Abstract: Technologies are provided for a method and an adaptor for introducing electricity into a combustion chamber, for the purpose of electrical flame or combustion control. The adaptor may be placed between a conventional burner assembly and a conventional combustion chamber wall. The adaptor includes an aperture for admitting electricity into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A radiation modulator for a lithography apparatus, a lithography apparatus, a method of modulating radiation for use in lithography, and a device manufacturing method is disclosed. The radiation modulator for a lithography apparatus may have a plurality of waveguides supporting propagation therethough of radiation having a wavelength less than 450 nm; and a modulating section configured to individually modulate radiation propagating in each of the waveguides in order to provide a modulated plurality of output beams.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and systems for management of image-based password accounts. A password management account may be accessed by a user undergoing image-based authentication. The invention may allow a user to manage parameters relating to image-based authentication. The invention may also allow a user to manage authentication at one or more web site.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a graphical image identity authentication system. In particular, the invention is directed to methods and systems for graphical security authentication and advertising. A security authentication system may receive advertisements from an advertising service company, process the advertisements to integrate them into the graphical image identity authentication system, and transmit the processed advertisement information back to the advertisement service company. The security authentication system may also monitor user interaction with the advertisements and transmit the logged information to the advertising service company.