Abstract: A method performed by an apparatus to determine compression parameters to choose when compressing images or videos for use in a machine vision task is provided. The method includes compressing an uncompressed original image or video at a plurality of different quality levels and/or bit rates to create a plurality of compressed images or videos. The method further includes, for each compressed image or video compressed at the different quality levels and/or bit rates: decompressing the compressed image or video to create a decompressed image or video, executing a machine vision algorithm on the decompressed image or video to generate machine vision results for the decompressed image or video and deriving a performance value indicating a performance of the decompressed image or video based on comparing the machine vision results to an assumed truth.

Abstract: A method for encoding or decoding an image is provided. The method comprises obtaining pixel values of pixels included in the image. The method further comprises converting the pixel values into convoluted values using a convolution network that comprises a first convolution layer, wherein the first convolution layer is configured to receive first input values and generate first output values using a convolution operation. The method further comprises obtaining first quality values, and (i) combining the first quality values with the pixel values, thereby generating the first input values or (ii) combining the first quality values with the first output values, thereby generating first combined values.

Abstract: There is provided a method for encoding a picture. The method comprises, for each picture on either side of the current picture with a distance of one or two away from the current picture, computing a first error value, E, wherein the first error value, E, is computed for each block of a set of blocks of a first block size of the current picture and is based on the respective block of the current picture and a corresponding block in the picture. The method comprises, for each picture on either side of the current picture with a distance of one or two away from the current picture, aggregating the first error value, E, over a block of a second block size for each block of the set of blocks of the first block size contained in the block of the second block size to generate a second error value, E?, corresponding to the picture.

Abstract: A method performed by a decoder for decoding, from a coded video bitstream, a first block of a first coded slice of a first picture and a current block of the first coded slice of the first picture. The method includes using first information from the coded video bitstream to obtain a first mapped residual block for the first block. The method also includes generating a first mapped reconstructed block using the first mapped residual block and a first prediction block for the first block. The method also includes using a first inverse mapping and the first mapped reconstructed block to generate a first output reconstructed block that is not identical to the first mapped reconstructed block. The method also includes using second information from the coded video bitstream to obtain a current mapped residual block for the current block. The method also includes generating a current mapped reconstructed block using the current mapped residual block and a current prediction block for the current block.

Abstract: There is provided a method, performed by a temporal filter. The method comprises obtaining a current picture and a set of one or more neighbor pictures comprising a first neighbor picture, wherein each of the one or more neighbor pictures either precedes or follows the current picture in a picture count order. The method comprises, based on a first block of pixel values of the current picture and a first block of pixel values in the first neighbor picture, determining a first filter weight, W1, for at least a first pixel value in the first block of pixel values of the current picture, wherein the first block of pixel values in the first neighbor picture correspond to the first block of pixel values in the current picture.

Abstract: A method for encoding or decoding an image is provided. The method comprises obtaining pixel values of pixels included in the image. The method further comprises converting the pixel values into convoluted values using a convolution network that comprises a first convolution layer, wherein the first convolution layer is configured to receive first input values and generate first output values using a convolution operation. The method further comprises obtaining first quality values, and (i) combining the first quality values with the pixel values, thereby generating the first input values or (ii) combining the first quality values with the first output values, thereby generating first combined values.

Abstract: A method by a control system includes receiving at least one of an image, a video frame, or a point cloud frame. Responsive to detecting an object of a group of classes of a predefined group of classes in the at least one of the image, the video frame, or the point cloud frame, setting a target bit rate of an encoder to a specific value based on the object. Responsive to not detecting any object that belongs to any of the predefined group of classes in the at least one of the image, the video frame, or the point cloud frame, setting the target bit rate to one of a default bit rate and a current bit rate. The method includes sending an instruction to the encoder of a bit rate to use based on whether an object is detected.

Abstract: A method (400) for thinning a video comprising a sequence of pictures. The method includes the deciding whether or not to perform a video thinning process on a picture of the video. The method also includes performing a video thinning process on the picture of the video as a result of deciding to perform a video thinning process. The method also includes deciding whether or not to perform a video thinning process on another picture of the video. The method also includes, after deciding not to perform a video thinning process on the another picture, encoding the another picture to produce an encoded picture. The method further includes adding the encoded picture to a bitstream.

