Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of analyzing a sample comprising a hydrophobic molecule. The method includes preparing an aqueous solution comprising the sample. The method also includes placing the solution in contact with a polypropylene substrate having a deactivated surface that reduces adsorption of the hydrophobic molecule relative to a polypropylene substrate that has not been deactivated. The method also includes analyzing the sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of analyzing a sample comprising a hydrophobic molecule. The method includes preparing an aqueous solution comprising the sample. The method also includes placing the solution in contact with a polypropylene substrate having a deactivated surface that reduces adsorption of the hydrophobic molecule relative to a polypropylene substrate that has not been deactivated. The method also includes analyzing the sample.

Abstract: A method of detecting and sequencing post translationally modified peptides is disclosed wherein a negative ion precursor scan is performed. A negative ion high resolution MS scan is then performed and then MRM channels in positive ion mode are determined and monitored. A positive ion MS/MS scan is then performed.

Abstract: A method of detecting and sequencing post translationally modified peptides is disclosed wherein a negative ion precursor scan is performed. A negative ion high resolution MS scan is then performed and then MRM channels in positive ion mode are determined and monitored. A positive ion MS/MS scan is then performed.

Abstract: A method of detecting and sequencing post translationally modified peptides is disclosed wherein a negative ion precursor scan is performed. A negative ion high resolution MS scan is then performed and then MRM channels in positive ion mode are determined and monitored. A positive ion MS/MS scan is then performed.

Abstract: A drive scheme for a cholesteric liquid crystal display device comprises supply of a drive signal to the electrode arrangement of a cell comprising a layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material. The drive signal comprises at least one initial pulse that drives the cholesteric liquid crystal material into the homeotropic state; a relaxation period that allows the cholesteric liquid crystal material to relax into the planar state; and a drive sequence during which the root mean square voltage of the drive signal, determined over periods within which the cholesteric liquid crystal does not relax, increases monotonically. The drive sequence reduces the reflectivity of the cholesteric liquid material without any fluctuations.

Abstract: A method for the detection and quantitation of analytes of interest and variants of the analyte of interest comprising the steps of: (i) providing a sample containing an analyte of interest; (ii) spiking sample with known amount of calibrant; (iii) performing an LCMS or LCMSMS analysis on the spiked sample to produce a data set; (iv) determining from said data set the relative quantity of analyte of interest to calibrant; (v) calculating the absolute quantity of the analyte of interest from said relative quantity of analyte of interest and said known amount of calibrant; (vi) searching for one or more previously identified candidate sequences for one or more known variants denoted by one or more specific peaks to identify the presence of said one or more known variants within the sample; (vii) determining the relative quantity or amount of said one or more variants to said analyte of interest; and (viii) calculating the absolute quantity or amount of any of said one or more variants present in the sample.

Abstract: A decorative panel (1) comprises a transparent front substrate (2) having a foreground image printed thereon, the foreground image having varying transparency across its area. Behind the foreground image, is at least one layer (3) of optically reflective or absorptive material which has a reflectance or absorptance that is changeable in response to an external stimulus and which transmits incident light that is not reflected or absorbed. Behind the at least on layer of reflective material, is a background layer (4) on which light transmitted by the at least one layer of optically reflective or absorptive material is incident and which is not transparent.

Abstract: A method of detecting and sequencing post translationally modified peptides is disclosed wherein a negative ion precursor scan is performed. A negative ion high resolution MS scan is then performed and then MRM channels in positive ion mode are determined and monitored. A positive ion MS/MS scan is then performed.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal display device (24) comprises three stacked cells (10R, 10G, 10B), each comprising a layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material (19) and an electrode arrangement (13, 14) capable of providing independent driving of a plurality of pixels across the layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material by respective drive signals. The display device has a drive circuit (22) arranged to apply respective drive signals to each pixel in successive cycles of predetermined duration. When providing a high reflectance, the drive signal comprises makes use of drive pulses (50) shaped to drive the pixel into the homeotropic state. When providing a low reflectance, the drive signal includes a number of perturbation pulses (61) which are sufficiently short and sufficiently spaced from each other that the pixel is driven into a transient state having a lower reflectance than the planar state.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal display device has a cell comprising a layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material and an active matrix addressing arrangement. The active matrix addressing arrangement is used to drive the liquid crystal material into the planar state and the homeotropic state. To achieve grey levels, the active matrix addressing arrangement is scanned with a plural number of scans (50) in each video period TF and the relative time during which the pixels are driven into the planar and homeotropic states is controlled in accordance with the image data (51, 52).

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal display device having cells comprising a layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material and an electrode arrangement capable of providing independent driving of a plurality of pixels across the layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material. A drive circuit generates drive signals supplied to the pixels to drive them into states reflectances in accordance with an image signal. The drive signals may have a waveform shaped to drive the respective pixels into the homeotropic state and the planar state alternately within successive drive periods for respective periods of time which are varied to provide an average reflectance as perceived by a viewer in accordance with the image signal. A light source illuminates the display device and is supplied with power by a power circuit.

Abstract: In a cholesteric liquid crystal display device (24), to drive a surface-stabilized layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material into the focal conic state, there is applied drive signal comprising a series of pulses (30, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41). At least one initial pulse has sufficient energy to drive the layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material into the homeotropic state and the subsequent pulses have time-averaged energies which reduce to a minimum level at which the layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material is driven into the focal conic state. This produces a focal conic state of particularly low reflectance, which allows a high contrast ratio to be achieved.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal display device (40) comprises a stack of three cells (10), each cell comprising a layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material (19) capable of being switched between a plurality of states including a planar state in which it reflects light with wavelengths in a central band (31) corresponding to red, green and blue, respectively, and in overtone bands (32, 33) on both sides of the central band (31). Each adjacent pair of cells 10 in the stack is held together by a layer of adhesive (42, 43). At least one of the layers of adhesive (42, 43) includes a red dye which is absorbent of light with wavelengths in the overtone bands (32) on the side of the central band (31) of lower wavelength. The red dye improves the perceived red colour of light reflected from the red cell (10R) by suppressing the overtone bands. The provision of the red dye in the adhesive provides several advantages in manufacture.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal display apparatus is driven in accordance with image data having a predetermined number of possible grey levels. Drive signals are applied to the electrodes of the at least one cell which drive each pixel of the display apparatus into a state selected from a number of predetermined states in accordance with the image data. A number of predetermined states less than the predetermined number of possible grey levels of the image data is used but the image data is error diffusion dithered so that the spatial filtering performed by the eye of the viewer compensates for the low number of states used. By using such a low number of states, there are achieved several advantages in the design of the drive circuit which increase its simplicity and reduce cost.