Abstract: Methods of characterizing an analyte using a detector such as a nanopore and an enzyme are provided. One aspect features methods for characterizing a double-stranded polynucleotide using a detector, e.g., without using a hairpin connecting a template and a complement of the double-stranded polynucleotide. Another aspect features methods for characterizing an analyte using a tag-modified nanopore with increased sensitivity and/or higher throughput. Compositions and systems including, e.g., adaptors for attachment to double-stranded polynucleotides and tag-modified nanopores, which can be used in the methods are also provided.

Abstract: An injection device is described. The injection device includes a stopper having a first conductive element, a barrel having a medicament reservoir sealed at a proximal end with the stopper, and a plunger rod having a second conductive element. The plunger rod is coupled with the stopper to cause forward axial movement of the stopper to expel a medicament from the medicament reservoir. The first conductive element and the second conductive element complete an electrical circuit when the plunger rod is coupled to the stopper.

Abstract: Injection monitoring circuitry is provided for coupling to part of an injection device having a syringe and a plunger rod. The injection monitoring circuitry has an input to receive force measurement data from a force sensor, the force measurement data includes a plurality of timestamped force measurements of force applied by a user to the injection device when an injection is administered to an injection site. Processing circuitry is provided to determine from the force measurement data when an end of injection has been reached, the end of injection corresponding to the plunger rod having reached an end position in a distal portion of the barrel of the syringe during administration of the injection by the user. Machine readable instructions and an injection monitoring method are also provided.

Abstract: An injection device including a barrel having a medicament reservoir therein capable of fluid communication with a needle assembly at a distal end thereof and sealed at a proximal end thereof with a stopper. The injection device further includes a plunger rod having a distal rod end which is couplable with said stopper, wherein, when the plunger rod is coupled to the stopper, forward axial movement of the plunger rod causes forward axial movement of the stopper coupled thereto into the medicament reservoir in order to expel medicament through the needle assembly. Further, the plunger rod can be decoupled from the stopper by applying a rearward axial force on the plunger rod, said rearward axial decoupling force being less than a rearward axial force required to move the stopper rearwardly with respect to the barrel.

Abstract: Injection monitoring circuitry is provided for coupling to part of an injection device having a syringe and a plunger rod. The injection monitoring circuitry has an input to receive force measurement data from a force sensor, the force measurement data includes a plurality of timestamped force measurements of force applied by a user to the injection device when an injection is administered to an injection site. Processing circuitry is provided to determine from the force measurement data when an end of injection has been reached, the end of injection corresponding to the plunger rod having reached an end position in a distal portion of the barrel of the syringe during administration of the injection by the user. Machine readable instructions and an injection monitoring method are also provided.

Abstract: An injection device including a barrel having a medicament reservoir therein capable of fluid communication with a needle assembly at a distal end thereof and sealed at a proximal end thereof with a stopper. The injection device further includes a plunger rod having a distal rod end which is couplable with said stopper, wherein, when the plunger rod is coupled to the stopper, forward axial movement of the plunger rod causes forward axial movement of the stopper coupled thereto into the medicament reservoir in order to expel medicament through the needle assembly. Further, the plunger rod can be decoupled from the stopper by applying a rearward axial force on the plunger rod, said rearward axial decoupling force being less than a rearward axial force required to move the stopper rearwardly with respect to the barrel.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of estimating the time offsets between signals transmitted by plural transmitters of a communications network and received by a receiver attached to a terminal. In the method a section of a representation of the signals from the plural transmitters received by the receiver at the terminal (a “terminal section”) is created as are a first section of a representation of the signal transmitted by a first of said transmitters and a second section of a representation of the signal transmitted by a second of said transmitters. Each of the first and second sections overlaps in time with the terminal section. Using the first section, the second section and a set of signal parameters, including initial estimates of the time offsets between the first section and the terminal section and between the second section and the terminal section, a model of a section of a representation of the composite signal received by the receiver from the first and second transmitters is created.