Abstract: A method, decoder apparatus, and computer programs are provided. A bit stream having a video block encoded with a multiple transform selection (MTS) index is received. The MTS index is parsed to determine a value of it. Responsive to the MTS index value being a predetermined value (or one of a predetermined set of indices), a LFNST index is parsed from the bit stream to determine a value of it, the value providing an indication whether a LFNST transform set is to be used in decoding the video block. Responsive to the MTS index value not being the predetermined value (or one of the set of indices), the value of the LFNST index is set to a default value indicating no LFNST transform is to be used in the decoding. The video block is decoded based on the values of the MTS index and the LFNST index.

Abstract: There is provided a method, performed by a temporal filter. The method comprises obtaining a current picture and a set of one or more neighbor pictures comprising a first neighbor picture, wherein each of the one or more neighbor pictures either precedes or follows the current picture in a picture count order. The method comprises, based on a first block of pixel values of the current picture and a first block of pixel values in the first neighbor picture, determining a first filter weight, W1, for at least a first pixel value in the first block of pixel values of the current picture, wherein the first block of pixel values in the first neighbor picture correspond to the first block of pixel values in the current picture.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for methods and apparatuses for transform selection in encoding and decoding of video blocks.

Abstract: A method performed by an apparatus to determine compression parameters to choose when compressing images or videos for use in a machine vision task is provided. The method includes compressing an uncompressed original image or video at a plurality of different quality levels and/or bit rates to create a plurality of compressed images or videos. The method further includes, for each compressed image or video compressed at the different quality levels and/or bit rates: decompressing the compressed image or video to create a decompressed image or video, executing a machine vision algorithm on the decompressed image or video to generate machine vision results for the decompressed image or video and deriving a performance value indicating a performance of the decompressed image or video based on comparing the machine vision results to an assumed truth.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for methods and apparatuses for transform selection in encoding and decoding of video blocks.

Abstract: There is provided a method for encoding a picture. The method comprises, for each picture on either side of the current picture with a distance of one or two away from the current picture, computing a first error value, E, wherein the first error value, E, is computed for each block of a set of blocks of a first block size of the current picture and is based on the respective block of the current picture and a corresponding block in the picture. The method comprises, for each picture on either side of the current picture with a distance of one or two away from the current picture, aggregating the first error value, E, over a block of a second block size for each block of the set of blocks of the first block size contained in the block of the second block size to generate a second error value, E?, corresponding to the picture.

Abstract: A method (400) performed by a decoder. The method includes the decoder receiving (s402) a plurality of Network Abstraction Layer, NAL, units, wherein the plurality of NAL units comprises: i) one or more Video Coding Layer, VCL, NAL units comprising pixel data for one or more pictures and ii) a first non-VCL NAL unit, characterized in that the first non-VCL NAL unit comprises: i) at least a first syntax element identifying at least a first data type, DT1, and ii) semantic information that comprises at least a first feature for one or more machine vision tasks, wherein the first feature comprises at least first data of the first data type. The method also includes the decoder obtaining (s404) the first feature from the first non-VCL NAL unit.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for methods and apparatuses for transform selection in encoding and decoding of video blocks.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for methods and apparatuses for transform selection in encoding and decoding of video blocks.

Abstract: A method, decoder apparatus, and computer programs are provided. A bit stream having a video block encoded with a multiple transform selection (MTS) index is received. The MTS index is parsed to determine a value of it. Responsive to the MTS index value being a predetermined value (or one of a predetermined set of indices), a LFNST index is parsed from the bit stream to determine a value of it, the value providing an indication whether a LFNST transform set is to be used in decoding the video block. Responsive to the MTS index value not being the predetermined value (or one of the set of indices), the value of the LFNST index is set to a default value indicating no LFNST transform is to be used in the decoding. The video block is decoded based on the values of the MTS index and the LFNST index.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms of guided transcoding. The methods are performed by a decoder, for producing original transform coefficients, and by an encoder, for producing coded delta transform coefficients. A decoding method comprises deriving a predicted residual block. The decoding method comprises transforming the predicted residual block using a forward transform, thereby producing a plurality of original estimated coefficients, the plurality of OECs comprising a first OEC. The decoding method comprises quantizing the plurality of OECs, thereby producing a plurality of quantized estimated transform coefficients comprising a first ETC corresponding to the first OEC. The decoding method comprises selecting a category based on the first OEC. The decoding method comprises decoding a first coded delta transform coefficient (DTC) corresponding to the first OEC, thereby producing a first decoded DTC, wherein the decoding comprises using the selected category to decode the first coded DTC.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for methods and apparatuses for transform selection in encoding and decoding of video blocks.