Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrodes that possess components capable of indicating to an end-user when the electrode is in need of replacement. The electrode includes a substrate and a conductive composition on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate. In embodiments, the conductive composition includes at least one hydrogel and at least one component that precipitates from the hydrogel after repeated use of the electrode, thereby providing an indication to replace the electrode. In other embodiments, the electrodes include a hydrogel in combination with a pH indicator which changes its color or opacity upon repeated use of the electrode, thereby indicating an appropriate time for changing or replacing the electrode.

Abstract: A medical electrode includes an electrode member having a top face and a bottom face, an electrical conductor having an unfanned, unsheathed end portion for conducting energy between the electrode member and a medical device, and a patient contacting layer secured to at least a portion of the bottom face of the electrode member. An energy blocking layer is disposed between the unfanned conductor end portion and the electrode member to prevent immediate transfer of energy to the electrode member. A current distributing structure is described to conduct and distribute energy to the electrode member.

Abstract: A medical electrode includes an electrode member having a top face and a bottom face, an electrical conductor having an unfanned, unsheathed end portion for conducting energy between the electrode member and a medical device, and a patient contacting layer secured to at least a portion of the bottom face of the electrode member. An energy blocking layer is disposed between the unfanned conductor end portion and the electrode member to prevent immediate transfer of energy to the electrode member. A current distributing structure is described to conduct and distribute energy to the electrode member.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrodes that possess components capable of indicating to an end-user when the electrode is in need of replacement. The electrode includes a substrate and a conductive composition on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate. In embodiments, the conductive composition includes at least one hydrogel and at least one component that precipitates from the hydrogel after repeated use of the electrode, thereby providing an indication to replace the electrode. In other embodiments, the electrodes include a hydrogel in combination with a pH indicator which changes its color or opacity upon repeated use of the electrode, thereby indicating an appropriate time for changing or replacing the electrode.