three-dimensional white light image and the three-dimensional fluorescence image can be aligned using one or more fiducial markers to form a three-dimensional superimposed image. The superimposed image can be used to excise cancerous tissues, for example, breast tumors. Images can be in the form of videos.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a body having a first end portion configured to be held in a user's hand and a second end portion configured to direct light onto a surgical margin. The device includes at least one excitation light source configured to excite autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of induced porphyrins in tissue cells of the surgical margin. A white light source is configured to illuminate the surgical margin during white light imaging of the surgical margin. The device includes an imaging sensor, a first optical filter configured to permit passage of autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of the induced porphyrins in tissue cells to the imaging sensor, and a second optical filter configured to permit passage of white light emissions of tissues in the surgical margin to the imaging sensor. Systems and methods relate to imaging devices.

Abstract: A tissue phantom is disclosed. The tissue phantom includes a first portion having the optical properties of healthy tissue and a second portion having the optical properties of cancerous tissue. Additionally, a method of calibrating an optical instrument is disclosed. The method includes illuminating a tissue phantom with excitation light from the optical instrument, detecting optical emissions emitted by the tissue phantom in response to illumination with the excitation light, and calibrating the optical instrument based upon the detected fluorescence.

Abstract: A method of assessing surgical margins is disclosed. The method includes, subsequent to administration of a compound configured to induce emissions of between about 600 nm and about 660 nm in cancerous tissue cells, positioning a distal end of a handheld, white light and fluorescence-based imaging device adjacent to a surgical margin. The method also includes, with the handheld device, substantially simultaneously exciting and detecting autofluorescence emissions of tissue cells and fluorescence emissions of the induced wavelength in tissue cells of the surgical margin. And, based on a presence or an amount of fluorescence emissions of the induced wavelength detected in the tissue cells of the surgical margin, determining whether the surgical margin is substantially free of at least one of precancerous cells, cancerous cells, and satellite lesions. The compound may be a non-activated, non-targeted compound such as ALA.

Abstract: An apparatus for enabling connections for use with a network comprising at least one vertex, the apparatus comprising: a receiver, for receiving a first message associated with the first vertex, wherein the first message comprises an indication that the first vertex wishes to join the network; a generator, responsive to receipt of the first message, for generating a second message associated with the at least one vertex, wherein the second message comprising an indication that the at least one vertex is operable to connect to the first vertex; and a probabilistic component for determining a first time value associated with transmission of the second message to the first vertex in accordance with probabilistic data.

Abstract: An apparatus for enabling connections for use with a network comprising at least one vertex, the apparatus comprising: a receiver, for receiving a first message associated with the first vertex, wherein the first message comprises an indication that the first vertex wishes to join the network; a generator, responsive to receipt of the first message, for generating a second message associated with the at least one vertex, wherein the second message comprising an indication that the at least one vertex is operable to connect to the first vertex; and a probabilistic component for determining a first time value associated with transmission of the second message to the first vertex in accordance with probabilistic data.

Abstract: A network client such as a WWW browser configured to facilitate a windowed content manifestation environment (CME) which is configured to operate within a data processing system and to receive content from a remote server system to facilitate a windowed content manifestation environment. In particular, the customized WWW browser application includes a content retrieval module configured to receive content from a network server system via an electronic data network, and a processing engine coupled to the content retrieval module. The processing engine is configured to provide a content manifestation environment within the data processing system, and to process the content to produce at least one corresponding window object within the content manifestation environment. The corresponding window object(s) are configured to manifest at least a portion of the content therein.