Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to methods and apparatuses for forming composites. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of making a composite. The method can include placing a resin-impregnated fiber on a tooling surface. The method can include at least partially curing the resin-impregnated fiber. The method can also include placing a material in contact with the resin-impregnated fiber, to provide a composite.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to sacrificial materials and methods of using the same. Various embodiments provide objects having the sacrificial material at least partially removed therefrom, and methods of making the same. Various embodiments provide sacrificial adhesives, sacrificial mechanical connectors, and methods of using the same. The sacrificial material can include a polymer including a repeating unit including a substituted or unsubstituted (C2-C20)hydrocarbylene and at least one of carboxylate, carbonate, carbamate, thiocarbonate, and thiocarbamate. The method can include exposing the sacrificial material to at least one of heat and acid, such that at least some of the sacrificial material degrades. The method can include removing at least some of the degraded sacrificial material.